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PubMedDate not supplied

Exercise testing, training and arm ergometry.

Standard exercise testing and training methods require leg work, but alternative methods involving arm work appear to be particularly applicable for selected subjects. An understanding of the physiology of upper extremity exercise and of the implications for arm exercise testing and training will assist in the diagnostic and functional evaluation and prescription of exercise. The cardiorespiratory and haemodynamic responses to submaximal and maximal arm and leg exercise are reviewed and practical information and guidelines for the recommendation of arm exercise testing and training in wheelchair-confined individuals, normal subjects, and patients with coronary heart disease are provided.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Comparative study of maximum aerobic capacity by three ergometries in untrained college women.

The maximum aerobic capacity (VO2 max) of young untrained Bengali girls aged between 22-24 years after maximum workload as determined by bicycle ergometer, standard step test and a treadmill is studied in 22 subjects. It was found that the VO2 peak in the treadmill exercise was significantly higher than that obtained by the step test and bicycle ergometer, in that order. On each type of ergometer, VO2 max was found to be positively correlated with body weight, body surface area, maximal pulmonary ventilation and maximal oxygen pulse.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Correlation of NYHA classification, bicycle ergometry and right heart haemodynamics after total correction of tetralogy of Fallot in adults.

Thirty-two patients who had undergone correction of Fallot's tetralogy in adult life were examined on average 6.3 years postoperatively, at mean age 25.8 years. Palliative shunt operation had been performed in childhood in 28 cases. The clinical condition was good in 25 patients (78%). 13 of whom had mean gradient between right ventricle and pulmonary artery 16.0 +/- 4.2 mmHg and systolic right ventricular pressure 39.0 +/- 10.0 mmHg, while 12 had right ventricular pressure 62.6 +/- 16.3 mmHg. In these groups the maximum exercise capacity was, respectively, 136.7 +/- 36.1 and 106.1 +/- 30.8 W/min. Three other patients were in satisfactory, and four in poor clinical condition, with right ventricular systolic pressure, respectively, 74.3 +/- 10.9 and 91.5 +/- 60.0 mmHg. The gradient from right ventricle to pulmonary artery averaged 58.5 +/- 10.4 mmHg in the latter group but, despite the obstructed pulmonary outflow tract, the exercise capacity (116.7 +/- 28.9 W/min) was similar to that in the groups with better clinical results. It is concluded that in most patients with palliative surgery in childhood, tetralogy of Fallot can be successfully corrected in adult life. The causes of right ventricular impairment do not significantly reduce the exercise capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Cycle ergometry estimation of physical fitness among Israeli soldiers.

We evaluated the level of fitness among a large population-based sample of Israeli men and women ages 18-25 years, within the framework of an ongoing survey of personnel discharged from military service in the Israel Defense Force. Aerobic capacity was predicted with the Astrand-Rhyming 6-minute cycle ergometer test and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) was estimated using the Astrand-Rhyming nomogram based on cardiac response to 6 minutes of constant submaximal cycle work. Mean +/- SD VO2 max values were 41.05 +/- 10.52 mL/kg/min for men (range, 15-81 mL/kg/min) and 33.84 +/- 7.60 mL/kg/min for women (range, 16-65 mL/kg/min). Smoking was found to be associated with lower VO2 max among both men and women, whereas type of military service unit was unexpectedly not associated with physical fitness level.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical ergometry in cardio-pulmonary functional disorders--a comparison of the usual ergometric technics].

It is reported on the results of a comparative examination of 18 patients with two usual ergometric methods (team pathophysiology of respiration and research group diseases of heart and circulation of the GDR). Referred to the intake of oxygen as a measure for the stress of the cardiorespiratory system by means of the ergometric methods recommended by the research group diseases of heart and circulation significantly higher minute volumes of the heart rate were established. Principal differences in the evidence of the two methods did not appear.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The stress ergometry test in diabetics and non-diabetics].

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate risk factors of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and the importance of burdening on a bicycle ergometer (BE) in the diagnosis of IHD in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. CHARACTERISTIC OF GROUP: The authors evaluated in a retrospective study all 308 patients subjected to BE during the period 11/98-1/99 in Konstantinovy Láznĕ. Characteristics of diabetic vs. non-diabetic subjects: number (97 vs. 211), men (70.1 vs. 70.14%) mean age (59.76 vs. 58.01), height (1.71 vs. 1.71 m), body weight (85.91 vs. 81.40 kg), BMI (29.36 vs. 27.68 g/m2), total cholesterol (5.73 vs. 5.51 mmol/l,) triacylglycerols (2.63 vs. 2.08 mmol/l), fasting blood sugar level (7.31 vs. 4.88 mmol/l), hypertension (24.74 vs. 37.44%), hyperuricaemia (40.21 vs. 27.01%), IHD (93.81 vs. 93.84%), ischaemia of the lower extremities (6.19 vs. 13.74%), cerebrovascular episodes (7.22 vs. 5.21%), smokers 10.31 vs. 5.21%), ex-smokers (47.42 vs. 57.82%), non-smokers (42.27 vs. 36.97%). The diabetic patients were treated in 31.96% with PAD, in 5.15% with insulin and in 62.89% by diet only. EVALUATION: BE was used to assess and set the load tolerance, i.e. with regard to the current medication. The conclusion of BE is from the aspect of IHD either positive (ECG signs of coronary insufficiency), negative (without signs of coronary insufficiency at the level of 85% aerobic capacity according to Astrand) or impossible to evaluate (without signs of coronary insufficiency, while not attaining this level of load). Positive ergometric examinations were divided into symptomatic ones (i.e. with stenocardias during BE) and asymptomatic (silent ischaemia). In diabetic vs. non-diabetic subjects there were 0% vs. 6.16% symptomatically positive BE, 27.84% vs. 11.37% positive BE with silent ischaemia, 17.53% vs. 20.85% negative BE and 54.64% vs. 61.61% BE which could not be evaluated. The watt training tolerance was 51.55 vs. 57.26 W. CONCLUSIONS: In diabetics (31.49% of the group) there was a significantly higher body weight, BMI, TG. As to risk factors of IHD and manifestations of atherosclerosis there were among diabetics more patients with a history of a cerebrovascular episode, more smokers and conversely fewer hypertonic subjects and fewer with ischaemia of the lower extremities than in non-diabetic subjects. During BE in diabetics there were more silent ischaemias than in non-diabetics. None of the diabetics with a positive BE suffered from symptomatic ischaemia. The high percentage of BE which cannot be evaluated in both groups is due to the concurrent administration of drugs, in particular beta-blockers and the protocol of the examination (an increasing loading test after 4 min. á 25 W) which is suitable for setting the training load and not for assessment of coronary insufficiency (for this purpose the protocol after 2 min. á 50 W is more suitable). In the conclusion the authors evaluate the importance and informative value of different diagnostic examinations for detection of IHD or its severity in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.

Coronary Disease↗