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Results for “DIAPER RASH”

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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Cytomegalovirus diaper dermatitis.

Cytomegalovirus inclusions have been reported in perineal ulcers from immunosuppressed adults. The importance of this finding is unknown. We report the first pediatric case of cutaneous cytomegalovirus infection in an infant with congenital human immunodeficiency virus infection, presenting as a diaper dermatitis. Cytomegalovirus was cultured from the skin biopsy specimen, and characteristic inclusions were seen on hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections. Results of this biopsy specimen analysis prompted further investigation revealing disseminated cytomegalovirus infection, including retinitis. Aggressive pursuit of a pathogen in common conditions such as diaper dermatitis is strongly recommended in immunosuppressed pediatric patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

[Intestinal excretion of nystatin during and after oral administration to newborn infants at risk].

The concentrations of nystatin excreted with faeces during and after oral application of 3 x 150,000 IU/d, either continuously for 14-21 days or every second day were determined in 42 newborns at risk by means of a bioassay (agar diffusion test). Results indicate that nystatin is distributed heterogeneously in the gastrointestinal tract. The excretion occurs discontinuously. 24 to 48 h after beginning of therapy there were effective concentrations of nystatin in the faeces. The daily application of 3 x 150,000 IU nystatin is recommended.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1990

Relation between the intestinal flora and diaper dermatitis in infancy.

In this study, 40 patients with diaper dermatitis and 20 healthy infants were investigated. Mycological and bacteriological cultures were obtained from affected and healthy skin areas and stool specimens. Candida albicans was isolated simultaneously in 37 out of 40 patients subjected to mycological examination of skin lesions and stool specimen cultures. Of 34 Gram-stained smears from the skin lesions, 27 revealed Candida in hyphal form. In the control group, C. albicans was not grown from the diaper area. No significant difference was observed in the growth of bacteria from the skin with or without lesions (p greater than 0.05). In conclusion, C. albicans-infection originating from the gastrointestinal tract, plays a major role in diaper dermatitis. Thus, a Gram-stained smear can be used as a practical method in early diagnosis.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed1986

Psoriasiform napkin dermatitis.

A prognostic study of 18 patients with a diagnosis of psoriasiform napkin dermatitis was performed. The observation period had a duration of 7 to 15 years. Two patients developed psoriasis and two developed atopic dermatitis.

Candidiasis↗
PubMed1985

Dermatitis.

Dermatitis, the inflammatory response of the skin to various factors, may present in a variety of forms. Atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, nummular eczema, seborrhea, and stasis dermatitis, conditions with which the patient may present to the emergency department, either in the acute stage or with exacerbation of a chronic condition, are reviewed in this article.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Topical corticosteroid therapy for children: alclometasone dipropionate cream 0.05%.

The safety and efficacy of twice-daily applications of alclometasone dipropionate cream 0.05% were evaluated in 39 children with eczema during a three-week open study. Early-morning plasma cortisol levels were monitored at weekly intervals (visits 1, 2, and 3) for six children. For the remaining 33 children, levels were measured at visits 1 and 2 and two weeks later, at visit 4. Improvement in signs and symptoms of erythema, induration, and pruritus and a global response to therapy were determined weekly. Plasma cortisol levels remained within the acceptable normal range of 7 to 25 micrograms/100 ml throughout the study in all 39 children. At the conclusion of treatment, a favorable global response--complete clearing of monitored signs and symptoms--was observed in 28 (72%) children, and marked or moderate improvement was recorded for seven (18%) children.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1986

Fungal infections in children.

Fungal infections of the skin represent a relatively common problem in pediatric dermatology. Although fungal infections of the feet, nails, and groin are uncommon in the pediatric age group, fungal infections of the scalp are very common and must be diagnosed early because they may lead to permanent hair loss if left untreated. Perhaps the most significant change in fungal infections in children has occurred in tinea capitis, including the causative agent and the type of infection this organism may produce; these factors are focused upon in this article. Also discussed are infections caused by the yeast organisms Candida albicans and Pityrosporum orbiculare, as well as the deep mycoses, specifically chromoblastomycosis and cutaneous aspergillosis.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1987

Classification of diaper dermatitis: an overview.

Several types of diaper dermatitis are discussed: generic diaper dermatitis is most common and involves a simple erythema and mild scaling of the gluteal crease, buttocks, thighs, and lower abdomen. Candidal diaper dermatitis involves clinically significant infection with Candida albicans and presents as a sharply marginated area of erythema with significant involvement of the anterior thighs, genital creases, abdomen, and genitalia. Noduloulcerative diaper dermatitis may develop in a small percentage of patients who have chronic diaper dermatitis, as large, raised erosions with rolled margins. The lesions are most noticeable on the prominent body parts-genitalia, abdomen, thighs, and buttocks. Infantile seborrheic dermatitis involves a distinctive pattern of inflammation that usually begins beneath the diaper as a sharply marginated area of erythema with satellite lesions. Within 1-2 weeks, lesions develop on the scalp, cheeks, arms, legs, and intertriginous parts of the body. Impetigo is common in the diaper area, particularly in the first 6 months of life and during the warmer summer season. The lesions are usually bullous and represent infection by Staphylococcus aureus. Folliculitis appears as small, perifollicular erythematous papules and pustules, usually on the buttocks, thigh and lower abdomen. It is common in the warm summer months and is usually caused by bacteria such as S. aureus. Intertrigo categorizes disease that does not fit into the above categories. Often the patient presents with simple erythema of the folds without pustules or induration. This probably represents irritation and low-grade infection. It is important for the clinician to be aware that many other diseases can have manifestations in the diaper area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Candidiasis, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1987

Differential diagnosis of unusual skin diseases in infants.

There are a number of relatively unique clinical skin diseases that may develop on the buttocks of infants. These include iatrogenic skin diseases caused by external medicine; skin tumors caused by methylrosaniline chloride (Pyoktanin); atrophy of the skin due to steroidal liniments; nevus and tumor diseases, such as nevoxanthoendothelioma and Letterer-Siwe disease. Finally, there is chronic granulomatous disease. These unusual cases are reviewed and their differential diagnoses discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