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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Asthma due to insecticide sensitivity.

Two patients are reported in whom asthma was precipitated by exposure to synthetic organophosphorous insecticides. Investigation showed no evidence of systemic poisoning or cholinesterase inhibition and indicated that the asthmatic reactions may have been due to a sensitivity response. The mechanism of this response is unknown but it was inhibited by corticosteroids in one patient. A history of insecticide exposure was obtained from the affected patients only after careful questioning and indicates the need for awareness that sensitivity to insecticides may precipitate asthma and that little exposure is necessary to elicit a response.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

CGA-72662--a new sheep blowfly insecticide.

The efficiency of 2-cyclopropylamino-4, 6-diamino-s-triazine CGA-72662 (proposed common name: cyromazine) for the control of blowfly strike was tested in fly cage and field trials on sheep. The safety to sheep and physico-chemical properties of the compound as they relate to blowfly control were also assessed. When the sheep were thoroughly jetted with a solution of CGA-72662 containing 1g of active ingredient per litre, the mean incidence of fly strike in 7 field trials was reduced from 16.5% to 1.5% over a period of 9 weeks. The incidence of strike in the treated sheep in 2 insectary tests, which imposed levels of fly activity far in excess of that usually encountered in the field, was reduced from 93% and 73% in untreated sheep to 2% and nil respectively over a period of 8 weeks. Jetting with CGA-72662 solutions 100 times greater than the recommended concentration did not produce any side effects in sheep. Three treatments at twice the recommended concentration during the first trimester did not affect pregnant ewes nor their progeny. The compound was safe to use in combination with common anthelmintics and with sheep dips used for control of lice. CGA-72662 was stable in solution. No stripping occurred in dips and it persisted on wool for a considerable period. A satisfactory alternative to the organophosphorus insecticides has been found in CGA-72662, since it provided a substantial increase in residual protection against blowfly strike with a high degree of safety.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Systemic organophosphate poisoning following the percutaneous injection of insecticide. Case report.

Organophosphates are the most common group of chemicals in the southern part of Turkey. Although organophosphate poisoning (OPP) may occur due to skin exposure or inhalation, severe poisoning is usually the result of ingestion to attempt suicide. Despite the fact that there have been a lot of experimental studies using intravenous or percutaneous injection of organophosphates, reports of human poisoning due to percutaneous injection are rare. The systemic signs of OPP have not been described in these reported patients. We report 2 cases having systemic signs of OPP due to percutaneous injection. In our first case, we noticed a 17-day muscle weakness and a 12-day muscarinic syndrome, which required prolonged atropinization. In the second patient, atropine infusion had to be continued for 2 days. Both cases also had severe swelling of the affected limb and wound infection. In conclusion, in cases of percutaneous injection of organophosphates systemic toxicity may develop in addition to local findings such as necrosis and abscesses. Close observation for evidence of systemic involvement is required, and the patient should be carefully monitored for secondary abscess formation and any delayed impairment of neurologic function.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1988

Acute organophosphorus insecticide poisoning during pregnancy.

Intoxication with organophosphorus insecticides following ingestion with suicidal intent in two patients who were in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy is reported. Successful management of the cholinergic and intermediate phases of poisoning enabled each pregnancy to proceed to term and end in normal vaginal delivery of a healthy baby.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Parasuicide by self-injection of an organophosphate insecticide.

Parasuicide by ingestion of organophosphate (OP) insecticides is common in Sri Lanka, but the use of the parateral route to self administer the poison is extremely rare. We report a patient who deliberately injected herself intramuscularly with an OP compound with suicidal intent. The clinical manifestations of OP poisoning were unpredictable and posed a therapeutic problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The intermediate syndrome in organophosphate poisoning: an overview of experimental and clinical observations.

The intermediate syndrome of organophosphate poisoning arises in the time interval between the acute cholinergic crisis of fasciculations and muscle weakness and the delayed neuropathy attributed to inhibition of the neuropathy target esterase. The conclusions derived from salient experimental and clinical studies are that intermediate syndrome relates to the severity of poisoning not the specific organophosphate and to prolonged inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity of the erythrocytes, brain and muscle endplate with pre and post synaptic impairment of neuromuscular transmission. It is not related to delayed neuropathy.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1987

Case histories of bald eagles and other raptors killed by organophosphorus insecticides topically applied to livestock.

Since 1982 when secondary poisoning of a red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) was documented following the recommended use of famphur applied topically to cattle, the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center has tested dead birds of prey for poisoning by famphur and other pour-on organophosphorus (OP) insecticides. Brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity was first determined, then if ChE was depressed greater than or equal to 50%, stomach and/or crop contents were evaluated for anti-ChE compounds. This report presents the circumstances surrounding the OP-caused deaths of eight bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), two red-tailed hawks, and one great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) between March 1984 and March 1985. OP poisoning of raptors by pour-on insecticides in the United States is widespread, but its magnitude is unknown.

Animals↗