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Results for “Child Reactive Disorders”

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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Children's reactions in the early months after the death of a parent.

The reactions of a nonclinical group of 125 dependent children aged 6-17 years were examined within four months of the death of a parent. Focus was on normative behavior in the domains of the children's reactions to the death itself, their affective experience, their efforts at remaining connected to the deceased, their social network and support system, and changes in their families resulting from the death.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Impact on children of abduction by a parent: a review of the literature.

It is estimated that 350,000 children are abducted by members of their families annually. A review of the published research reveals that little is known about the impact of this traumatic event on the children. Factors reported to affect their functioning after recovery by the searching parent are identified, and implications for further research are suggested.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Post-disaster service provision following proactive identification of children with emotional distress and depression.

OBJECTIVE: Proactive, school-based psychological testing for emotional distress and depression was employed 6 months after a bushfire disaster. The service provision aim was to provide children with the greatest emotional distress the relatively limited therapeutic resources available in the post-disaster environment. Specific hypotheses were tested: that the prevalence of emotional distress and depression would be elevated 6 months post disaster; that emotional distress would be correlated with traumatic events; and that depression would be related to experiences of loss. METHOD: Six months after a bushfire disaster grade 4, 5, and 6 students (n = 601) participated in screening using a test battery measuring emotional distress, depressive symptoms and trait anxiety. RESULTS: Twelve percent (n = 72) of children experienced severe emotional distress 6 months after the bushfire. Rates of depression were similar to rates in non-traumatised child community samples. Multivariate analysis suggested that emotional distress was significantly associated with trait anxiety, evacuation experience, the perception that parents may have died during the bushfire, and depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were associated with total distress score, trait anxiety and perception of threat to the parents. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial mental health morbidity was identified 6 months after a bushfire disaster. The usefulness of post-disaster service provision influenced by proactive screening is discussed and reasons for further research highlighted.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Children's responses to everyday marital conflict tactics in the home.

Mothers' and fathers' reports of marital conflicts in the home were obtained (n = 1,638 and 1,281 conflicts, respectively), including conflicts in front of the children (n = 580 and 377, respectively). Participants were 116 families with children 8 to 16 years old (M = 10.82 years, SD = 2.17; 58 boys, 58 girls). Children's emotional responses indicated distinctions between distressing conflict tactics (i.e., threat, personal insult, verbal hostility, defensiveness, nonverbal hostility, marital withdrawal, physical distress) and those that increased their emotional security (i.e., calm discussion, support, affection). Analyses based on cross-reporter informants of parental conflict and child responses strengthened confidence in the findings. Conflict tactics were related to marital functioning, and children's emotional reactions during marital conflicts were associated with their adjustment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1993

Children's exposure to community violence: following a path from concern to research to action.

This paper discusses the antecedents and current progress of an ongoing program of research on the nature, extent, and consequences of children's direct and indirect exposure to violent events and settings. Involvement in such research has sensitized the authors to difficult ethical and methodological challenges that, we believe, merit consideration by mental health scientists and policy markers. Resolution of those challenges has substantive implications for both subsequent research and the application of resultant findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Hallucinatory experiences in a community sample of Japanese children.

OBJECTIVE: Hallucinatory experiences in children are often thought to indicate serious psychopathology. However, they have also been reported in normally developing children and in association with temporary psychological reactions to acute stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hallucinatory experiences in a nonclinical population of children and to examine the relationship between the modality and content of hallucinations and psychopathology. METHOD: Seven hundred sixty-one Japanese children, 11 to 12 years old, completed a battery of four measures: (1) a questionnaire about the type of hallucinatory experience, (2) the Children's Depression Inventory, (3) the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, and (4) the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale. RESULTS: Approximately 21% of the subjects had experienced hallucinations. Subjects who had experienced hallucinations, in particular, hallucinations characterized by combined modalities, closely self-related auditory content, or concrete visual content, had more significant psychopathology than did those who had never experienced hallucinations. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic intervention should be considered for children who experience hallucinations in association with depression, anxiety, or dissociation.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Families with handicapped children--who helps whom and how?

So much has been written about handicapped children and their families that one hesitates to add to this, but, equally, relatively little seems to have been discussed about all the various professions who are together concerned with helping these children and their families and how this can best be achieved. Secondly, it seems even more important that the caring professions should be aware of what these families feel about "the help" which they are given--only by knowing this can we all learn how to work more effectively together.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Coping with family transitions: winners, losers, and survivors.

This article presents the results of a longitudinal study of the effects of divorce and remarriage on children's adjustment. It was found that individual characteristics, such as children's temperament, family relations, and extrafamilial factors, played an important role in exacerbating or buffering children from negative consequences associated with their parents' marital transitions. Although boys in divorced families and children in remarried families showed more problems in adjustment than did children in nondivorced families, some also showed remarkable resiliency in the face of multiple life stressors.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

Mourning is a family affair.

Mourning is a process of social disengagement. In our modern society, however, the influence of social and religious institutions on the process of mourning has significantly diminished and been partially replaced by mental health clinics. Given the latter's penchant for the intrapsychic view, the perspective on mourning has become reduced to the individual. These trends are clearly reflected in a review of current literature and research on mourning. This paper proposes an interactional, systemic view of mourning through the analysis of two different families. Findings indicate that despite contextual differences between these two families, some basic commonalities render generalizations possible: (a) The selection of the identified patient is not coincidental to the stage of the family life cycle and to the role of the deceased member in the system. (b) Although death affects each individual differently, depending upon his or her relationship with the deceased, it continues to influence all family relations with equal powers. (c) Nonresolution of mourning permits a ghost to become an integral member of the family system. Examination of the treatment process demonstrates that a systemic approach is effective, even when individuals are interviewed alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Onset of chronic illness in children and adolescents: psychotherapeutic and consultative intervention.

Patients with disparate chronic illnesses exhibit specific and similar reactions during the onset of disease. This paper suggests the importance of psychological intervention during the initial stages of disease, and makes recommendations for psychotherapeutic and consultative management of the patient. Consideration is given to the effects of such intervention on both patient and psychotherapist.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

The effects of congenital heart disease on cognitive development, illness causality concepts, and vulnerability.

This study suggests that childhood cardiac illness has a depressive impact on the attainment of conservation tasks, but does not affect illness causality conceptualization. The group of twelve ill children studied appeared to feel somewhat more vulnerable to illness in general, especially when projecting to adult health status, than did a matched group of healthy children.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

Factors influencing the severity of childhood bereavement reactions.

As part of a longitudinal study of 25 preadolescent kibbutz children who lost their fathers during the October War of 1973, child, family, and circumstantial variables were examined in an effort to assess their relative contribution to the intense emotional disturbance exhibited by half of the group. Findings suggest that pretraumatic family and environmental factors are significant determinants of the duration and severity of bereavement.

Child↗
PubMed1988

A hierarchical model for evaluation of child sexual abuse.

Many symptoms and kinds of behavior have been reported as sequelae to sexual abuse in childhood. A hierarchical model is proposed that will help diagnosticians to integrate the child's symptomatology into their evaluations of possible sexual abuse. The relevance of the specific presentation of symptoms to treatment planning is discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