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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Multicolor FISH and cytometric analyses allow classification of urothelial carcinomas into two subtypes, low- and high-grade tumors.

The biological behaviors of urothelial carcinomas are linked roughly to histological grade, but there are many cases whose precise classification is difficult. In addition, it remains unclear whether there are differences in the types of genetic changes between low- and high-grade urothelial carcinomas. Fifty-seven biopsy specimens of urothelial carcinomas and 9 control urothelial specimens were examined by four-color FISH with centromere-specific probes for chromosomes 3, 7, and 17, and a locus-specific probe for 9p21 that covers p16INK4a and p15INK4b. Nuclear DNA ploidy was determined with laser scanning cytometry (LSC). FISH and LSC data allowed us to classify urothelial cancers into two groups. Tumors in one group showed minimal intercellular variation in centromere copy numbers and DNA diploidy, and these tumors were histologically comparable to low-grade (grades I and II) tumors. In contrast, tumors in the other group showed a large intercellular variation in centromere copy numbers and DNA aneuploidy, suggesting chromosomal instability. These tumors were all high-grade (grades II and III) tumors. Numerical abnormalities of 9p21 signals were detected in all cancers; this variation in 9p21 signals was also associated with histological grade. The present findings suggest that the pathogenetic pathways are different between low- and high-grade carcinomas. High-grade tumors are characterized by chromosomal instability, whereas low-grade carcinomas are not.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Quantitative histology by multicolor slide-based cytometry.

BACKGROUND: In lymphatic organs, the quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution of leukocytes by tissue cytometry would give relevant information about altercations during diseases (leukemia, HIV, AIDS) and their therapeutic regime, as well as in experimental settings. METHODS: We have developed a semiautomated analysis method for laser scanning cytometry (LSC) termed "multiple thresholding," which is suitable for archived or fresh biopsy material of human lymph nodes and tonsils. Sections are stained with PI for nuclear DNA and up to four antigens using direct and indirect immunofluorescence (argon laser, Ar) or on specific cell labeling. Due to the heterogeneity of cell density, measurements are performed repeatedly at different threshold levels (low threshold: regions of low cellular density, germinal center; high threshold: dense regions, mantle zone). Data are acquired by single-(Ar) or dual-laser excitation (Ar-HeNe) in order to analyze single-(FITC) up to fourcolor (FITC/PE/PECy5/APC) stained specimen. RESULTS: Percentage and cellular density of cell-subsets is quantified in different microanatomical regions of the specimen. These data were highly correlated with manual scoring a identical specimens (r(2) = 0.96, P < 0.0001). With LSC, semiautomated operator-independent immunophenotyping in tissue sections of lymphatic organs with up to three antibodies simultaneously is possible. CONCLUSIONS: We expect this tissue cytometric approach to yield new insight into processes during diseases and help to quantify the success of therapeutic interventions.

Automation↗
PubMed2005

[The establishment and clinical application of multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a rapid and convenient method of multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on several different tissue samples: peripheral blood samples, amniotic fluid, embryos and bone marrow samples. METHODS: FISH analysis was carried out on different tissue samples, using probes specific for chromosomes 13,18,21,X and Y or for BCR/ABL gene. RESULTS: FISH analysis could reveal hybridization signals on metaphase chromosomes and interphase nuclei, it is also possible to detect chromosome aberrations. CONCLUSION: Multi-color FISH is clinically useful tool, which can be used as an adjunct to conventional chromosome analysis for prenatal diagnosis , preimplantation genetic diagnosis and diagnosis of leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Developing of a new multicolor-fluorescent labeled STR amplification kit].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a PCR-based STR system for genotyping of 18 loci (Amelogenin, D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D16S539, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D7S820, D2S1338, D19S433, D12S391 and D19S253). METHODS: By using primers labeled with four color fluorescent (FAM, HEX, TAMRA and ROX), two multiplex amplification reaction systems were developed to genotype Amelogenin and 17 STR loci. RESULTS: Amelogenin and these 17 STR loci were genotyped successfully in different kinds of biological samples by the kit. CONCLUSION: The STR amplification kit developed in our study gives a new approach to genotype these 18 loci in a efficient, steady and reliable way.

Alleles↗
PubMed2005

Polychromasia capsulare (multicolored capsule): report of three families.

PURPOSE: To describe the familial occurrence of a peripheral ring of anterior lens capsule discoloration and iridescence in three families. METHODS: Clinical ophthalmologic examination with visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and dilated ophthalmoscopy. Pedigree construction and evaluation for possible mode(s) of inheritance. RESULTS: In family 1, 25 members from four generations were available for examination. Twelve had identical findings consisting of a peripheral circumferential polychromatic band of anterior lens capsule. The band was predominantly iridescent green but exhibited a rainbow of colors on direct illumination with the slit-lamp beam. There were affected individuals in all four generations. The proband, one of her sons, and her granddaughter had no clinical, serologic, or other laboratory evidence of Wilson's disease, hypercupremia, or myotonic dystrophy. In family 2, three individuals in three generations were similarly affected. In family 3, a man and his son and daughter had identical peripheral lens capsule discoloration. CONCLUSIONS: Polychromasia capsulare is a rare benign autosomal dominant ocular trait that does not appear to be associated with ophthalmologic or systemic disease. The occurrence in consecutive generations and the presence of male-to-male transmission are consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Identification and comparison of CD34-positive cells and their subpopulations from normal peripheral blood and bone marrow using multicolor flow cytometry.

Four-color flow cytometry was used with a cocktail of antibodies to identify and isolate CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors from normal human peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM). Mature cells that did not contain colony forming cells were resolved from immature cells using antibodies for T lymphocytes (CD3), B lymphocytes (CD20), monocytes (CD14), and granulocytes (CD11b). Immature cells were subdivided based on the expression of antigens found on hematopoietic progenitors (CD34, HLA-DR, CD33, CD19, CD45, CD71, CD10, and CD7). CD34+ cells were present in the circulation in about one-tenth the concentration of BM (0.2% v 1.8%) and had a different spectrum of antigen expression. A higher proportion of PB-CD34+ cells expressed the CD33 myeloid antigen (84% v 43%) and expressed higher levels of the pan leukocyte antigen CD45 than BM-CD34+ cells. Only a small fraction of PB-CD34+ cells expressed CD71 (transferrin receptors) (17%) while 94% of BM-CD34+ expressed CD71+. The proportion of PB-CD34+ cells expressing the B-cell antigens CD19 (10%) and CD10 (3%) was not significantly different from BM-CD34+ cells (14% and 17%, respectively). Few CD34+ cells in BM (2.7%) or PB (7%) expressed the T-cell antigen CD7. CD34+ cells were found to be predominantly HLA-DR+, with a wide range of intensity. These studies show that CD34+ cells and their subsets can be identified in normal PB and that the relative frequency of these cells and their subpopulations differs in PB versus BM.

Adult↗