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PubMed2004

Combination surgical lifting with ablative laser skin resurfacing of facial skin: a retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous aging is manifested by rhytides, dyschromias, and skin laxity. Ablative laser skin resurfacing can effectively improve many signs of skin aging; however, the photoaged patient with facial laxity often requires a surgical lifting procedure in order to obtain optimal results. Concerns with delayed or impaired wound healing has led to reluctance to perform both procedures simultaneously. OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical results and side effect profiles after concomitant surgical facial lifting procedures and ablative carbon dioxide or erbium:YAG laser resurfacing in a series of patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis and chart review was performed in 34 consecutive patients who underwent combination CO(2) or erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing and surgical lifting procedures, including S-lift rhytidectomy, blepharoplasty, and brow lift. Side effects and complication rates were tabulated. RESULTS: The side effect profile of the combined surgical-laser procedures was similar to that reported after a laser-only procedure. The most common side effect was transient hyperpigmentation which occurred in 20.6% of treated patients. None of the patients experienced delayed reepithelialization, skin necrosis, or prolonged healing times. CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent laser skin resurfacing and surgical lifting of facial skin maximizes aesthetic results without increased incidence of adverse effects. Patients benefit from the consolidation of anesthesia and convalescent times as well as enhanced global clinical outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Novel face-lift suspension suture and inserting instrument: use of large anchors knotted into a suture with attached needle and inserting device allowing for single entry point placement of suspension suture. Preliminary report of 20 cases with 6-to 12-month follow-up.

BACKGROUND: Various suspension suture techniques exist to elevate the mid-face, jowls, and neck. OBJECTIVE: To assess safety and efficacy of a new suspension suture and inserting instrument with both standard and minimal incision (no-skin-excision) face-lifts. METHODS: A new type of multianchor suspension suture assembled from commercially available 2-0 absorbable monofilament material, with 5 to 9 equally spaced knots through which are secured 7 to 9 mm bits of 0 thickness similar suture material, and an attached straightened needle, was used to elevate and suspend facial tissues to temporal or mastoid fascia. The suspension sutures are placed in the deep subcutaneous tissues, just above the superficial musculo aponeurotic system (SMAS), by use of a novel, blunt instrument, which does not require a second, distal exit point. The suspension suture distal end floats free. The proximal needle end is sutured to fascia. The suture was used on 20 patients. Fourteen of them underwent pure, "no-skin-excision," suspension lifts. Six had suspension suture elevation of the mid-face in conjunction with relatively conservative open lifts. Nine- to 12-month results were evaluated. RESULTS: With open face-lifts, 9- to 12-month results are excellent with significant persistence of the correction initially achieved. Resulting scars remained fine line. There were no complications. With pure suspension lifts, initial results were impressive. By 6 months, correction started to fade. By 12 months 100% of initial correction for jowls, and 80 to 100% for mid-face, appeared lost. Recovery time was 2 to 4 days. There were no significant complications. CONCLUSION: Large multianchor, absorbable monofilament sutures can safely and effectively enhance results of conservative lifts, with remarkable elevation of the mid-face not achievable with simple SMAS flaps. These suspension sutures can easily and safely achieve impressive, though relatively short-term results, with a minimal incision, "no-skin-excision" technique.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Metabolic, cardiovascular, and respiratory factors in the development of fatigue in lifting tasks.

Three well-trained male subjects served as volunteers in these experiments to examine the physiological capacity for extended work during lifting tasks. The maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) during lifting was always lower than work on the bicycle ergometer. However, the work load during lifting which could be maintained for 1--4 h was 50% of the VO2max for lifting each specific weight of box; the limit for lifting light boxes without fatigue was at an oxygen uptake of about 25% of the VO2max obtained from bicycle ergometry. Significant fatigue in the forearm muscles was found during prolonged lifting as assessed from the endurance of isometric contractions and from the surface electromyogram (EMG), and was more pronounced as the weight of the box increased.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Lift mechanics of downhill skiing and snowboarding.

