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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Ultrastructural observations of nuclear bodies in the epithelial cells of human conjunctiva.

Nuclear bodies (NBs) are intranuclear structures described in normal and pathologically altered cells of humans and animals. The NBs are 0.3-1.5 microns round structures. Their function is unknown. In the present paper, we describe NBs in the nuclei of the conjunctiva epithelial cells in one patient with cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) and in an another one without conjunctival pathology. We observed increase in the frequency of the NBs of type I occurring in the conjunctival cells in CP patient as compared to the healthy control. This is the first report to describe nuclear bodies in the human conjunctiva.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1993

[Histological evaluation of brush cytology of rabbit conjunctiva].

The number of the cells and the layers of the conjunctiva which can be obtained by brush cytology was studied on rabbit conjunctiva using cytological and histological methods. About 1,000, 3,500, and 10,000 conjunctival epithelial cells can be obtained by 7, 14, and 20 brush strokes histological observations showed that all varieties of the layers including basal cells were obtained without destroying the basement membrane. This study showed that the brush cytology can offer single cell suspension only from the conjunctival epithelium, and that brush cytology is useful to investigate the conjunctival epithelium by flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction, and other methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Cryptosporidiosis of the conjunctiva in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys.

Cryptosporidium was found on the conjunctiva of 6 SIV-infected immunodeficient rhesus monkeys. Some affected membranes were inflamed. The conjunctiva is a newly recognized site for disseminated Cryptosporidium infection in spontaneously infected immuno-deficient mammals, and clinicians and investigators should be aware of its possible presence in immunodeficient patients with disseminated cryptosporidiosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tuberculosis of the tarsal conjunctiva].

A woman sixty-five old presents one pronounced swelling of the eyelids at the both eyes with the appearance of the multiple chalasions. The patient at twenty-six years old presented pulmonary tuberculosis, in the present stabilized. The morphopathology exam by a fragment of tarsus and conjunctiva shows an lymphocyt inflammatory infiltration with the presence of the epithelial cells and caseation areas. At level of conjunctiva it constats the presence of tuberculum follicles that are present too at the level of Meibomius canals of excretions. The disease is considered like an allergical reaction at endotoxin of Koch bacillus, secondary by some old tubercular lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[A preliminary report on changes in micro-circulation of conjunctiva in patients with high altitude pulmonary edema].

Micro-circulation of conjunctiva was investigated in 36 patients with high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and 21 healthy subjects who arrived recently in high land and were the controls, and plasma angiotensin II (AT II) and aldosterone (ALD) were determined in 16 patients with HAPE and in the control group. The results show that the concentrations of plasma AT II, ALD in patients with HAPE are obviously higher than those of the healthy individuals (P < 0.001), the degree of changes in micro-circulation of conjunctiva in patients with HAPE is directly proportional to the degree of severity of HAPE, and the higher the concentrations of plasma AT II and ALD, the severer the degree of changes in micro-circulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Prospective study of surgical therapy of pterygium: bare sclera technique vs. free conjunctiva-limbus transplant].

Many techniques of pterygium surgery with various rates of recurrence are described in the literature. We report on the outcome after pterygium excision with bare-sclera technique compared with free transplantation of limbal conjunctiva. We used the bare-sclera technique in 21 eyes and performed free transplantation of conjunctiva in 34 eyes. The duration of follow-up was 14 months. In patients operated with the bare-sclera technique there were significantly more recurrences (eight vs four, P < 0.025) and cases of development of pyogenic granuloma (four eyes vs no eyes, P < 0.01). In patients with primary surgery and free limbal transplant we found no case of recurrence, but the bare-sclera technique was associated with a recurrence rate of 35.5% (P < 0.01). We recommend free limbal conjunctival transplantation even in patients with primary surgery of a pterygium.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Cytokeratin expression in normal human bulbar conjunctiva obtained by impression cytology.

