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Results for “Ophthalmodynamometry”

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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The visual response to increased ocular blood flow in normal pressure glaucoma.

The vascular reactivity to breathing carbon dioxide represents a widely used method in neurology to diagnose microvascular cerebral disorders. Fifteen eyes of 15 patients suffering from confirmed normal pressure glaucoma were included in the study. The ocular carbon dioxide reactivity was determined by recording ocular pulse amplitudes (OPA) by means of oculo-oscillo-dynamography (OODG). The initial pulse amplitudes were found to be comparable to healthy subjects. According to the results obtained during breathing increased carbon dioxide concentrations (95% O2; 5% CO2; endtidal CO2 approx. 6.5%), the collective of 15 patients could be subdivided into two subgroups. One group (n = 9) showed a carbon dioxide reactivity that was comparable to healthy subjects, i.e., an increase of ocular pulse amplitudes of 57%. The remaining six eyes, however, showed a statistically significantly higher OPA increase compared to the first subgroup. According to the results obtained and to evaluate the hypothesis that these hemodynamic changes are accompanied by functional improvements, central visual fields were performed during breathing room air or increased inspiratory carbon dioxide concentrations. After exposure to carbon dioxide the visual fields improved significantly in patients who showed a significant increase in OPA. An increased carbon dioxide reactivity in some normal pressure glaucoma patients, i.e., a significant increase of OPA and a significant improvement of the central visual field during exposure to increased inspiratory carbon dioxide concentrations, may be due to an initial ocular vasospasm in these patients, which can be released by induced vasodilation due to carbon dioxide exposure.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Non-invasive diagnosis of carotid stenoses: results of some methods of investigation.

In this paper the results are presented of four 'first-generation' non-invasive methods of diagnosing carotid stenosis. They are given in the form of ROC curves, showing the dynamic relationship between their sensitivity and specificity. For the interpretation of the combined results of different methods the consecutive application of the rule of Bayes is used. Proceeding from an estimated pre-test probability of 40%, a post-test probability of the disease can be calculated. This depends on a particular combination of positive or negative test results and can range from highly probable to (99%) extremely improbable (1%).

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed2006

Ophthalmodynamometric differences between ischemic vs nonischemic retinal vein occlusion.

PURPOSE: To estimate the central retinal vein pressure in patients with ischemic vs nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). DESIGN: Prospective clinical observational comparative study. METHODS: The study included 28 patients with CRVO, either of the ischemic type (n = 7) or the nonischemic type (n = 21). The control group consisted of 38 subjects without retinal disease. A new ophthalmodynamometer consisting of a Goldmann contact lens fitted with a pressure sensor into the holding grip of the contact lens, was used to indirectly estimate the central retinal artery and vein pressure. RESULTS: Central retinal vein pressure was significantly higher in the ischemic CRVO group than in the nonischemic CRVO group (91.5 +/- 30.1 arbitrary units vs 52.4 +/- 32.5 arbitrary units; P = .014), in which it was significantly (P < .001) higher than in the control group (4.8 +/- 8.1 arbitrary units). Central retinal vein pressure was higher than the diastolic central retinal artery pressure significantly (P = .039) more frequently in the ischemic CRVO group (7/7 or 100%) than in the nonischemic CRVO group (8/21 or 38%) or the control group (0/38; P < .001). Central retinal artery pressure was significantly (P = .017) lower in the ischemic CRVO group (46.0 +/- 10.6 arbitrary units) than in the nonischemic CRVO group (64.5 +/- 22.8 arbitrary units), in which it was significantly (P = .016) lower than in the control group (79.9 +/- 22.3 arbitrary units). CONCLUSIONS: Ophthalmodynamometric estimation of the retinal vein pressure may be helpful for the differentiation between the ischemic vs nonischemic type of CRVO. In the ischemic type, vein pulsations were usually observed at supradiastolic arterial values.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Retinal venous pulsation in glaucoma and glaucoma suspects.

PURPOSE: To determine whether changes in central retinal vein pulsation characteristics occur in glaucoma, and how these are related to indices of glaucoma severity. DESIGN: A large, consecutive, prospective, case-controlled study. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-four consecutive glaucoma patients and 105 glaucoma suspects seen in a tertiary referral clinic were examined. Forty-one age-matched normal subjects also were examined. METHODS: The presence or absence of spontaneous venous pulsation was observed in these 3 groups. The ophthalmodynamometric force (ODF) required to induce venous pulsation at the optic disc was measured in those without spontaneous pulsation. Optic disc photographs were obtained and visual field testing was performed for all subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The prevalence of spontaneous venous pulsation between these 3 groups was compared. The relationship between ODF and visual field mean deviation, neuroretinal rim area, age, intraocular pressure (IOP), gender, and diagnosis of glaucoma was investigated using linear mixed models fitted by Gibb's sampling. RESULTS: Significantly fewer (chi-square, 27.7; P<0.001) glaucoma patients (54%) were observed to have spontaneous venous pulsation than suspects (75%) or normals (98%). A worse visual field mean deviation was shown to be the most significant predictor of a higher ODF (P<0.000), with younger age (P<0.000) also predictive of a higher ODF. A strong relationship between ODF and mean deviation was found in the glaucoma patients (r = 0.59; n = 52; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous venous pulsation is less common in glaucoma. The ODF required to induce venous pulsation is increased in glaucoma, and this ODF is greater in those with more severe field loss.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Ophthalmodynamometric diagnosis of unilateral ischemic ophthalmopathy.

