Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Colonoscopes”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Colonoscopic evaluation of middle aged patients with altered bowel habits.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of colorectal carcinoma in patients above 40 years of age presenting with altered bowel habits by colonoscopy. DESIGN: Descriptive study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Services Hospital, Lahore between August 2000 to August 2002. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A group of 50 consecutive cases presenting with altered bowel habits meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. History and physical examination were recorded on a specifically designed proforma. Colonoscopy was done in these patients and any abnormality found was reported and biopsy specimen taken and sent for histopathology. RESULTS: A total number of 17 patients presenting with altered bowel habits were found to be suffering from colorectal carcinoma by colonoscopy. Among these in 30% the lesion was in the rectum, in 9% the lesion was in the sigmoid colon, 6% in the descending colon, 4% at the splenic flexure, 5% in the transverse colon, in 16% the lesion was found at the hepatic flexure and in 30% the lesion was in the ascending colon and caecum. CONCLUSION: Frequency of colorectal carcinoma is high in patients above 40 years of age who presenting with altered bowel habits. They should be investigated preferably by means of colonoscopy which is the most complete method of investigation and diagnostic procedure of choice in patients with a clinical suspicion of colorectal carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The value of colonoscopic surveillance after curative resection for colorectal cancer or synchronous adenomatous polyps.

Between 1975 and 1984, 270 patients underwent a potentially curative resection for colorectal carcinoma. One hundred eighty-eight patients (70%) underwent preoperative colonoscopy, of which 129 patients (69%) were followed up with at least two postoperative colonoscopies. In 91 patients (70%), preoperative colonoscopy revealed no synchronous adenomatous polyps or cancer. Synchronous adenomatous polyps were found in 35 patients (27%), and three patients (2.3%) had a synchronous invasive cancer. Nineteen (54%) of the 35 patients with synchronous adenomatous polyps developed metachronous adenomatous polyps during the follow-up period compared with 24 (26%) of 91 patients without synchronous adenomatous polyps. The median interval to the development of metachronous adenomatous polyps was 19 months, and all of these polyps were 1 cm or less in size. Patients with synchronous adenomatous polyps less than 30 cm from the primary lesion (68%) developed metachronous polyps more often than did patients whose synchronous adenomatous polyps were more than 30 cm from the primary lesion (37%). Preoperative colonoscopy is important for determining synchronous pathology and identifying patients at risk for metachronous polyps.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Colonoscopic biopsy and cytology in the diagnosis of colon cancer.

Colonoscopy has revolutionalized the approach to the diagnosis and management of patients with colorectal neoplasia. When malignant-appearing lesions are visualized by colonoscopy, a variety of diagnostic techniques are currently available for the assessment of the nature of the lesion including biopsy, brush cytology, and lavage cytology. Comparison of results for biopsy alone with biopsy plus either or both cytologic techniques showed a positive yield of 60% for biopsy alone; 76% for biopsy and lavage; 89% for biopsy, brush, and lavage. When the cancers were divided into infiltrative and exophytic lesions the positive yield for biopsy alone was 33% for infiltrative, cancer, and 71% for exophytic cancer; for biopsy and lavage cytology, 44% for infiltrative cancer, and 94% for exophytic cancer; for biopsy and brush cytology, 78% for infiltrative, and 94% for exophytic cancer; and for biopsy, brush, and lavage cytology, 83% for infiltrative cancer, and 92% for exophytic cancer. The use of brush cytology improved the yield of tissue diagnosis considerably when added to the biopsy technique. Lavage cytology did not seem to increase significantly the diagnostic yield. The diagnostic yield of the various techniques was related not only to the specific combination of techniques used, but also to the gross tumor pattern.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

The management of colonoscopic and sigmoidoscopic perforation of the large bowel.

The treatment of 8 patients who sustained endoscopic perforation of the large bowel at this hospital in the past 5 years is described. Two had signs of general peritonitis and were operated on. One had a laparotomy under the same general anaesthetic as that during which perforation occurred. Of the remainder, 4 were treated conservatively, while no perforation was found at operation in the other case. All recovered. We conclude that when signs of general peritonism are absent and the patient's condition is good, expectant management with nasogastric suction, intravenous fluids and broad spectrum antibiotics should be adopted. Free gas on X-ray is not per se an indication for laparotomy. A defunctioning colostomy is often unnecessary in those patients treated operatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Colonoscopic follow-up after resection for colorectal cancer: a selective policy.

