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Results for “LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS”

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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Premature atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a vasculitic disorder with potential for multisystem organ dysfunction. Among the organ systems affected is the cardiovascular system. Patients with SLE are prone to premature atherosclerosis; this premature atherosclerosis places the patient at risk for myocardial infarction with onset at a relatively young age. We present 4 patients with SLE who experienced myocardial infarction; these patients also experienced diagnostic and treatment delays because of their relatively young age at presentation. Relevant pathophysiology and diagnostic strategies are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Recent advance in genetics of systemic lupus erythematosus].

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototype systemic autoimmune disease and genetic component seems to play an important role in disease susceptibility. Studies from murine models have shown that about 30 loci are related to the disease. Meanwhile, 50 loci have been found in linkage to SLE in human genomic studies, especially 1q23-24, 1q41-42, 2q37, 4p16-15.2, 6p21-11 and 16q13. A lot of candidate genes contribute to the disease susceptibility and different combinations of genes at multiple loci in individual patient may result in the development of diverse clinical features.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Free tissue transfer in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a non-organ specific, autoimmune disease characterised by antinuclear antibodies and vasculitis. This may manifest itself with areas of cutaneous necrosis which may require extensive excision and reconstruction. Major areas of skin and soft tissue loss may require coverage with either local or microvascular free tissue transfer. This presents potential difficulties in patients with generalised vasculitis. We present the case of a professional cellist with extensive soft tissue loss in her dominant hand, successfully reconstructed with a free latissimus dorsi muscle flap, treated with peri- and postoperative anticoagulation and corticosteroids.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Immunotherapy of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a remarkably heterogeneous multisystem autoimmune disease. Improved understanding of the immunopathogenesis of this disorder over the past two decades is now being applied to therapy, with treatment being directed at specific immunological targets. This review will focus on both new uses for established therapies as well as on the introduction of novel agents. It is premature to claim that any one agent has superior efficacy to current therapies. However, the willingness of investigators supported by the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries to evaluate the efficacy and safety of new products in controlled clinical trials may provide answers.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. Research efforts of the last few years have mainly focused on basic molecular and cellular pathogenetic processes of the disease. Consequently, this paper reviews the etiopathogenetic hallmarks, such as impaired amount and presentation of nuclear antigens, production of antinuclear antibodies by T-cell-dependent B cell stimulation and organ damage by anti-dsDNA antibodies or immune complexes that are discussed at the present time. In summary, the hypothesis of a dysregulation of apoptotic cell clearance is strongly supported and broadly discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by abnormal activation and cell death signaling within the immune system. Activation, proliferation, or death of cells of the immune system are dependent on controlled reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) production and ATP synthesis in mitochondria. The mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Delta(Psi)m) reflects the energy stored in the electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which in turn is used by F0F1-ATPase to convert adenosine 5'-diphosphate to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial hyperpolarization and transient ATP depletion represent early and reversible steps in T-cell activation and apoptosis. By contrast, T lymphocytes of patients with SLE exhibit elevated Delta(Psi)m, that is, persistent mitochondrial hyperpolarization, cytoplasmic alkalinization, increased ROI production, as well as diminished levels of intracellular glutathione and ATP. Oxidative stress affects signaling through the T-cell receptor as well as the activity of redox-sensitive caspases. ATP depletion may be responsible for diminished activation-induced apoptosis and sensitize lupus T cells to necrosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is identified as a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1998

[Biopathology of disseminated lupus erythematosus].

Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with a plethora of immunological abnormalities. First, there are antinuclear autoantibodies directed towards insoluble (mainly desoxyribonucleic acid, histones and nucleosomes) or soluble nuclear components (mainly Sm, RNP and Ro/SSA particles). There are then autoantibodies other than antinuclear, recognizing cells (erythrocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, endothelial cells), organelles (Golgi apparatus, ribosomes) or molecules (cardiolipids, C1q, stress proteins). Finally, there are immunological abnormalities other than autoantibodies, such as immune complexes, monoclonal immunoglobulins or complement variations. In fact the pathogenetic role of these perturbations remains a matter for speculation.

Antibodies, Anticardiolipin↗
PubMed1993

Cardiac tamponade in an adolescent female: an unusual manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affects approximately 0.6 children per 100,000. The disease is extremely rare in children under 5 years of age and is diagnosed predominantly in adolescent females. Children tend to present with more severe multisystem involvement than adults. Pericarditis occurs in approximately 25% of patients with SLE in all age groups. Progression to tamponade is extremely uncommon in the pediatric population. In the current report, an adolescent girl is diagnosed with SLE after presenting with signs and symptoms consistent with cardiac tamponade. A review of other pediatric patients with a similar presentation is also included.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with clinical manifestations involving a multitude of tissue sites. This article describes the pathophysiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, and therapy of SLE, and focuses mainly on drugs used in SLE treatment. The reader will be able to identify which pharmacologic agents are used in SLE and list the drugs that are useful for specific clinical manifestations. The reader will also be able to describe the common adverse drug reactions seen from SLE treatment and the potential risks involved with these therapies. Information on expected outcomes from drug therapy that will aid in monitoring patients receiving treatment for SLE is provided.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the archetypal autoimmune disease given its complex clinical and molecular manifestations. Like the other rheumatic diseases, appropriate management is critically dependent upon the proper assessment of disease activity, organ damage, and quality of life. Here, we describe the components of the comprehensive assessment of SLE, including accurate physical and laboratory diagnosis, monitoring of disease activity, recording of accumulated organ morbidity, and integration of these with the patient's own perceptions of health status and quality of life. In doing so, we will review the most appropriate laboratory tests and indices currently used in standard clinical care and in clinical research.

