Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Syringomyelia”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The natural history and the influence of surgical treatment in syringomyelia.

A retrospective analysis was made of the natural history and treatment of 44 patients with syringomyelia, followed for a median interval of 10 years after diagnosis. Twenty-four patients were treated surgically. Four of 12 patients who had a laminectomy with aspiration of the syrinx or syringostomy, and 7 of 15 patients who underwent decompression and exploration of the cervicomedullary junction, showed sustained improvement or stabilisation of their neurological deficits. When symptoms had been present for more than 2 years, when there was a moderate or severe neurological disability, and when the patient was more than 40 years old, the long-term outlook of posterior fossa surgery was usually poor. Of the 20 patients who did not have an operation, 7 had no further progression in symptoms after presentation and prolonged survival was usual. It is concluded that in many cases syringomyelia is compatible with prolonged survival, and although improvement can follow surgery, its influence on the disease in the long-term is uncertain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Multiple sclerosis and non-communicating syringomyelia: a casual association or linked diseases?

Non-communicating syringomyelia (NCS) can be associated with different disease processes such as arachnoidytis, trauma or tumor. Approximately 12 cases, documented radiographically, of the association of non-communicating syringomyelia and multiple sclerosis (MS) have been described but their relationship remains obscure. In 3 patients with laboratory supported MS spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a central cystic cavity. In 2 patients lesions on the spinal cord above the cavity were demonstrated. At 3-year follow-up in 1 patient, no change in the cavity was detected. Although 3 cases are insufficient for providing a definitive conclusion on the relationship between these two diseases, we suggest that demyelinating lesions have to be regarded as possible causes of spinal, asymptomatic cavities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Prospective analysis of presenting symptoms among 265 patients with radiographic evidence of Chiari malformation type I with or without syringomyelia.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the presenting symptoms among persons with radiographic evidence of Chiari malformation (CM) type I in an effort to help the primary care provider determine accurate diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: The symptoms of CM can often be vague and ambiguous, leading to misdiagnosis. Patients who had radiographic evidence of CM with or without syringomyelia were prospectively studied. The detailed symptom data were collected from patient reports at initial examination to determine if there was a pattern of symptoms typically attributable to the CM. RESULTS: Analysis of presenting symptoms among 265 patients demonstrated a distinct pattern of symptom constellation. This study reports a prospective analysis of presenting symptoms among 265 patients with radiographic evidence of CM with or without syringomyelia and defines a common presentation pattern. Recognition of typical symptoms attributable to CM can result in appropriate diagnostic workup, accurate diagnosis, and timely treatment, leading to improved patient outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Myotonic dystrophy, syringomyelia, and 2/13 translocation in the same family.

The present report describes a sibship with 2 individuals affected by myotonic dystrophy and a third with syringomyelia. The mother was affected by myotonic dystrophy. A balanced 2/13 translocation was detected in the individual with syringomyelia, in one affected by myotonic dystrophy and in their clinically normal father. The association between the phenotypic anomalies and the chromosome alteration is coincidental.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed2004

Theoretical analysis of the pathophysiology of syringomyelia associated with adhesive arachnoiditis.

OBJECTIVE: To apply a theoretical model to analyse the derangement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics in syringomyelia associated with adhesive arachnoiditis. METHODS: An electrical circuit model of CSF dynamics in the spine was used. With this model, the derangement of CSF dynamics in adhesive arachnoiditis was simulated. The effects of various surgical procedures were then analysed, such as syringo-subarachnoid shunting, subarachnoid bypass, and foramen magnum decompression. RESULTS: When CSF flow in the subarachnoid space was obstructed at a certain point, the pressure inside the spinal cord increased in the segment immediately distal to the blockage. This location of increased pressure corresponded to the preferred site of syrinx formation in adhesive arachnoiditis. Syringo-subarachnoid shunting, subarachnoid bypass, and foramen magnum decompression were all effective at reducing this pressure gradient. CONCLUSIONS: Blockage of the spinal subarachnoid CSF pathway produces a relative increase in the pressure inside the spinal cord distal to the blockage point. Repetitive formation of this pressure gradient then induces CSF leakage into the spinal parenchyma, leading to the formation of syringomyelia. Using this model, alternative surgical procedures could be suggested that might be effective in treating this disease.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1973

Syringomyelia produced by intramedullary fluid injection in dogs.

Acute cord cavities have been produced by injection of saline or cerebrospinal fluid into the spinal cords of five beagle dogs. The lesions resemble syringomyelia as seen in the human. The lesions are described and the significance of the findings in supporting a hydrodynamic concept for communicating syringomyelia in the human are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Pattern of segmental motor involvement in syringomyelia: a single fibre EMG study.

Single fibre EMG has been used to study the pattern of upper limb motor involvement in syringomyelia. Biceps brachii, extensor digitorum communis (EDC) and first dorsal interosseous muscles (1stDI) representing C5/6, C7/8 and C8/T1 segments, were studied. In the biceps the fibre density was slightly increased in most patients, in EDC it was about twice the normal and in the 1stDI it was about three times normal. The potentials were least stable and of longest duration in the 1stDI. These findings seem to indicate a relatively constant pattern of involvement of anterior horn cells in the brachial segments in syringomyelia.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Syncope as a presenting feature of hindbrain herniation with syringomyelia.

