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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Evaluation of potential community resources for mental health].

OBJECTIVES: Within the framework of the mental health services regional organization, the objectives are to describe and assess a day-care type alternative, informal mental health care service model. METHOD: One hundred and twenty-nine subjects were studied in a stratified sample from 3 community organizations in a mostly urban subregion in Quebec. The data were collected in several steps with 3 types of respondents: the user, the clinical team, and the community organization. In addition to the GAS and MRSS scales, a questionnaire was used to establish a sociodemographic profile and a health profile (diagnosis, medication, hospitalizations, outpatient follow-up). The EDBES was also used to assess the need (or lack thereof) for 25 mental health care services and their use during the last month. RESULTS: Users are mostly individuals with severe and persistent disorders. Community organizations meet 40% of their needs. CONCLUSION: The 3 organizations play a key role in mental health care services. Their contribution, however, could be enhanced by increasing subsidies; this would allow for permanent staff and longer office hours and would improve coordination and cooperation with clinical treatment teams.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

Extending cultural competence through systems change: academic, hospital, and community partnerships.

Work on cultural competence has a long history in nursing, yet we have not successfully institutionalized these attitudes and skills throughout education and practice. An effective approach to promoting widespread cultural competence is to work at the system level in which coalitions of community agencies partner with academic and health care organizations. A systems approach includes all health practitioners, reducing current discrepancies across disciplines, and establishes cultural competence as the standard. Work in and with communities places students and practitioners more consistently in cross-cultural circumstances. Implementing this vision will require national as well as local leadership across public and private sectors.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2006

Applying community-based participatory research principles to the development of a smoking-cessation program for American Indian teens: "telling our story".

Community-based participatory research provides communities and researchers with opportunities to develop interventions that are effective as well as acceptable and culturally competent. The present project responds to the voices of the North Carolina American Indian (AI) community and the desire for their youth to recognize tobacco addiction and commercial cigarette smoking as debilitating to their health and future. Seven community-based participatory principles led to the AI adaptation of the Not On Tobacco teen-smoking-cessation program and fostered sound research and meaningful results among an historically exploited population. Success was attributed to values-driven, community-based principles that (a) assured recognition of a community-driven need, (b) built on strengths of the tribes, (c) nurtured partnerships in all project phases, (d) integrated the community's cultural knowledge, (e) produced mutually beneficial tools/products, (f) built capacity through co-learning and empowerment, (g) used an iterative process of development, and (h) shared findings/ knowledge with all partners.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Who benefits from community-based participatory research? A case study of the Positive Youth Project.

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has evolved as a popular new paradigm in health research. This shift is exciting, yet there is still much to discover about how various stakeholders are affected. This article uses a critical social science perspective to explore who benefits from these changes through an analysis of a CBPR case study (The Positive Youth Project). Two major categories of beneficiaries emerged: the research itself and the partner-stakeholders. The benefits, however, were not gained without substantial human resource investment, nor were they necessarily equitably spread. Participation costs included heavy demands of time, an added burden of work, frustration with the process, missing other opportunities, risking loss of anonymity, and loss of control. Care needs to be taken to ensure that concrete benefits accrue for all project partners and costs are minimized. Another way of framing benefits is to look at the community capacities built to address future health and social issues.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Promoting environmental justice through community-based participatory research: the role of community and partnership capacity.

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) increasingly is being used to study and address environmental justice. This article presents the results of a cross-site case study of four CBPR partnerships in the United States that researched environmental health problems and worked to educate legislators and promote relevant public policy. The authors focus on community and partnership capacity within and across sites, using as a theoretical framework Goodman and his colleagues' dimensions of community capacity, as these were tailored to environmental health by Freudenberg, and as further modified to include partnership capacity within a systems perspective. The four CBPR partnerships examined were situated in NewYork, California, Oklahoma, and North Carolina and were part of a larger national study. Case study contexts and characteristics, policy-related outcomes, and findings related to community and partnership capacity are presented, with implications drawn for other CBPR partnerships with a policy focus.

Community Networks↗
PubMed2006

Development of scales measuring the capacity of community-based initiatives.

This article describes the development of two measures for the capacity of local public health initiatives. Data obtained from a qualitative study of eight community-based initiatives served as the basis for the development of a survey instrument. It was administered to a national sample of both leaders and nonleaders of 291 such initiatives. Because survey results for leaders and nonleaders differed, results could not be combined into a single data set for analysis. Results for each data set were analyzed by employing exploratory principal components and factor analyses. A 44-item, six-factor scale resulted for leaders and a 38-item, five-factor scale resulted for nonleaders. The high degree of overlap (22 items) between the two scales resulted in a combined 60-item instrument that can be administered to both leaders and nonleaders but analyzed separately.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1999

Neighborhood solutions for neighborhood problems: an empirically based violence prevention collaboration.

