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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Cardiac studies using red blood cells labeled with Tc-99m in vivo with single intravenous injections--first pass technique, gating and blood pool scanning.

The investigations were carried out in 51 patients with different cardiovascular diseases using a gamma camera coupled to a computer. Pyrophosphate (Sn) injection followed by technetium-99m injection were administered through only one puncture of an antecubital vein. Tc-99m was given as a bolus and its passage through the cardiac cavities was recorded and ejection fraction and wall motion of left ventricle were estimated. It was observed that 10-30 min after Tc-99m injection a steady activity Tc-99m-labeled RBCs was maintained in the vascular bed which made possible evaluation of the motility of cardiac walls by the gating technique. Presence of labeled RBCs also permitted blood pool scans and spleen scans to be obtained. Cases investigated by this method for pericardial effusion and splenomegaly are described for illustration.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Analysis of the effects of intravenously injected capsaicin in the rat.

1. I.v. injection of 1 or 3 micrograms capsaicin led to a triphasic blood pressure response in Sprague-Dawley rats but, in contrast to Wistar rats, did not affect heart rate and respiration. The blood pressure response was a sequence of fall (A), return to normal levels or slight rise (B), and fall (C) in blood pressure. The blood pressure response to capsaicin remained unchanged after treatment with adrenoceptor or cholinoceptor antagonists. 2. The initial fall in blood pressure (A) was absent after bilateral vagotomy and in the pithed rat. The delayed fall in blood pressure (C) remained unchanged after vagotomy, but was absent after neonatal capsaicin pretreatment and in the pithed rat. Effect B was not diminished after vagotomy or despinalization: it was augmented in rats treated neonatally with capsaicin. 3. I.a. injection of capsaicin into the hind leg caused a reflex fall in blood pressure which was changed to a reflex rise in rats treated with capsaicin as neonates. 4. The initial and the delayed fall in blood pressure after i.v. injection of capsaicin seems to be reflex responses to stimulation of capsaicin-sensitive small diameter afferent fibres. The intermediate rise in blood pressure appears to result mainly from a direct short vasoconstriction by capsaicin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Pharmacokinetics of metapramine (19560 RP) in man after infusion and intravenous injection.

The time course of the plasma level metapramine following infusion at three different rates (1.18, 2.36 and 4.71 mg/h) has been studied in six healthy volunteers. The correlation coefficient of drug concentration and rate of infusion was 0.974 (alpha less than 0.001, n = 18). Plasma clearance, estimated from the steady-state level, varied from 68 to 1071/h. 3 subjects also received 35 mg of drug by i.v. bolus injection and plasma concentrations were determined at set times for up to 24 h. The plasma level of metapramine decreased tri-exponentially, with a terminal half-life of about 7.4 h. The plasma clearance after i.v. injection was in good agreement with that observed during the infusion study. Apparent volumes of distribution ranged from 41.9 to 90.31.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pharmacokinetics of (1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane)oxalatoplatinum(II) in comparison with cisplatin following a single intravenous injection in rabbits.

The pharmacokinetics of (1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane)oxalatoplatinum(II) (1-OHP, NSC-266046), a second-generation antitumor platinum complex, was studied in rabbits and compared with that of cisplatin. The rabbits were given a single i.v. dose of 1-OHP or cisplatin (10 mumol/kg). A comparison of tissue platinum levels at 24 h postinjection showed that platinum levels were lower in the eight organs examined, which included the kidney and liver, after the injection of 1-OHP than following cisplatin administration. Plasma-decay profiles of three platinum species, that is, the unchanged species, filterable platinum, and total platinum, were examined. Plasma levels of the unchanged species and filterable platinum for 1-OHP declined more rapidly than those for cisplatin. The ratio of plasma filterable-to-total platinum indicated that the protein-binding ability of 1-OHP was greater than that of cisplatin. As for urinary excretion, amounts of the unchanged species and total platinum excreted during the 24 h period postinjection were 28% and 76% of the dose for 1-OHP and 23% and 57% of the dose for cisplatin, respectively. The renal clearance of both the unchanged species and filterable platinum in plasma for 1-OHP was about 2-fold that for cisplatin. 1-OHP is reported to be much less nephrotoxic than cisplatin. This may be due in part to its pharmacokinetic behavior or to pharmacokinetic differences resulting from chemical reactions that make 1-OHP less toxic than cisplatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Disseminated (metastatic) tumors in nude mice produced by intravenous injection of cells of human and nonhuman neurogenic tumor lines.

