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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A new method for finding long consensus patterns in nucleic acid sequences.

We describe a fast computer algorithm for identifying consensus patterns in DNA sequences. The method requires no prior assumptions about the consensus pattern other than its length. In particular no previous knowledge of the frequency or spacing of consensus patterns is required. However, a priori information about the shape of the consensus pattern, or invariability of individual positions, or the overall conservation level, can be utilized to enhance the selectivity and sensitivity of search. As the number of all possible consensus words increases very rapidly with length, comprehensive searches have usually been restricted to a maximum of 10-12 nucleotides, even when large mainframes are used. Our algorithm enables searching for consensus patterns of this order on current mid-range and powerful microcomputers. Searches may be conducted on single, long sequences or a set of possibly aligned shorter sequences. We give examples of identified consensus patterns in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA sequences, along with some typical program timings.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2006

Fuzzy-logic optical optimization of mainframe CPU and memory.

The allocation of CPU time and memory resources is a familiar problem in organizations with a large number of users and a single mainframe. Usually the amount of resources allocated to a single user is based on the user's own statistics not on the statistics of the entire organization, therefore patterns are not well identified and the allocation system is prodigal. A fuzzy-logic-based algorithm to optimize the CPU and memory distribution among users based on their history is suggested. The algorithm works on heavy and light users separately since they present different patterns to be observed. The result is a set of rules generated by the fuzzy-logic inference engine that will allow the system to use its computing ability in an optimized manner. Test results on data taken from the Faculty of Engineering of Tel Aviv University demonstrate the capabilities of the new algorithm.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

[The development of medical infusion monitoring and controlling network system].

The paper provided a medical infusion monitoring and controlling network system, in which the mainframe and its extensions can realize communication with each other by means of asynchronous serial port. At the same time, every extension can test infusion speed and adjust it to the presetting infusion speed gradually. The extensions also can alarm and stop infusion automatically when infusion will be over or there is a infusion malfunction.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

Reducing costs through electronic data interchange.

The times have never been riper for an investment in EDI to pay off for healthcare providers. As suppliers attain their implementation goals for electronic purchase orders, they are expanding their EDI capabilities. One area which seems to be attracting considerable attention is the entire contracting cycle, where there are numerous opportunities for reducing administrative costs and improving accuracy. A detailed example using a buying group's contract cycle shows how EDI can be used at every step of the way, from request for quotation to funds transfer and monthly purchase summaries. EDI can be implemented at any level, from PC to mainframe. Implementation is not cheap and integration may not be easy, but the benefits can justify the cost. The first step to successful implementation is to identify and quantify, throughout the entire organization, reengineering opportunities in which EDI can be used. Two industry organizations, the Health Industry Distributors Association (HIDA) and the Healthcare EDI Corporation (HEDIC) have taken leadership roles in simplifying the implementation process.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

Web client and ODBC access to legacy database information: a low cost approach.

A new method has been developed for the Department of Orthopaedics of Vanderbilt University Medical Center to access departmental clinical data. Previously this data was stored only in the medical center's mainframe DB2 database, it is now additionally stored in a departmental SQL database. Access to this data is available via any ODBC compliant front-end or a web client. With a small budget and no full time staff, we were able to give our department on-line access to many years worth of patient data that was previously inaccessible.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1986

DUCHEN: an interactive computer program for calculating heterozygosity (carrier) risks in X-linked recessive lethal diseases, and its application in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

The program DUCHEN calculates the probability that a woman is a carrier of an X-linked, lethal recessive disease on the basis of information in the woman's family and any available biochemical data. It is easily used by persons without computer knowledge or experience. The present version can accommodate families consisting of up to 100 people in seven generations. Risks may be estimated on the basis of pedigree information only, or with the inclusion of one or more types of biochemical test results. Biochemical data are incorporated with pedigree information into final risks using the powerful statistical technique of logistic discrimination, a procedure particularly suited for the separation of non-normal populations on the basis of overlapping quantitative characteristics. Mutation rates are specified separately for males and females. DUCHEN is available in FORTRAN 77, IBM BASIC, and Applesoft BASIC, and may be used on a variety of mainframe or microcomputers. The model was used to calculate risks for 375 girls and women in 46 families with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD); serum creatine kinase tests had been carried out on 167 of these subjects who were of reproductive age. Carrier probabilities equal to or lower than the population risk (0.0004) were obtained for 21% of the aunts and 43% of the cousins of affected boys from families with an isolated case of DMD and for 14% of the cousins of affected boys from families with a known DMD history. DUCHEN should assist counsellors in determining which members of large families should be further examined using either standard biochemical carrier detection methods or DNA marker studies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1993

A system for quantitative morphological measurement and electronic modelling of neurons: three-dimensional reconstruction.