Youth antisocial behavior is influenced, in part, by neighborhood context. Yet, rather than attempting to ameliorate factors contributing to youth antisocial behavior, service dollars are primarily devoted to expensive and often ineffective out-of-home placements. This article describes the development and implementation of a collaborative partnership designed to empower an economically disadvantaged neighborhood to address violent criminal behavior, substance abuse, and other serious antisocial problems of its youth while maintaining youth in the neighborhood. Through a collaboration between a university research center and neighborhood stakeholders, services are being provided to address the key priorities identified by neighborhood residents, and extensive efforts are being made to develop family and neighborhood contexts that are conducive to prosocial youth behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Establishing LA VIDA: a community-based partnership to prevent intimate violence against Latina women.

LA VIDA--the Southwest Detroit Partnership to Prevent Intimate Violence Against Latina Women--evolved in response to community concern about the problem of intimate partner violence (IPV) and the lack of culturally competent preventive and support services for Latino women and men in southwest Detroit. Since 1997, diverse organizations have mobilized as a community-academic partnership to ensure the availability, accessibility, and utilization of IPV services. This article describes and analyzes the evolution of LA VIDA within a community-based participatory research framework using a case study approach that draws on multiple data sources including group and individual interviews and field notes. The challenges and lessons learned in addressing a complex multifaceted problem such as IPV in an ethnic minority community are highlighted in an examination of the process of mobilizing diverse organizations, conducting community diagnosis and needs assessment activities, establishing goals and objectives within a social ecological framework, and integrating evaluation during the development phase.

Community Health Centers↗
PubMed2006

Creative partnerships for community health improvement: a qualitative evaluation of the Healthy Carolinians community micro-grant project.

This qualitative study evaluated a recent innovative strategy used to involve community-based organizations (CBOs) in implementing health-related projects through locally administered microgrants. The purpose of this study was to identify key elements that enabled the success of the CBO projects, barriers and challenges to project success, and ways to effectively engage CBOs as partners in local health initiatives. In addition, this study sought to identify aspects of this approach that can be replicated. Study findings revealed that microfinancing CBOs aided in building partnerships, developing local leadership and expertise, and providing resources that enabled progress toward CBO missions and goals. These positive outcomes far out-weighed barriers and challenges faced by CBOs. Furthermore, the results of this study revealed ideas and information that provide useful guidelines for establishing and administering microgrant projects through local organizations that encourage community groups to design and implement community based health initiatives.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMed2006

Engaging the community in coalition efforts to address childhood asthma.

For health improvement efforts to effectively address community needs, community members must be engaged in planning and implementing public health initiatives. For Allies Against Asthma's coalitions, the community included not only the subpopulation of individuals who suffer disproportionately from asthma but also the individuals and institutions that surround them. Through a quantitative self-assessment survey, informal discussion among coalition leadership, and interviews with key informants, data relevant to community engagement identified a number of important ways the Allies coalitions approached community involvement. Respondents' comments made clear that the way the coalitions conduct their work is often as important as what they do. Across coalitions, factors that were identified as important for community involvement included (a) establishing a commitment to community involvement, (b) building trust, (c) making participation feasible and comfortable, (d) responding to community identified needs, (e) providing leadership development opportunities, and (f) building a shared commitment to desired outcomes.

Asthma↗
PubMed2006

Sustaining tobacco control coalitions amid declining resources.

Mississippi is unique among the 50 states in settling a lawsuit against tobacco companies earlier than the Master Settlement Agreement, devoting a relatively high amount of per capita funding on tobacco control, and avoiding tobacco-control budget cuts. Using a social-ecological approach combining insider and outsider strategies, tobacco-prevention coalitions in Mississippi succeeded in sustaining funding despite serious obstacles. Lessons learned included taking specific actions to embed themselves in the local community, wisely aligning with legislators, choosing courageous and effective champions, and ensuring that people are keenly aware of their existence and efforts. In using these strategies, tobacco-prevention coalitions in Mississippi have become an institution of the community and in so doing helped sustain their funding.

Community Networks↗
PubMed1991

Smoking cessation among blacks.

The burden of cancer on the U.S. black population has been compounded by a high prevalence of smoking among blacks. Lung cancer among blacks is a serious public health problem, with a mortality rate of 119 per 100,000 among black males compared to 81 per 100,000 for white males. Blacks, both male and female, have lower quit rates for smoking than does the general U.S. population. Why more blacks than whites continue to smoke is not clear, but the National Cancer Institute has recently funded several research projects to facilitate smoking cessation among blacks. It appears from preliminary findings that smoking cessation efforts among blacks are most successful if they use broadcast media that reach black audiences, if they tailor their print materials to address the needs of black smokers, and if black community networks are utilized.

Adolescent↗