PURPOSE: To document the cytokeratin expression patterns in the normal human conjunctival epithelium obtained directly from patients using impression cytology. METHODS: Impression cytology specimens were obtained from normal volunteers using pure nitrocellulose membranes rather than cellulose acetate. The 31 volunteers of both sexes ranged in age from 18 to 79 years. Impression cytology specimens were analyzed for individual cytokeratins by either immunocytochemistry or electrophoresis with immunoblotting using a defined panel of monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Using the corroborative methods of immunocytochemistry and electrophoresis with immunoblotting, cytokeratins characteristic of nonkeratinized, stratified (K4 and K13), simple (K8 and K19), and glandular epithelia (K7) were present in the superficial layer (s) of normal human conjunctiva. Cytokeratins typical of keratinized epithelia (K1, K2, and K10) and the keratinization-related proteins filaggrin and involucrin were not expressed in normal conjunctival epithelium. CONCLUSIONS: The normal human conjunctiva demonstrates a unique cytokeratin expression pattern containing cytokeratins characteristic of nonkeratinized, stratified epithelia, as well as others more typical of a simple differentiation pattern, a glandular differentiation pattern, or both. These findings provide a foundation for examining changes in the cytokeratin expression pattern in diseased human conjunctival epithelium using impression cytology.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and cytological parallels in inflammatory diseases of the conjunctiva].

The conjunctiva was examined in 52 patients with acute and chronic nonspecific conjunctivitis by impression cytology. Clinical course of conjunctivitis of different origin was correlated to the cytopathological changes in the conjunctival epithelium. The authors emphasize the high clinical value of the method in the diagnosis of inflammatory processes in the conjunctiva, monitoring of treatment, and prediction of the final result of therapy.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1997

Immunolocalization of cytokines to mast cells in normal and allergic conjunctiva.

BACKGROUND: Recently, the potential role of mast cells in allergic reactions has been extended by the discovery that these cells synthesize, store and secrete multifunctional cytokines. Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis is characterized as an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, in which allergen binds to specific IgE on mast cells, leading to release of pre-formed and newly synthesized inflammatory mediators. OBJECTIVE: In this study we aimed to localize the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF alpha to conjunctival mast cells and to examine the relationship between mast cell-associated cytokines and allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was performed on serial sections of conjunctival biopsies from patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, in and out of the hay fever season, as well as from non-allergic volunteers. RESULTS: IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and TNF alpha were localized to mast cells in normal and allergic conjunctiva. IL-8 was localized to mast cells in two patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, one during and the other outside the pollen season. Using the monoclonal antibody 3H4, which identifies the secreted form of IL-4, biopsies from patients with active seasonal allergic conjunctivitis contained a significantly higher proportion of mast cells positive for IL-4, than those from out-of-season patients (P=<0.016). There was no difference between the two groups in the number of mast cells immunostained by the antibody 4D9 which identifies the stored form of IL-4. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that conjunctival mast cells can store a range of multifunctional cytokines and release IL-4 during active disease, which may give them an important role in upregulating allergic inflammation in the conjunctiva.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Carrier-mediated transport of NG-nitro-L-arginine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, in the pigmented rabbit conjunctiva.

In this study, the transport mechanism of NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor that may be useful for alleviating intraocular inflammation, was characterized in the pigmented rabbit conjunctiva. L-NA, when applied to the mucosal side of the conjunctiva, led to dose-dependent increases in the short-circuit current (Isc) at 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C or under the Na+-free condition. Serosally added 1 mM L-NA did not elicit any change in the Isc. Mucosally added 1 mM L-NA elicited a net absorptive Na+ flux of 0.09 microEq/(cm2.hr), comparable with the Isc change. L-NA transport at 0.1 mM in the mucosal-to-serosal (ms) direction was 22 times greater than that in the serosal-to-mucosal direction. There was a good correlation between the ms flux of L-NA and the Isc changes elicited by L-NA under the same experimental conditions. L-NA transport was saturable, with a Km of 0.35 mM and a maximal flux of 290 pmol/(cm2.min). Hill analysis of L-NA flux observed at 0.1 mM L-NA in response to varying Na+ concentrations in the mucosal bathing fluid yielded a Hill coefficient of 0.98, suggesting a 1:1 coupling between Na+ and L-NA. Moreover, ms 3H-L-NA transport was inhibited by basic amino acids (L-Arg and L-Lys) and a neutral amino acid (L-Leu), but not by an acidic amino acid (L-Glu) and the D-stereoisomer of L-NA. In the case of L-Arg, inhibition was competitive with a Ki of 0.034 mM. Taken together, the above findings are consistent with the involvement of the L-Arg transport system B0,+ in the conjunctival transport of L-NA.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphogenesis of corneal epithelial-endothelial dystrophy (a comparative morphological analysis of corneal disks and biopsy specimens of the conjunctiva)].