PURPOSE: To describe a patient presenting with typical signs of vascular occlusive retinopathy. DESIGN: Observational case report. METHODS: A 65-year-old man experienced painless unilateral loss of vision to 4/20 in his left eye. Ophthalmoscopy of the left eye showed pronounced attenuation of the retinal arterioles, ischemic retinal edema, and a few intraretinal hemorrhages. Fluorescein angiography revealed a diffusely reduced retinal perfusion typical of retinal occlusive disease. Using a new ophthalmodynamometer with a pressure sensor at the mounting support of a conventional Goldmann contact lens, we additionally measured the diastolic central retinal artery collapse pressure. RESULTS: The diastolic central retinal artery collapse pressure was significantly lower in the left eye than in the right eye (14.7 +/- 2.4 relative units vs 51.7 +/- 4.3 relative units; P <.001). Both values were significantly (P =.03) lower than those in a control group (80.9 +/- 6.9 relative units). Doppler sonography revealed a total occlusion of the left carotid artery and a nonrelevant stenosis of the right carotid artery. CONCLUSIONS: A new ophthalmodynamometric device consisting of a pressure sensor at the mounting support of a Goldmann contact lens was helpful in detecting carotid artery occlusion leading to ischemic ophthalmopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Influence of panretinal photocoagulation on the ocular pulse curve.

PURPOSE: To study the ocular pulsation amplitude (an indicator of choroidal circulation) and systolic ophthalmic artery pressure after panretinal photocoagulation. METHODS: Prospectively, in 10 patients with diabetes mellitus (eight with type II and two with type I; mean age, 64 years) and severe, hitherto untreated, bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy, we performed intensive, unilateral panretinal photocoagulation with 1,500 argon laser burns (spot size, 500 microm) in two sessions (interval, 3 weeks). Before and (in 3-week intervals) up to 9 weeks after treatment, we recorded ocular pulse curves using oculo-oscillodynamography and determined each patient's ocular pulsation amplitude and systolic ophthalmic artery pressure. RESULTS: Compared with the untreated contra-lateral eyes, panretinal photocoagulation led to a reduction of ocular pulsation amplitude. Three weeks after the first coagulation, the reduction averaged 20%. Maximum reduction was found 9 weeks after onset of treatment (6 weeks after the second coagulation) and amounted to 29.9%. The differences between photocoagulated and untreated eyes were highly significant on average (P < .01; analysis of variance) as well as for time course (P < .001). Systolic ophthalmic artery pressure was not changed significantly during panretinal photocoagulation follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Ocular pulsation amplitude is determined by the cardiac cycle-related intraocular volume changes that depend predominantly on choroidal blood flow. The morphologic substrate is probably choriocapillary closure after photocoagulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Varix of the vortex ampulla.

In five patients, extreme gaze resulted in the appearance and expansion of a lesion located at the site of a venous vortex ampulla. The dimensions and color of the lesion varied depending upon the direction and duration of gaze. The lesion expanded when the head was positioned below the level of the heart and when a Valsalva maneuver was performed, even when the primary position of gaze was maintained. The lesion rapidly detumesced and disappeared when the head was elevated, digital pressure was exerted on the globe, or gaze was directed elsewhere. Fluorescein angiography confirmed that this tumefaction originated from the venous vortex ampulla. These dynamic features observed ophthalmoscopically and demonstrated by ultrasonography are characteristic of the vortex ampulla varix; the lesion should not be confused with a malignancy.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Slit-lamp beamsplitter for two stereoscopic views.

A double binocular beamsplitter, compatible with Zeiss optics, splits the light from each optical train of a slip-lamp microscope to provide an observer the exact stereoscopic view of the examiner. It has advantages in teaching slit-lamp examination techniques. Further, in surgery at the slit lamp, it allows the observer to function as an assistant and the surgeon to have both hands free.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1995

Cross-filling of circle of Willis and carotid stenosis by angiography, duplex ultrasound, and oculopneumoplethysmography.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the filling of the Circle of Willis on preoperative arteriograms and to correlate this observation with the results of oculopneumoplethysmography (OPG) and severity of carotid stenosis as determined by duplex ultrasonography and angiography. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety-five patients underwent OPG, duplex ultrasonography, and selective carotid and vertebral arteriography. RESULTS: In all, 45 (88%) patients with a positive OPG had interhemispheric cross-filling of the middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery from a contralateral carotid injection in contrast with 10 (23%) patients with a negative OPG (P < 0.001). Of patients with carotid stenosis > or = 80% on duplex ultrasound, 39 (91%) had cross-filling from a contralateral carotid injection in contrast with 16 (31%) patients with < 80% stenosis (P < 0.001). Of patients with carotid stenosis > or = 80% on arteriogram, 37 (90%) had cross-filling from a contralateral carotid injection in contrast with 18 (33%) patients with < 80% stenosis (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the Circle of Willis is frequently incompetent as a collateral pathway and that arteriographic cross-filling is not a reliable index of this pathway. Patients with a positive OPG and corresponding carotid stenosis are likely to have a physiologically incompetent collateral pathway. Perhaps these patients should undergo surgery, even if the stenosis is less than 80%.

Adult↗