Syncope is rare as a presenting symptom of syringomyelia. Three cases are described in which syncope brought the patient to hospital and in each case syringomyelia was subsequently diagnosed and treated. The suggestion is made that impaction of hindbrain hernia or the Chiari malformation may be a causative mechanism of loss of consciousness in such cases; the three examples presented all did well after posterior fossa surgery to decompress the hindbrain hernia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Familial syringomyelia.

A woman with syringobulbia and syringomyelia and her sister with syringomyelia are described. The diagnosis was confirmed radiologically and surgically in the first sister and no other definite abnormalities of her craniocervical junction were found.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Syringomyelia: cyst measurement by magnetic resonance imaging and comparison with symptoms, signs and disability.

The severity and distribution of symptoms and signs in patients with syringomyelia is considered to be dependent on the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the syrinx and it is thought that clinical examination can identify the extent of the cyst. Magnetic resonance imaging has made the anatomical localisation of intramedullary spinal lesions more exact and probably more specific than previous methods of investigation. Syrinx length, diameters, cyst:cord and cord:canal ratios have been studied in 12 patients with syringomyelia to assess whether the dimensions of the syrinx relate to the clinical findings. The length of syrinx appeared to be related to cyst diameter, cyst:cord and cord:canal ratios. Patients with a small syrinx tended to have a small cyst diameter, and small cyst:cord and cord:canal ratios. No significant relationship was found between muscle wasting or weakness, distribution of sensory loss, degree of disability or distress and the dimensions of the syrinx. These findings should be borne in mind when surgical management is being considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Post-traumatic syringomyelia following uncomplicated spinal fracture.

Two cases of post-traumatic syringomyelia presenting 10 and 41 years after spinal injuries that had caused lumbar vertebral fractures but no lasting neurological deficits are reported. In both patients the caudal end of the syrinx cavities, as shown by MRI, corresponded to the level of the previous vertebral fractures. Patients presenting with post-traumatic syringomyelia after uncomplicated spinal fracture are very rare, and the significance of the past history of spinal trauma may be overlooked.

Drainage↗
PubMed1994

Birth injury as a causative factor of syringomyelia with Chiari type I deformity.

The epidemiology of syringomyelia with Chiari type I deformity was investigated with particular reference to perinatal problems. All subjects in our study were born by vaginal delivery and had a high incidence of perinatal accidents (abnormal presentations, birth injuries, and neonatal asphyxia). This study suggests that these may be strong causative factors for syringomyelia associated with Chiari type I deformity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Post-traumatic syringomyelia.

Post-traumatic syringomyelia was previously thought to be an infrequent but serious sequel to spinal cord injury. Clinical and CT studies have shown an incidence of between 1% and 5%, but more recently MRI has suggested an incidence of up to 22%. Twenty spinal cords have been examined after death from two days to 43 years after injury. Four had syrinxes, 20% of the series, approaching the incidence found by MRI. The acute and chronic pathological changes after trauma are described. Post-traumatic syringomyelia seems to develop from cores of necrotic tissue (myelomalacic cores) rather than lysis of haematoma. The mechanism of extension of syrinxes remains unexplained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Incidence, management, and outcome of post-traumatic syringomyelia. In memory of Mr Bernard Williams.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of clinically diagnosable post-traumatic syringomyelia (PTS). METHODS: A population of 815 consecutive patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries was studied between January 1990 and December 1992. RESULTS: Reviews of all records, full clinical evaluation, and thorough neurological examination of all patients disclosed 28 patients in whom PTS was confirmed radiologically (3.43%). The incidence of the presenting symptoms, including bladder dysfunction, is described. The level and density of cord lesion was correlated with incidence and it was found that posttraumatic syringomyelia was twice as common in patients with complete injuries than in patients with incomplete injuries. The highest incidence was found in patients with complete dorsal and complete dorsolumbar injuries. The interval between injury and diagnosis ranged from six months to 34 years (mean 8.6 years). This interval was shortest in patients with complete dorsal and incomplete cervical and dorsolumbar cord injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Reduction of the size of the syrinx seen on postoperative MRI correlated well with a satisfactory clinical outcome in 85% of patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Syringomyelia and hydromyelia: magnetic resonance evaluation.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of 13 proved cases of syringomyelia or hydromyelia and one case of myelomalacia is described. Most intramedullary cysts were evident on sagittal partial saturation recovery (PSR) images. One cyst containing viscous fluid was not demonstrated on PSR images, but was suggested on a sagittal spin echo image. The case of myelomalacia was indistinguishable from a syrinx on axial PSR and spin echo images. Not all cases of syringomyelia and hydromyelia had the typical MR appearance previously described in the literature. Atypical cysts, spinal cord degeneration, and tumors may have a similar appearance on MR.

Cysts↗
PubMed2000

Acute brainstem symptoms associated with cervical syringomyelia.

Syringomyelia classically presents with slowly progressing dissociated sensory and upper and lower motor deficits. Atypical and acute manifestations have rarely been described. We report here on 3 patients with syringomyelia, who had acute and atypical brainstem symptoms with regard to the underlying disease. These symptoms occurred after acute elevation of the intrathoracic and intra-abdominal pressure, respectively, and remitted subsequently. Vertebrobasilar ischemia was initially suspected.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2007

Syringomyelia in infants secondary to mobile congenital atlantoaxial dislocation.

We report a characteristic pattern of 'waist-like' syringomyelia observed in three infants having mobile and reducible congenital atlantoaxial dislocation. The syringomyelia in at least two of these cases was diagnosed to be an intramedullary tumor. Following atlantoaxial fixation, all three patients had long-term recovery of their symptoms.

Atlanto-Axial Joint↗