PURPOSE: This study is conducted to develop a simplified mathematical model to describe the lift mechanics of downhill skiing and snowboarding, where the lift contributions due to both the transiently trapped air and the compressed solid phase (snow crystals) are determined. To our knowledge, this is the first time that anyone has attempted to realistically estimate the relative contribution of the transiently trapped air to the total lift in skiing and snowboarding. METHODS: The model uses Shimizu's empirical relation to predict the local variation in Darcy permeability due to the compression of the solid phase. The forces and moments on the skier or snowboarder are used to predict the angle of attack of the planing surface, the penetration depth at the leading edge, and the shift in the center of pressure for two typical snow types, fresh and wind-packed snow. We present numerical solutions for snowboarding and asymptotic analytic solutions for skiing for the case where there are no edging or turning maneuvers. The force and moment balance are then used to develop a theory for control and stability in response to changes in the center of mass as the individual shifts his/her weight. RESULTS: Our model predicts that for fine-grained, windpacked snow that when the velocity (U) of the snowboarder or skier is 20 m.s, approximately 50% of the total lift force is generated by the trapped air for snowboarding and 40% for skiing. For highly permeable fresh powder snow, the lift contribution from the pore air pressure drops substantially. CONCLUSION: This paper develops a new theoretical framework for analyzing the lift mechanics and stability of skis and snowboards that could have important applications in future ski and snowboard design.

Air↗
PubMed1997

An uplifting experience? Hospital passenger lifts and their suitability for disabled people.

Hospitals should be welcoming places, and disabled people should not expect difficulties when using a hospital's facilities. For some elderly and disabled people the passenger lift may be the only means of vertical movement within a building. We visited four hospitals and inspected their passenger lifts for use by disabled and elderly people. We compared our findings with those of an "ideal lift' drawn from recommendations by disabled support groups, National Health Services Estates Department and building regulations. We found that most hospital passenger lifts are inadequate for those with mobility, visual and hearing impairments. Consequently, disabled and elderly people might have problems using hospital passenger lifts, with a subsequent loss of independence. The provision of well-designed and accessible passenger lifts is central to imaginative hospital building design.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recutting the cornea versus lifting the flap: comparison of two enhancement techniques following laser in situ keratomileusis.

PURPOSE: To evaluate enhancement techniques following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: Recutting was performed on 263 eyes and the flap was lifted in 55 eyes that had LASIK for simple myopia or myopic astigmatism. The time interval between LASIK and retreatment was 340+/-46 days (range, 270 to 892 days) in the recutting group and 215+/-36 days (range, 53 to 617 days) in the flap lifting group. Mean spherical equivalent refraction, refractive cylinder, uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity were examined prior to, and 1, 3, and 6 months after retreatment. RESULTS: Seventeen eyes were lost to follow-up in the lifting group and 53 eyes in the recutting group. In the recutting group, mean spherical equivalent refraction improved from -1.48+/-1.25 D to -0.49+/-0.88 D at 6 months. In the flap lifting group, mean spherical equivalent refraction improved from -1.05+/-1.49 D to -0.45+/-0.39 D at 6 months. Refractive cylinder did not change significantly in either group (P = .2). There was a significant increase in uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 6/6 in each group. In the recutting group, UCVA of 6/6 increased from 3.8% to 65.2% at 6 months, and in the lifting group from 3.6% to 71.1% at 6 months. In the recutting group, seven free flaps and three macerated flaps that required removal occurred. One eye in the recutting group and two in the lifting group developed significant epithelial ingrowth. No patient lost more than one line of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA). CONCLUSION: Both procedures were safe, effective, and highly predictable for enhancements, but flap complications may be more likely with recutting.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of fork-lift truck driving on low-back trouble.

In a population of 240 male fork-lift truck drivers who drove at least 4 h daily, the occurrence of low-back trouble was studied in relation to that of two reference groups. The participation rate of the fork-lift truck drivers was 88%. The responses to a questionnaire concerning low-back trouble were reviewed. Among the fork-lift truck drivers, a statistically significant higher occurrence of low-back trouble was reported for the year preceding the study, in comparison, according to age, to that of a reference group of 399 working men (65 against 47%); however, there was no significantly increased frequency when compared to that of a reference group of 66 unskilled male workers (65 against 51%). The fork-lift truck drivers had a significantly higher rate of absence from work within the previous year due to low-back trouble than the two reference groups (22% compared to 7 and 9%). These findings were confirmed during the follow-up year. A correlation was found between length of employment as a fork-lift truck driver and the occurrence of low-back trouble within the preceding year. It was concluded that fork-lift truck driving may be a contributory cause for low-back trouble.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A comparison between subgaleal and subperiosteal brow lifts.

