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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A reactor permitting injection and sampling for steady state studies of enzymatic reactions at high pressure: tests with aspartate transcarbamylase.

A high pressure reactor for steady state studies of enzymes is described. It allows injection, stirring, and sampling without release of the pressure (up to at least 400 MPa). Thus, either substrate or enzyme can be injected to initiate an enzyme-catalyzed reaction whose progress can then be followed by measurements on samples taken from the reactor. The dead time of sampling is 10-15 s, which allows reactions with pseudo-first-order rate constants smaller than about 1 min-1 to be monitored. It can be used for any enzymatic reaction; unlike previously described high pressure apparatus, it is not limited to the study of enzymes whose activity can be directly followed by spectrophotometry. The use and reliability of this reactor is demonstrated by tests with aspartate transcarbamylase. The activity of this enzyme is enhanced by pressures of the order of 120 MPa.

Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase↗
PubMed1984

Primary amines and chloroquine inhibit cytotoxic responses to Shigella toxin and permit late antibody rescue of toxin treated cells.

The effect of lysosomotrophic agents and primary amine inhibitors of transglutaminase on Shigella toxin activity in HeLa cells was determined by measuring cytotoxicity and late antibody rescue. All agents tested resulted in significant antibody rescue, but only ammonium chloride, dansylcadaverine, putrescine, bacitracin, serine/borate buffer, and chloroquine were inhibitory in the absence of added antibody. These compounds appear to be acting within the endocytic vacuole and/or inhibiting translocation of toxin from the cell surface to the cytosol. These data are consistent with a mechanism of translocation of ST from the cell surface to the cytosol by the process of receptor mediated endocytosis.

Amines↗
PubMed1987

A bacteriophage transcription terminator permits the cloning of a mammalian expression vector carrying the human preprorenin gene in E. coli.

We constructed a plasmid-based expression vector carrying the murine metallothionein gene promoter, the human preprorenin gene, the Tn5 neomycin phosphotransferase II gene, and a complete bovine papilloma virus genome. We were unsuccessful in cloning the preprorenin gene in E. coli when it was inserted into a plasmid vector 3' to the metallothionein gene promoter. This result was consistent with our previous data suggesting that expression of the preprorenin gene is toxic to E. coli (Weighous, T.F. et al; (1986) Gene 45: 121-129). We then inserted a DNA fragment from bacteriophage lambda carrying the t1 transcriptional terminator between the promoter and the preprorenin gene; this vector was stably maintained in E. coli. Prior to introducing the vector DNA into mouse cells for expression studies the terminator was removed. Mouse cells carrying the vector DNA secreted high levels of human prorenin for greater than six weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Bicuculline permits the induction of long-term depression by heterosynaptic, translaminar conditioning in the hippocampal dentate gyrus.

Using intact, urethane-anesthetized albino rats, we examine long-term depression (LTD) of the ipsilateral medial entorhinal cortical (MEC) response in the dentate gyrus (DG) that is induced by conditioning of the ipsilateral lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC). Although the LEC-DG response potentiates, conditioning the LEC induces little or no LTD of the MEC-DG response. However, bicuculline methiodide, and the correlated presence of population spikes, enable the LEC input to induce LTD of the MEC-DG response. This result suggests that inhibition can control the selectivity of translaminar interactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Nanoparticles, a drug carrier system to pass the blood-brain barrier, permit central analgesic effects of i.v. dalargin injections.

The Leu-enkephalin dalargin does not normally penetrate the blood brain barrier when given intravenously. Drug targeting to the brain was investigated by using poly(butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles which were coated with polysorbate 80. When injected intravenously in mice, dalargin-loaded nanoparticles coated with the polysorbate 80 induced an analgesic effect at doses of 5.0 mg/kg and 7.5 mg/kg dalargin as shown by hindlimb licking on the hot plate. Neither the intravenous injection of dalargin alone at various doses nor the mixture of dalargin-loaded nanoparticles without the polysorbate 80 were able to induce an analgesic activity. This confirms previous observations that nanoparticles provide a convenient method to deliver drugs across the blood-brain barrier.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1977

New sphenoidal electrode assembly to permit long-term monitoring of the patient's ictal or interictal EEG.

A new sphenoidal wire electrode is described which greatly increases the clinical and diagnostic usefulness of sphenoidal electrode recordings. These very fine wire electrodes are easy to insert; they are comfortable and acceptable to the patient. In contrast to sphenoidal needle electrodes they expose the patient to no risk should he have a seizure during recording. These electrodes also allow one to extend the recording time to several days, thus increasing the chances of recording a spontaneous seizure, for instance while the patient's EEG is being recorded with a telemetry system. The extended recording time also allows for continuous automatic sampling of the interictal EEG over a period of several days. The quality and the reliability of the EEG record are also enhanced. The new sphenoidal electrodes have been used on over 100 patients and are now being used routinely on suspected temporal lobe epileptics recorded with conventional techniques, while 50 of the patients have also been recorded with a cable-telemetry seizure monitoring system which has captured 65 spontaneous seizures.

Electrodes, Implanted↗