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Results for “ERYTHROPLASIA”

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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Annual screening for oral cancer and precancer by invitation to 60-year-old residents of a city in Japan.

Since 1986, annual screening for oral cancer and precancer by postal invitation has been undertaken among 60-year-old residents of Tokoname city, Japan. Clinical examination of the oral soft tissues is performed by groups of four different, specially trained general dental practitioners in the city health centre on one day each year. Following screening each subject receives an individual consultation with an oral medicine specialist. Individuals considered to need full diagnostic follow up or treatment are advised to attend a secondary care referral facility. Between 1986 and 1993, 802 out of 5187 eligible residents (15.5 per cent) were screened of whom 38 (4.7 per cent) were designated by the screeners as positive for oral cancer, erythroplakia, leukoplakia, lichen planus or chronic candidosis. Of these, 32 were referred and 25 attended for follow up examination in hospital departments by specialists with full diagnostic back up facilities. Twenty subjects were confirmed as having a potentially malignant lesion. For these referred patients only, the proportion of correct decisions by the screeners out of all oral cancer/precancer screening decisions was 81 per cent. Positive and negative predictive values for those attending for follow up were 0.80 and 0.82 respectively. Ways of improving the effectiveness and adequacy of the programme are considered.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1995

Detection of premalignant oral lesions: a 10 year retrospective study in Alberta.

A comprehensive review of all oral premalignant lesions and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) diagnosed and biopsied by the oral pathology diagnostic service at the University of Alberta over two sequential five-year periods (1984-1988 and 1989-1993) was undertaken. There was a disproportionate increase in the number of premalignant biopsies conducted in 1989-93 relative to the number of SCC biopsies, suggesting an improvement in the detection of oral pre-malignancy by dentists.

Alberta↗
PubMed1994

[Oral cancer. Precancerous conditions].

In the precancerous lesions leukoplakia is the most frequent. This is only a clinical diagnose and a biopsy is necessary to see if there is a malignant transformation. A mycosis in a leukoplakia may be an important indicator for a local or system impairment of the immune system.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1994

Oral leukoplakia and erythroplakia: a review and update.

Soft tissue health in the oral cavity is essential for overall dental and medical health and a successful maintenance of any restoration. This article reviews the clinical, etiologic, and prognostic features of oral leukoplakia, the most common of all chronic mucosal lesions, affecting 3% of all adults. The newest definitions for leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and smokeless tobacco keratosis are offered, along with a rationale for predicting malignant transformation and for treatment planning of these most important precancers. The learning objective of this article is to update the information for the clinician for early diagnosis and treatment of these lesions.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1994

Local recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.

Given the excellent local control rates achieved with partial penectomy, it is important to consider laser treatment or radiation therapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis cautiously. Emotional issues surrounding preservation of a functional penis should not be allowed to compromise adequate therapy. On the other hand, some penile cancers undoubtedly can be managed adequately by techniques other than partial penectomy. The fundamental question is, then, how great a compromise laser treatment or radiation therapy introduces. In patients who present with bulky, long-neglected penile cancers, the point is moot: Partial or even total penectomy is indicated. However, other treatments are feasible in many patients, and an attempt at functional organ preservation should not be restricted simply to the rare small tumor. Lesions up to 2 cm in size can be controlled adequately without amputation. Because tumor grade correlates highly with depth of invasion, the presence of nodal metastasis, and survival, most poorly differentiated squamous cell tumors of the penis probably should be treated by amputation. As mentioned above, it may be several months after laser treatment or radiation therapy before local treatment failure is recognized. Although this is a concern, it probably does not ultimately result in therapeutic compromise in most patients. With most urologic cancers, local recurrence equates with the inability to cure the patient and, ultimately, death. With locally recurrent carcinoma of the penis, however, the situation can be salvaged by converting to partial penectomy. Thus, the patient compromises his chances for cure only if tumor dissemination occurs during the few months between the end of treatment and recognition of failure.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1994

Oral precancerous lesions and conditions.

Although oral cancer accounts for less than 5% of the total incidence of all malignancies, approximately half of the oral cancer patients die of their disease. Most oral cancer arises from surface epithelium. The epithelium initially undergoes dysplastic or premalignant changes which can last for years before invasion. Dysplastic epithelium usually produces morphological tissue changes that are detectable clinically. This review discusses the clinical and pathological aspects of oral precancerous lesions and conditions and briefly addresses therapeutic modalities.

Erythroplasia↗
PubMed1977

[Classification of precancerous conditions and cancer of the cervix uteri].

The classification consists of three sections: background processes, precancer states, and cancer of cervix uteri. The background processes depending on the etiological factor and the character of lesion of the epithelium are divided into dyshormonal, inflammatory, and posttraumatic. Groups of the so-called morphological precancer and preclinical forms of cervix uteri cancer are identified.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1995

Toluidine blue.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1994

How carcinogens cause cancer.

Several concepts have been formed regarding the origin of primary malignancies, but only recently has a theory on second primary cancers evolved. The aim of this report is to review the literature regarding current concepts associated with carcinogenesis, tobacco and alcohol, oral premalignancy, field cancerization and cancer prevention.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1977

[Plasmocytic proliferative lesions of the foreskin. A variety of Zoon's benign circumscribed balanitis (author's transl)].

A peculiar anatomoclinic form is described about the Balanoposthite chronique circonscrite bénigne à plasmocytes (Zoon): the pimpled, erosive, nodular and pseudoangiomatous form. Clinically this balantis realizes a pseudo-oedematous infiltration (which belongs to the usual form) and especially botriomycome-like nodules (obs. 2) or pseudo-neoplastic tumors (obs. 1). Histologically, the lesions consist of a pure plasmocytar infiltration, with total disappearance of the epithelium. In spite of its pseudo-tumoral aspect and of the abundance of plasmocytes, this kind of balanitis is quite benign and chronic, may persist many years without transformation, and is never a sign of dysglobulinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Erythroplakia: the dangerous red mucosa.

Erythroplakia is an uncommon and subtly innocuous change of the oral mucosa, but it has very specific and identifiable clinical characteristics, therapies, and prognostic features. It is the most dangerous of all the oral cancer precursor lesions, and a search for erythroplakia should be a part of every oral soft tissue examination in persons aged 35 years and older. No erythroplakia lesions should ever be left untreated. Much has been written about the malignant potential of oral leukoplakia, but too often the dental profession has ignored the more dangerous discoloration, erythroplakia, which carries a much greater cancer risk than the white lesions. A clear understanding of this lesion may save lives by identifying oral cancers prior to invasion or at an early stage, thereby avoiding extensive surgery and spread of the disease to other parts of the body. The learning objective of this article is to review and familiarize the reader with the terminology, diagnosis, etiology, treatment, and the prognosis of this disease.

Diagnosis, Differential↗