The author has thought for a long time that the endoscopic subperiosteal brow lift has a better long-term result than the bicoronal subgaleal brow lift; therefore, he stopped doing subgaleal bicoronal brow lifts in 1995 in favor of the endoscopic subperiosteal approach. To discover if this impression could be objectively verified, the author undertook a retrospective study of 120 patients who had a brow lift. They were divided into four groups, depending on the type of operation, and were compared with each other by means of a new digitalized analyzing tool. Measurements of the vertical height from the midpupil to the top of the brow, from the medial canthus to the top of the brow, and from the lateral canthus to the top of the brow were made. Preoperative measurements were compared with postoperative measurements taken after 1 year. No significant difference existed between the preoperative and postoperative values in the patients who had a subgaleal brow lift. In the patients who had a subperiosteal brow lift, there was a mean increase of 7 mm in the vertical height of the brow 1 year after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The S-lift facelift featuring the U-suture and O-suture combined with skin resurfacing.

BACKGROUND: A short-flap S-lift may be helpful for minor jowling or submental laxity in cases of early facial ptosis, revision facelifts, or where skin resurfacing is combined with neck lifting. OBJECTIVE: To develop a safe and effective method to lift the jowl either as a single procedure or combined with other rejuvenation methods. METHODS: After the induction of monitored anesthesia care the skin resurfacing is completed, if necessary, and the submental and lateral S-lift incisions are marked next to the tragus. The submental area is hydrodissected with modified tumescent solution. After a 15-minute waiting period, the submental area is debulked with small spatula cannulas using reduced pressure liposuction. Often the platysma bands are tied together with a running locked suture. The right cheek area is hydrodissected and debulked in a similar fashion. A 3-4 cm flap is elevated. If necessary, further blunt dissection is passed through the anterior mandible ligament and the nasolabial fold. Care is taken to keep the skin trabeculae intact. The SMAS is plicated with a U-shaped and O-shaped purse-string suture. Following this tightening of the subcutaneous tissue, the skin is closed with a double-layer closure. The face is dressed in two layers of tube gauze. Sutures are removed in 7-9 days. RESULTS: This S-lift gives a pleasing rejuvenation of the jowl and submental area. It is also possible to combine this procedure with other procedures such as corset platysmaplasty, skin resurfacing, fat augmentation, a browlift, or blepharoplasty. CONCLUSION: The S-lift provides a safe and effective method for rejuvenation of the early sagging face or for revision facelift.

Chemexfoliation↗
PubMed2006

[Discussion on reinforcing-reducing method by lifting and thrusting the needle and slow-rapid reinforcing-reducing method from the point of view of energy].

OBJECTIVE: To resolve the contradictory in expounding of reinforcing and reducing by lifting and thrustion the needle and slow-rapid reinforcing and reducing method. METHODS: In a certain condition,the relationship between the external force (the joint force of both the pressing on the force pressing on the needle and the force arresting the needle's moving) and the speed of needle's moving is deduced by means of kinetic energy theorem, so, when the needle is heavily thrust or lifted, the speed of its moving will be increased. CONCLUSION: In the reinforcing and reducing method by lifting and thrusting the needle, "heavily"and "gently" of heavily thrustiing and gently lifting or gently thrusting and heavily lifting should be considered as differences of the amplitudes of lifting and thrusting the needle; "slow-rapid" of slow-rapid reinforcing and reducing method should be considered as difference of the speeds.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed2006

Adhesiolysis in severe and reccurent cases of adhesions related disorder (ARD) - a novel approach utilizing lift (gasless) laparoscopy and SprayGel adhesion barrier.