Disease Progression↗
PubMed1991

Pathogenic anti-DNA idiotype (16/6 Id) in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is regarded as a classical autoimmune disease. Despite this belief, no one has been able to induce the disease in naive animals, neither with DNA nor with anti-DNA antibodies. We report on the induction of SLE in BALB/c mice following immunization with a pathogenic anti-DNA idiotype (16/6 Id) or its anti-Id. We also report on a specific treatment with T suppressor cells specific for the 16/6 Id. The induction of SLE in naive mice with a pathogenic anti-DNA Id suggests an additional mechanism for the diversity of manifestations in this disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medication-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease affecting a variety of tissues and organs. The diagnosis of SLE can be made only after several related illnesses are considered and ruled out. The etiology of SLE is unclear, but hormonal factors, environmental toxins, infectious viruses, genetic predisposition, and certain medications have all been considered risk factors. Idiopathic SLE is seen predominantly in young women, with a female:male ratio of approximately 10:1. Each patient is unique and may suffer from a variety of signs and symptoms. The disease is highly unpredictable, and most patients experience flare-ups or fluctuations. The epidemiologic characteristics of medication-induced SLE (MI-SLE) are different from those of idiopathic SLE. Musculoskeletal symptoms predominate the clinical presentation of MI-SLE, while renal and central nervous system involvement is rare or absent. Moreover, a greater percentage of caucasian patients with no female predominance is evidenced in MI-SLE. Several medications can produce positive results on an antinuclear antibody test with or without evidence of clinical lupus. Hydralazine and procainamide are the most commonly recognized medications for inducing SLE. The onset of procainamide- and hydralazine-induced SLE occurs after 50 years of age, which is directly related to the age of the population using these medications. Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives and ibuprofen can exacerbate the symptoms of idiopathic SLE. Clinical judgment dictates the importance of careful patient monitoring and selection of therapy.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of acute pancreatitis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an auto-immune disease which can affect multiple organs. It may also involve the pancreas and in rare cases may cause acute pancreatitis. The etiology of acute pancreatitis in SLE is a matter of controversy. We present a case diagnosed with SLE that developed acute pancreatitis while being treated with corticosteroids. During the course of the disease, pancreatic pseudocysts developed and were treated by percutaneous drainage. There are few reports in the literature about the therapy of acute pancreatitis and percutaneous drainage of pseudocysts in SLE. We discuss the pathogenesis and therapy for acute pancreatitis in SLE patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Emerging concepts in the molecular pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a prototypic autoimmune disease that afflicts predominantly women during their child-bearing age. The disease is characterized by the production of autoantibodies and immune complexes in association with a diverse array of clinical manifestations. Investigation into the etiopathogenesis has been directed at identifying the genes that provide susceptibility to the disease, the complex cellular and cytokine aberrations and the biochemical abnormalities that are responsible for them. Understanding the immune cell signaling and gene transcription abnormalities will help us tailor new strategies for efficient biotherapy of the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Pancarditis as initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem disorder with cardiac involvement in about 50% of cases, yet clinically significant lesions are less common. SLE with pancarditis at initial presentation has so far not been reported. We present a rare case of SLE with culture negative endocarditis, reversible left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and mild pericardial effusion. Treatment with steroids showed improvement in cardiac contractile function and mitral valve vegetations disappeared over 3 months. In a case of pancarditis with culture negative endocarditis, SLE as a possibility must be explored. After excluding infective endocarditis, a short trial of high dose corticosteroids effects overall improvement in carditis of SLE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Mutation of DNASE1 in people with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a highly prevalent human autoimmune diseases that causes progressive glomerulonephritis, arthritis and an erythematoid rash. Mice deficient in deoxyribonuclease I (Dnase1) develop an SLE-like syndrome. Here we describe two patients with a heterozygous nonsense mutation in exon 2 of DNASE1, decreased DNASE1 activity and an extremely high immunoglobulin G titer against nucleosomal antigens. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that a direct connection exists between low activity of DNASE1 and progression of human SLE.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The selective value of computed tomography of the brain in cerebritis due to systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and steroid effects on the brain were measured by computed tomography (CT). Of 14 patients with SLE cerebritis, 10 (71%) had marked cortical atrophy and 4 (29%) minimal atrophy. None were normal by CT. Controls included 22 patients with SLE without cerebritis receiving corticosteroids; this group had normal CT scans in 16 (73%) and minimal cortical atrophy in the remaining 6 (27%). Follow-up CT on 5 patients with cerebritis was unchanged. CT of the brain is a minimally invasive technique for documenting SLE cerebritis. CT may also help differentiate cerebritis from the neuropsychiatric side effects of corticosteroids.

Adolescent↗