Cells of two human glioma lines (UC-35AG, UC-58EG), a human medulloblastoma line (UC-51MB), two rat glioma lines C6, RG2), and a rat schwannoma line (Lew-MS) were injected i.v. into male nude mice (BALB/c nu/nu). Each animal was injected with 10(6) viable cells of a particular line; for each line there was a group of eight to nine animals. The mice developed disseminated (metastatic) tumors from all lines. The incidence of mice developing metastatic tumors was different for the various lines: 2/8 for the UC-34AG, 7/9 for the UC-58EG, 1/8 for the UC-51MB, 7/8 for the C6 line, 8/8 for the RG2 and 1/9 for the Lew-MS line. The shortest survival of the mice with tumors was observed with C6 (all died on days 10-14 post injection), and with RG2 (all died from day 32 to day 39 following injection). With the remaining lines, all mice survived until they were killed on day 40 after injection. Most frequently the tumors developed in the lung. Other organs, e.g., kidney or liver, were sometimes also involved, but usually to a considerably lesser degree than the lung. Metastases never developed in the CNS. It was observed that tumors of certain glioma lines tended to grow in the lung in characteristic patterns and involved or spared other organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cytofluorescence localization of adriamycin in the nervous system. I. Distribution of the drug in the central nervous system of normal adult mice after intravenous injection.

By a fluorescence-microscopic technique the distribution of the antineoplastic glycoside, adriamycin (doxorubicin), was studied in the CNS of normal adult mice after i.v. injection. Doses comparable to those used in patients for the treatment of malignant diseases were used. The drug did not have access to areas of the brain within the blood-brain barrier but, except for the subcommissural organ, it was consistently localized in the nuclei of neurons and/or glial cells of the circumventricular organs (postremal area, subfornical organ, median eminence, neurohypophysis) as well as in cells of the choroid plexus and lamina cribrosa of the optic nerve. The nuclear fluorescence was accompanied by a less intense extracellular fluorescence when the survival time was shorter than 1 min after the injection. The fluorescence emitted by adriamycin was seen as early as 15 s after injection and showed its highest intensity at 1 and 15 min later. After 24 h fluorescence was no longer observed except for the ependymal zone of the median eminence. Our study thus shows that adriamycin passes from the blood into the nervous parenchyma in those areas of the brain located outside the blood-brain barrier. This finding raises the question whether in such regions there are any neurotoxicologic effects produced by the drug which have not yet been detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Left ventricular opacification after intravenous injection of Albunex. The effect of different administration procedures.

A clinical study has been performed to investigate the influence of different administration procedures on the degree of contrast enhancement of the left ventricle. The administration variables assessed included Albunex injection rate, arm position, flushing rate and flushing fluid. Twenty-four healthy male volunteers were included. Compared to an injection rate of 1 ml/sec an injection rate of Albunex of 2 ml/sec caused an earlier appearance of contrast in the right ventricle (1 heart beat), whereas transpulmonary passage was not influenced. Horizontal arm position caused a delay in time to peak intensity of 2 to 3 heart beats in both systole and diastole as compared to elevated arm position. Injection rate of 1 ml/sec compared to 2 ml/sec caused a higher peak intensity and mean area under the curve and a longer mean time to peak intensity and transit time. Differences varied from 6 to 230 grey level units out of mean values of 2500. All the observed differences were small and thus probably of no clinical importance. The present study indicates that improvements in the pressure stability characteristics of the albumin microspheres in Albunex have been achieved. This implies that a simple administration procedure can be used. It is recommended that the contrast agent, after resuspension, is injected through a three-way stop cock cannula, followed by 10 ml of saline for flushing. The cannulas or syringes used should be no smaller than 20 G. The injection rate should be 1-2 ml/sec, depending on the diameter of the cannula. By using this procedure, a reliable transpulmonary passage and left ventricular opacification may be obtained.

Adult↗