We investigated the feasibility and outcome of adhesiolysis in patients with severe and reccurent adhesions using lift (gasless) laparoscopy and a SprayGel adhesion barrier at the Institute for Endoscopic Gynecology (EndoGyn). The design included a prospective evaluation of lift (gasless) laparoscopic adhesiolysis in combination with a SprayGel adhesion barrier. A new score for bowel adhesions was developed and applied. All 35 patients with severe and reccurent adhesions underwent a lift-laparoscopic adhesiolysis with the Abdo-Lift and SprayGel adhesion barrier, a second-look laparoscopy at Day 7 and, in case of continuation of pain, a third-look laparoscopy within 6 months after the initial surgery. All patients were operated upon without conversion to laparotomy. The reduction in the adhesion score of adhesions at the second-look laparoscopy was overall (sum) 89.8% (90.1% reduction in extent, 89.3% reduction in severity, and 89.9% reduction in grade). Five patients (14.3%) had a third-look laparoscopy within 6 months after the initial surgery, in which four cases of adhesion reformation were confirmed. However, the scores were reduced compared to the initial surgery, especially in grade (94.2%) and severity (93.2%). In these analyses, SprayGel was uniquely effective in improving the success rates of adhesiolysis when combined with lift (gasless) laparoscopy and good hemostasis techniques. Adhesiolysis with Abdo-Lift and SprayGel had unparalleled efficacy in the adhesiolysis procedure even in those patients in whom other solutions have not worked. An overall reduction of adhesions by 89.9% at second-look laparoscopy was found. Even if five patients (14.3%) required a third-look laparoscopy where four cases of adhesion reformation were confirmed, the scores were reduced when compared to the initial surgery, especially in grade and severity.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Lift outs: how to acquire a high-functioning team.

More and more, expanding companies are hiring high-functioning groups of people who have been working together effectively within one company and can rapidly come up to speed in a new environment. These lifted-out teams don't need to get acquainted with one another or to establish shared values, mutual accountability, or group norms; their long-standing relationships and trust help them make an impact very quickly. Of course, the process is not without risks: A failed lift out can lead to loss of money, opportunity, credibility, and even native talent. Boris Groysberg and Robin Abrahams studied more than 40 high-profile moves and interviewed team leaders in multiple industries and countries to examine the risks and opportunities that lift outs present. They concluded that, regardless of industry, nationality, or size of the team, a successful lift out unfolds over four consecutive, interdependent stages that must be meticulously managed. In the courtship stage, the hiring company and the leader of the targeted team determine whether the proposed move is, in fact, a good idea, and then define their business goals and discuss strategies. At the same time, the team leader discusses the potential move with the other members of his or her group to assess their level of interest and prepare them for the change. The second stage involves the integration of the team leader with the new company's top leadership. This part of the process ensures the team's access to senior executives-the most important factor in a lift out's success. Operational integration is the focus of the third stage. Ideally, teams will start out working with the same or similar clients, vendors, and industry standards. The fourth stage entails full cultural integration. To succeed, the lifted-out team members must be willing to re-earn credibility by proving their value and winning their new colleagues' trust.

Commerce↗
PubMed1991

Dynamic lifting capacity: the relationship between peak force and weight as an indicator of effort.

Quantification of lifting capacity has become a major component in clinical and occupational evaluations of people with or at risk for low back pain. The ideal test of maximum acceptable lifting would include an index of subject effort. Heart rate response appears to have significant limitations as an indicator of effort. In this study a device that records vertical lifting force measured peak force/weight ratios (PF/W) and differences (PF-W) for individual lifts. Seventeen men without low back pain lifted the device with progressively heavier loads. The PF/W, PF-W, and heart rate responses were compared at half-maximum and maximum effort levels. The PF/Ws were higher, while the PF-Ws and heart rate responses were lower during half-maximum efforts. As an indicator of subject effort, the relationship between peak force and weight may play a key role in isoinertial lifting evaluations.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Shoulder joint load and muscular activity during lifting.

The aim of this study was to investigate load on shoulder joint and muscles in healthy adults during four different ways of lifting a moderate burden (12.8 kg) from floor to table level. The methods used were surface electrode EMG with linear envelope, and calculation of loading moments of force using a static biomechanical model. The shoulder load at the beginning of the lift was lowest for the straight knee lift. The peak load occurred in the late phase of all lifts. On completion of the lift, load and activation were considerably lower when the subject was allowed to step forward before putting the box down. The most activated shoulder muscles were the anterior and lateral parts of the deltoid, and the serratus anterior. Around 80% of the shoulder load moment was caused by the weight of the burden. Some 75% of maximum shoulder strength was required for lifting the burden.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Concepts in face lifts. State of the art].