A system for accurately reconstructing neurones from optical sections taken at high magnification is described. Cells are digitised on a 68000-based microcomputer to form a database consisting of a series of linked nodes each consisting of x, y, z coordinates and an estimate of dendritic diameter. This database is used to generate three-dimensional (3-D) displays of the neurone and allows quantitative analysis of the cell volume, surface area and dendritic length. Images of the cell can be manipulated locally or transferred to an IBM 3090 mainframe where a wireframe model can be displayed on an IBM 5080 graphics terminal and rotated interactively in real time, allowing visualisation of the cell from all angles. Space-filling models can also be produced. Reconstructions can also provide morphological data for passive electrical simulations of hippocampal pyramidal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Contrasting approaches aim at similar network goals.

At any node on the network implementation timeline, whether in the first planning stages or after the bottom-line benefits are stacking up, networking is a compelling idea. So compelling, with flexibility, cost-cutting results and strengthened community resources, that it extends its influence into the future of the organizations it serves. Two institutions, University Hospital in Denver and the Medical Center of Delaware in Wilmington, Del., illustrate networking's tempting benefits. University Hospital disabled its mainframe, switching to an Ungermann-Bass Access One smart hub in January of this year. Their systems are added to the network one-at-a-time, with plans for complete integration once everything is working online. In contrast, the Medical Center of Delaware shifted to networking in 1987, following a five-year implementation plan. The completed, integrated network is now a strategic tool for containing costs an MCD.

Colorado↗
PubMed1986

A case for system security.

Mainframe security measures provided by the manufacturer, are adequate for normal security needs. However, a truly competent MIS security and/or hospital administration strategy must try to take advantage of the latest technological advancements as they become available. The integration of intelligent "dial-back" modems that "hang up" and then re-establish their communications link with a CRT terminal is now a requirement. However, finding a terminal with adequate stand-alone security devices is a different matter.

Computers↗
PubMed1995

HIS priorities in developing countries.

Looking for a solution to fulfill the requirements that the new global economical system demands, developing countries face a reality of poor communications infrastructure, a delay in applying information technology to the organizations, and a semi-closed political system avoiding the necessary reforms. HIS technology has been developed more for transactional purposes on mini and mainframe platforms. Administrative modules are the most frequently observed and physicians are now requiring more support for their activities. The second information systems generation will take advantage of PC technology, client-server models and telecommunications to achieve integration. International organizations, academic and industrial, public and private, will play a major role to transfer technology and to develop this area.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1987

A simplex procedure for fitting nonlinear pharmacokinetic models.

A convenient and readily modifiable nonlinear regression procedure, based on two Pascal programs, is described. This procedure, suitable for running on both microcomputers and mainframes, is presented as utilized in ongoing clinical pharmacokinetic work. One program uses the simplex algorithm to fit data conforming to any of six models of drug disposition. In addition to the regression terms, it generates logarithmic plots of the function and calculates derived kinetic variables of drug distribution, elimination and clearance. This program is driven by another which batches together required data and parameter information to build a control file for solving multiple curve-fitting problems.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1993

Dynamical monitoring network system for perinatal care.

A new type of monitoring network system for perinatal care is proposed and has been developed. The patient monitoring system and data analyzing system are connected by a local area network (LAN). The doctor can retrieve past sampled data and results of data analysis, and make a detailed analysis at the same time that the patient is being monitored. The mainframe of the hospital information system (HIS) is connected with a data server in the perinatal care area via LAN. The database in perinatal care is supplied to the HIS and the doctor through this monitoring network system. If data sampled at maternity clinics or hospitals are once transmitted to the data server on LAN via the public telephone circuit, these data are available for the specialists on LAN. This function is utilized for supporting the obstetricians.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1988

Biological applications of the SAS system: an overview.

The SAS system provides biologists with a flexible, easy to use software package for data analysis. Through a combination of data management tools, a wide variety of pre-programmed procedures for sorting, graphing, and statistical analysis and a sophisticated programming language, SAS software can perform all analytical needs for most problems. The recent availability of SAS software on mainframes other than IBM, and more recently on the microcomputer, means that most scientists can have access to the software. In this review we discuss the structure of the SAS language and demonstrate its power in the analysis of biological problems. Although to a lesser extent now than originally, the SAS system is statistically oriented and a working knowledge of statistics is recommended before using its statistical capabilities. However, all biologists will find its data management and summarization capabilities very useful.