The aim of this study was morphological analysis of corneal disks and conjunctival biopsy specimens in order to disclose the mechanisms of development of epithelial-endothelial dystrophy (EED) and validating pathogenetically-based therapy. Twenty-five patients were observed, 11 of these with implanted intraocular lenses of different localization. EED developed for 1 to 5 years. Sixteen biopsy specimens of the conjunctiva and 21 corneal disks were examined. The composition and index of inflammatory infiltrate, status and compactness of conjunctival vessels, severity of fibrosis, and mast cell degranulation were assessed. Mast cells play a positive role at the initial stages of tissue and cellular response to injury by regulating the formation of extracellular matrix and fibroblast proliferation. At the reparative stages of immune inflammation of the conjunctiva, mast cells are virtually the only cell population; fibrosis and sclerosis develop when the capillary bed is reduced, causing ischemic involvement of the anterior segment of the eye and dystrophic processes in the cornea. A differentiated approach to treatment of EED at the stages of immune inflammation and fibrosis is emphasized.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2001

Primary intraepithelial sebaceous gland carcinoma of the palpebral conjunctiva.

Sebaceous gland carcinoma usually arises from meibomian or Zeis glands deep within the eyelid, but it can rarely arise within the conjunctival epithelium without a deep component. We describe a woman with a history of chronic blepharoconjunctivitis unresponsive to topical medications. Examination disclosed confluent papillary hypertrophy of the upper palpebral conjunctiva and deposits of white flaky material. Tarsoconjunctival punch biopsy revealed intraepithelial sebaceous gland carcinoma. Management consisted of frozen section-controlled complete tumor excision with removal of the entire posterior lamella of the right upper eyelid, cryotherapy to the margins, and reconstruction. Histopathologic analysis confirmed primary sebaceous gland carcinoma localized to the conjunctival epithelium without involvement of underlying meibomian or Zeis glands or the caruncle. Patients with unexplained chronic unilateral blepharoconjunctivitis or papillary hypertrophy of the palpebral conjunctiva should be considered for biopsy to rule out neoplasia, even when there is no sign of an underlying eyelid mass.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Melanoma of the conjunctiva--a rational approach to management.

Eleven of 12 patients treated for invasive melanomas of the conjunctiva at the UCLA Hospitals from 1955 to 1976 revealed data sufficient for evaluation. Of these 11 cases, 4 died from 3 to 13 years after treatment as a result of the disease. The plan presented for surgical management of melanosis is based on histologic criteria and on the anatomic location of the tumor. In this series, such management ranged from local excision of noninvasive melanotic lesions to orbital exenteration with parotidectomy and radical neck dissection for invasive melanomas that involved the palpebral conjunctiva or caruncle. Extended follow-up is needed in all patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Deeply invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva: case report.

A 82-year-old man had a bulbar exophytic mass protruding through the lids and extending from the nasal side of the limbus to the caruncola in one eye. The lesion appeared 9 months before as a limbal nodule and showed a painless, slow evolution, ultimately leading to enucleation. The histopathologic examination of the neoplasm and eyeball showed an invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva which invaded the deep subepithelial tissue and reached the scleral surface. The evolution and pathologic features of this uncommon neoplasm were similar to that described in other cases previously reported. Such a clinical course is suggestive also of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the conjunctiva, which closely resembles squamous cell carcinoma, but is more aggressive and locally invasive. However, after staining for mucin, this diagnosis was ruled out.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Kaposi's sarcoma of the conjunctiva and CMV-retinitis in AIDS.