A policy of selective colonoscopy after resection for colorectal cancer was evaluated to assess the benefit of detecting missed synchronous and metachronous tumours in patients under 70 years of age with a good prognosis, and the possible risk of missing such lesions in those not screened. With preoperative barium enema and palpation at laparotomy, synchronous cancers and adenomas were found in 2 and 28 per cent, respectively, of 275 consecutive patients undergoing resection. Eighty-five patients were selected for postoperative colonoscopy, which was repeated at least once in 32, there being a total of 60 repeat examinations. Adenomas, but no cancers, were found in 19 patients (22 per cent) on first screening, but on repeat colonoscopy early metachronous cancers were detected in three patients (9 per cent) and adenomas on 21 examinations (35 per cent). Only one of the patients followed by clinical examination developed a symptomatic tumour. This suggests that postoperative colonoscopy is unlikely to benefit the majority but may be extremely important for young fit patients with continuing polyp formation who are at high risk of developing metachronous cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Clinical impact of colonoscopic screening in first-degree relatives of patients with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer.

Sixty-one asymptomatic individuals with an affected first-degree relative from five large hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) kindreds were screened by colonoscopy. Neoplasms were found in nine (15 per cent) of 61 individuals on the first screen. Five subjects had a single adenoma while two had two adenomas each. There were two patients (3 per cent) with malignant neoplasms: one with a Dukes B adenocarcinoma and one with synchronous Dukes C adenocarcinomas in the caecum and ascending colon. These findings support the hypothesis that adenomas do not occur in large numbers in HNPCC families but, because of the high malignant conversion rate, biennial colonoscopy with removal of polyps seen is recommended.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2007

Optical adjuncts for enhanced colonoscopic diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Optical techniques using previously unexploited properties of light interaction with tissue may be valuable in the detection, diagnosis and staging of colorectal neoplasia. METHODS: A Medline search (1990 to present) was conducted on optical diagnostics in the detection of colorectal neoplasia. The reference list of each identified article was reviewed for further relevant papers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Chromoendoscopy is the only optical adjunct to colonoscopy that has been tested in large randomized clinical trials. It improves the detection of small and flat colorectal adenomas, and of neoplasia in chronic ulcerative colitis and hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer. All other techniques are the subject of ongoing research and the practicality of population screening with any of the methods has yet to be established. Optical techniques may, however, permit immediate clinical diagnosis, removing the need for histological analysis. They may also improve the diagnosis of early colonic neoplasia.

Colonoscopy↗
PubMed1992

Intestinal Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis in an HIV-infected patient: diagnosis by ileo-colonoscopic biopsies and long-term follow up.

A 39-year-old patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was diagnosed as having intestinal Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis after persistent watery diarrhea for 30 months and a 16-kg weight loss. Microsporidian parasites were found by light and electron microscopy in tissue specimens of the duodenum, jejunum, and terminal ileum, and by light microscopic examination of stool specimens. When duodenal tissue sections obtained 16 months previously were reviewed retrospectively, E. bieneusi was also found. Until now, diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis has been based on examination of bioptic specimens of the upper small intestine because the sensitivity of new coprodiagnostic techniques has not been determined. Our findings of ileal microsporidiosis show that examination of the terminal ileum and ileal biopsy collection in tandem with colonoscopy is indicated for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and suffering from unexplained chronic diarrhea. The long-term course of our patient demonstrates that E. bieneusi, although not necessarily life threatening, can cause protracted debilitating diarrhea and wasting in severely immunodeficient patients.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Non surgical management of colonoscopic bowel perforation.

Five patients (four males, and one female, median age of 60 years) with colonoscopy-related bowel perforations were managed between January 1993 and June 1994. One patient had a difficult colonoscopy whereas four patients had polypectomies or biopsies. Abdominal pain was the main presenting symptom at a median of 3 h (range 2 to 12 h) following colonoscopy. Four patients demonstrated free pneumoperitoneum whilst one showed a pelvic abscess. Following non-surgical management, abdominal signs diminished after 24 to 48 h and disappeared by the fifth day in all patients. All patients were discharged well at day seven (range 5 to 9 days) and have remained well at 12 months of follow-up (range 3 to 18 months).

Acute Disease↗