A brief review of the historical development of face-lifting is followed by a description of the current concepts in order to judge the general aspects of modern face-lifting better; composite face-lifting, sub-SMAS, extended face-lifting, video-assisted face-lifting, and laser-assisted skin rejuvenation are discussed in detail. The results show that there is no such thing as a general face-lift. Each of the methods described has a specific indication, but no longer under the general outdated aspect that the face should be "tightened". Rather, modern rhytidectomy should be understood as anatomical repositioning of ptotic soft tissue, especially the nasolabial fat pad. Individual problem zones must be included in the subtitle surgical strategy, which involves individualized techniques and weighing the benefits and risks.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed2006

Movement-based feedback may reduce spinal moments in male workers during lift and lowering tasks.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To assess if lifting performance can be modified and spine stresses reduced in workers who perform repetitive material-handling jobs in a warehouse environment via a novel real-time, movement-based feedback training protocol. METHOD: A pre-test/post-test group study design was used with a control group. Data were collected in a warehouse setting and analysed in a university setting. A convenience sample of 22 male warehouse employees was divided equally, based on height and weight, and assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group received real-time, performance-based auditory feedback from their calculated moments during lifting or lowering using an electromagnetic tracking system. The electromagnetic tracking system was used to measure the side-bending, flexion and rotation moments during six lifts under four different conditions. A series of repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVA) (one between (Group); one within (Time)) was performed on the average maximum moments from six lifting or lowering cycles for all three directions: side-bending, flexion and rotation. RESULTS: There were significant group x time interactions for the side-bending moment (p < 0.05) and the flexion moment (p < 0.05) but not the rotation moment (p > 0.05). Lower moments were found in the experimental group, which received the training and feedback, compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Real-time, auditory feedback combined with coaching during lifting or lowering tasks may be effective in the short term (six weeks) in reducing the average maximum side-bending and flexion moments in warehouse workers. Further research is needed to determine the long-term effects of this training protocol on low back injury rates.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1995

Loads in the spinal structures during lifting: development of a three-dimensional comprehensive biomechanical model.

Epidemiological studies have shown that loads imposed on the human spine during daily living play a significant role in the onset of low back pain. The loads applied to the lumbar spine are shared by a number of structures: muscles; posterior elements, including facets and ligaments; and the disc of a ligamentous motion segment. In vivo, it is not practical to determine forces in these structures using experimental techniques. Biomechanical models, based on an optimization technique of electromyographic activities of the trunk muscles, have been proposed to predict forces in the load transmitting structures. The mathematical models reported in the literature are based on information collected from a wide variety of sources, of which the subject that takes part in the experiment is only one. The present study describes techniques developed in our laboratory to collect from the subjects themselves all the data needed for the formulation of a biomechanical model. The results demonstrated that back lifting with 0 N (no load), 90 N, and 180 N in the hands created maximum external flexion moments respectively of 109.6 Nm, 137.9 Nm, and 161.7 Nm, at the L3-4 disc level. The corresponding external axial compression forces on the disc were 469.5 N, 511.8 N, and 601.5 N. The predicted disc compression varied from 3.4 to 5.0 times the body weight. In comparison to the static lifting mode, the dynamic lifting task caused an increase in the disc compression force ranging from 15.8% to 39.4% depending on the load being lifted (e.g., 3256 N for the dynamic mode vs. 2516 N for the static mode when the subject lifted 90 N). The salient features of the entire protocol developed by the authors and the need for further improvements are also presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Dissociated oxygen uptake response to an incremental intermittent repetitive lifting and lowering exercise in humans.

Five subjects performed a maximal exercise test of repetitive lifting and lowering, with a discontinuous protocol of incremental exercise (3 min) and relative rest (2 min). Exercise periods consisted of repetitive lifting and repetitive lifting and lowering at increasing movement frequencies. Relative rest periods consisted of ergometer cycling at a constant, low power output. An unexpected, dissociated, response of cardiovascular and pulmonary parameters was found: during relative rest, values for oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, pulmonary ventilation and tidal volume were significantly higher than during the preceding exercise periods, though exercise intensity was much lower. To our knowledge, such a response has not been reported in previous studies. Since the response could not be attributed to methodological or technical factors, it is hypothesized that the type of exercise itself impeded the optimal performance of the oxygen transporting system. The function of the pulmonary system could have been influenced by a high intra-abdominal pressure, the involvement of respiratory muscles in stabilizing trunk and head, a flexed trunk posture and the entrainment of respiratory frequency with movement frequency. More likely, the function of the cardiovascular system was hindered by a high blood pressure and high intramuscular pressures. Since this response occurred at low exercise intensities, optimal functioning of the cardiovascular and pulmonary system during daily activities of repetitive lifting and lowering could similarly be impeded. The hypotheses put forward could also explain the lower peak oxygen uptake reported during repetitive lifting, compared to running and cycling.

Adult↗