The number of AIDS patients is still increasing. In 30-50% of these patients ocular lesions occur, which are of diagnostic and prognostic significance. If the life-span of AIDS patients lengthens in the future, adequate treatment of the ocular conditions will become increasingly important. The two most important ocular manifestations AIDS are CMV-retinitis and Kaposi's sarcoma of the conjunctiva. DHPG, a new virustatic for human cytomegalovirus, appears promising as treatment for the severe CMV-retinitis, which leads rapidly to blindness. Two case histories illustrate the preliminary results obtained with DHPG treatment. Kaposi's sarcoma of the conjunctiva is relatively benign is AIDS and can be treated successfully by surgical excision, radiotherapy, cryotherapy or local injections of cytostatics.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Sebaceous gland adenoma of the palpebral conjunctiva in a patient with Muir-Torre-syndrome: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is a hereditary genodermatosis associated with internal malignancies. METHODS: We report the histological case of an atypical sebaceous gland adenoma of the palpebral conjunctiva in a 42-year-old female patient. RESULTS: The combination of this adenoma with atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the endometrium and a strong family history of gastrointestinal and urogenital cancers led to the diagnosis of MTS. CONCLUSION: We present a case where the diagnosis of an atypical solitary sebaceous gland adenoma of the palpebral conjunctiva combined with a conspicuous personal and family history led to the diagnosis of MTS.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2004

Primary basal cell carcinoma of the caruncle with seeding to the conjunctiva.

BACKGROUND: To report the clinical and histopathological characteristics of a patient with a primary basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the caruncle with seeding of the tumour to the conjunctiva. METHODS: Surgical excision and histological examination. RESULTS: A 60-year-old female presented with a lesion of the caruncle. Clinical examination revealed a pale lobulated tumour without skin involvement. Computer tomography scans showed orbital invasion. The tumour was excised. Three years later a small polypoid tumour developed in the inferior fornix of the same eye. Two and a half years later, the patient developed an orbital recurrence. Microscopically, both neoplasms were composed of infiltrative islands of basaloid tumour cells, scattered mitoses and peripheral palisading consistent with the diagnosis of BCC. CONCLUSION: This case describes a primary BCC of the caruncle with seeding to the conjunctiva.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Expression of sex hormone receptors and cell cycle proteins in melanocytic lesions of the ocular conjunctiva.

BACKGROUND: Both dermal and ocular melanocytic nevi have been reported to undergo changes during pregnancy. This has been proposed to be related to hormonal influences; however, few studies have provided any proof. We therefore set out to evaluate the expression of sex hormone receptors and cell cycle proteins in melanocytic lesions of the ocular conjunctiva. METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material from 76 tumors--69 conjunctival nevi, 5 specimens of primary acquired melanosis (PAM), and 2 conjunctival melanomas--were included in a tissue microarray (TMA) format. The TMA sections were analyzed by immunohistochemistry with antibodies for progesterone and estrogen receptors, and cell cycle-related proteins (p16, MIB1-Ki67). RESULTS: Progesterone receptors were highly (96%) and similarly expressed in all lesions. In addition, progesterone receptor expression showed a tendency to increase with age (p=0.06). In contrast, estrogen receptor expression was completely absent in all tumors. The cell cycle regulator p16 was expressed in 97% of the lesions. The proliferation marker MIB1-Ki67 was expressed at low levels (mean+/-SD: 13+/-14%) in 79% of the lesions. No differences of expression were found between the different lesions and nevi types. The mean age of the patients was highest in conjunctival melanoma (70+/-22 years), followed by PAM (60+/-19 years) and nevi (36+/-18 SD years). The different types of nevi also showed significant age dependency (junctional 25+/-17 years, compound 34+/-17 years, dermal 49+/-15 years). CONCLUSION: Our findings reveal the expression of progesterone, but not estrogen, in melanocytic lesions of the ocular conjunctiva. In benign conjunctival lesions, p16 and MIB1-Ki67 expression was comparable to that in benign nevi of the skin.

Adolescent↗