Biology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An expert clinical diagnosis system for the support of the primary consultation].

In Brazil, as in other Latin American countries, there was a sharp increase in the number of medical schools in the past 20 years. The result was a steep increase in the number of physicians. These professionals are in many cases, however, poorly trained. As a consequence, public, as well as private health services, are exposed to professionals of great diversity of qualification. Few effective solutions have been proposed for this health services management problem. This paper presents a potential solution. It exposes preliminary results of field tests of an Expert System based on the first author's (Rozenbojm) three decades of experiences as a clinician, and medical residency advisor. The system was developed using ESE IBM Expert Systems language and a mainframe hardware. It was designed to support diagnosis based only in anamnesis and physical examination data, without lab or X ray support. Its original purpose was to increase the primary care physician's diagnostic and therapeutic accuracy. An initial test with specialist panels (endocrinology, cardiology, nephrology, G.O., gastroenterology, pediatrics and pneumology) revealed spell out a diagnostic and therapeutic concordance rate over 95 percent (based on real everyday practice cases brought by the specialists). A second test was performed in a private Health Care Network, at primary care level. In this case, concordance rate was over 83 percent in diagnostic aspects and 95 percent in the clinical orientation aspects. This expert system may be very useful for Health Services providing, first encounter standardization, medical graduate basic education and cost containment. The next proposed steps includes transcription of the software for personal computer utilization and an evaluation of its economic impacts.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of the order entry system by end users--a step to the new hospital information system.

Nagoya University Hospital has developed a new, comprehensive computerized hospital administration system since April 1992. In the present study, a user's evaluation questionnaire survey on the order entry system revealed that the improvements at the human interface level were appreciated by some respondents, but not all users felt the human interface provided, adequately meets their needs. Another presumed advantage of the micro-mainframe-link architecture is fast response, but in our study respondents considered the response time too long. Most users felt that transmission of orders was fast, accurate and clear, and that fast retrieval of the results of laboratory tests was good. Our system with this kind of architecture has thus proved satisfactory except for the slow response time. This study will be useful to reengineer our hospital information system in the next phase.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1993

Implementing computerized tracking at a community health center: challenges and solutions.

A computerized tracking system for both preventive care and chronic disease tracking was implemented at a community health center, using a PC based local area network interfaced with a mainframe scheduling and billing system. Initial database construction used downloads of historical billing data, but ongoing database maintenance is accomplished by using an optical mark-sense scanner to construct both billing and clinical tracking files from custom-designed encounter forms. In this way, expanded clinical data is collected with an actual reduction in manually keyed data, reducing the ongoing cost of the system.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed1990

Interactive graphics for the Macintosh: software review of FlexiGraphs.

While this product is clearly unique, its usefulness to individuals outside small business environments is somewhat limited. FlexiGraphs is, however, a reasonable first attempt to design a microcomputer software package that controls data through interactive editing within a graph. Although the graphics capabilities of mainframe programs such as MINITAB (Ryan, Joiner, & Ryan, 1981) and the graphic manipulations available through exploratory data analysis (e.g., Velleman & Hoaglin, 1981) will not be surpassed anytime soon by this program, a researcher may want to add this program to a software library containing other Macintosh statistics, drawing, and graphics programs if only to obtain the easy-to-obtain curve fitting and line smoothing options. I welcome the opportunity to review the enhanced "scientific" version of FlexiGraphs that the author of the program indicates is currently under development. An MS-DOS version of the program should be available within the year.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1998

Migrating towards a client server architecture: a successful application in a 2,200-bed general hospital.

Asan Medical Center (AMC) completed a major migration process of the hospital information system from a mainframe towards an open Unix client server architecture from August of 1993 to August of 1996. Along with the east wing extension of AMC, the number of inpatient beds is greatly increased from 1,000 to 2,200 and information transaction increased from 300,000 to 700,000. A gradual departmental migration strategy with local area network connection and data conversion between the two systems were applied. The successful migration process towards a client server architecture provided improved user interface, enhanced flexibility and productivity of the system, better integration with diverse medical devices and improved networking flexibility.

Academic Medical Centers↗