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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae NPS1 gene, a novel CDC gene which encodes a 160 kDa nuclear protein involved in G2 phase control.

We have cloned the gene NPS1 (nuclear protein of Saccharomyces) which encodes a nuclear protein of mol. wt 156 735 Daltons (1359 amino acids) essential for cell growth. NPS1 contains a 2 kb sequence that is highly homologous to the S. cerevisiae SNF2/GAM1 gene known as a transcriptional regulator for multiple genes. However, the NPS1 gene was found to have a distinct function from SNF2/GAM1. The growth of the cells carrying a nps1 delta :: URA3 deletion allele and galactose-inducible NPS1 on a plasmid was arrested under NPS1-repressed conditions with a cell cycle arrest phenotype, being arrested at the large-bud stage with a single nucleus that had a DNA content of G2/M phase. When the arrested cells were further incubated under NPS1-repressed conditions, re-replication of DNA occurred in some of the arrested cells without passage through mitosis. In the predicted amino acid sequence of NPS1, sequences homologous to the catalytic domain of protein kinases were found. We constructed a mutation which results in the substitution of a highly conserved lysine residue (Lys792) in the presumed ATP-binding site of this kinase-like domain with a glutamic acid codon. The mutant gene failed to rescue the growth defect caused by NPS1 disruption, suggesting that Lys792 is essential for the function of NPS1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2006

Factors influencing laboratory workers' decisions to accept or decline anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA): results of a decision-making study in CDC's anthrax vaccination program.

BACKGROUND: Laboratory technicians, laboratory supervisors, decontamination/remediation workers, and environmental investigators are at increased risk for repeated occupational exposure to Bacillus anthracis. In 2002, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended pre-exposure vaccination for these occupational groups. OBJECTIVES: To determine (1) the factors that influenced an individual's decision to either accept or decline Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA), and (2) if laboratory workers' concern about AVA safety was related to their information needs and trust in the information provided. METHODS: We conducted a decision-making survey of 404 participants at 44 Laboratory Response Network laboratories located throughout the United States. All participants were enrolled between October 2002 and December 2004, and all were eligible to receive AVA according to the 2002 ACIP recommendations. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used in the analyses. RESULTS: The response rate of eligible individuals at participating laboratories was 94% (404/430). Sixty-six percent of respondents accepted and 34% declined AVA. Laboratory workers who declined AVA were more likely to rate their risk of exposure to inhalation anthrax as low (OR = 6.9; 95%CI 1.7, 28.3), report being very concerned (OR = 4.1; 95%CI 1.8, 9.3) or concerned (OR = 2.0; 95%CI 1.3, 3.1) about the safety of the vaccine, report that they did not trust the information provided in the Vaccine Information Statement (VIS) (OR = 2.3; 95%CI 1.1, 4.5), and to be enrolled in the study during 2002 (OR = 24.7; 95%CI 6.4, 95.3) or 2003 (OR = 5.0; 95%CI 2.5, 9.8), the first 2 years of the study. Furthermore, we found a significant association between a participant's level of concern about the safety of AVA and their perception that they received enough information and/or trusted the information in the VIS. CONCLUSIONS: Low perceived necessity, concern about the safety of the vaccine, and a lack of trust in the VIS were associated with the decision of laboratory workers to decline AVA. Results of this decision-making study may be used to try to improve acceptance rates of AVA among persons considered at high risk, and may inform educational efforts for other adult vaccines.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Identification of both Myt-1 and Wee-1 as necessary mediators of the p21-independent inactivation of the cdc-2/cyclin B1 complex and growth inhibition of TRAMP cancer cells by genistein.

BACKGROUND: The G2/M cell-cycle arrest is one mechanism by which genistein exerts its anti-proliferative effects, and the proposed underlying causes encompass the transcriptional repression of cyclin B1 and the activation of p21. However, the involvement of upstream kinases Myt-1 and Wee-1 in this arrest remains to be elucidated. METHODS: Myt-1 and Wee-1 modulation by genistein was examined via Western blot analysis and the effect of their inhibition by siRNA on cyclin B1 levels/localization, cdc2 kinase activity, and cellular proliferation of genistein-treated TRAMP-C2 cells was determined. RESULTS: The sustained G2/M arrest by genistein in TRAMP-C2 cells is associated with increased phospho-cdc2(Tyr15), decreased cdc2 protein, and cytoplasmic retention of cyclinB1, resulting in decreased cdc2 kinase activity independently of p21. Genistein treatment increased Myt-1 levels and decreased Wee-1 phosphorylation. Downregulation of Myt-1 and Wee-1 by siRNA restored cdc2 levels, its kinase activity, cyclinB1 nuclear localization, and partially restored cell proliferation of genistein-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS: Myt-1 and Wee-1 rather than p21 are necessary for genistein-induced G2/M arrest in TRAMP-C2 cells and their inhibition partially restores proliferation of TRAMP-C2 cells in the presence of genistein.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Induction of "General Control" and thermotolerance in cdc mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae starvation for a single amino acid activates the transcription of a set of genes belonging to different amino acid biosynthetic pathways (General Control, GC). We show that mutants affected in GC regulation are also affected in their response to thermal stress. Moreover, growth conditions that are known to induce heat shock proteins induce the GC response. However, unlike heat shock proteins, the transcriptional activator of GC, GCN4, is not induced after a short exposure to heat, and in gcn mutant strains induction of heat resistance is normal.

DNA-Binding Proteins↗
PubMed1985

Suppression of temperature sensitive mutations in oncogene-related CDC genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by catabolite repression resistance and cytoplasmic petite mutations.

The "start" cell division control genes CDC36 and CDC28 have been reported to contain a certain sequence homology to tissue oncogenes (ets and some protein kinase encoding oncogenes respectively). Here we report that temperature sensitive mutations in these genes are suppressed in cytoplasmic "petite" mutants and catabolite repression resistant mutants.

Genes, Fungal↗
PubMed1982

Fulminant onset of Crohn's disease of the colon (CDC). An observation of six cases.

Six female patients are described with a fulminant onset of Crohn's's disease involving the whole of the colon. The initial picture resembled that of an acute infectious diarrhea, but rapid clinical deterioration with pronounced weight loss, major anal complications, toxic megacolon, and erythema nodosum necessitated reappraisal of the diagnosis. Extensive endoscopy and multiple biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of pancolitis in all patients. Only one patient needed resection. Recognition of such fulminant onset as a distinct clinical modality in Crohn disease of the colon and starting treatment immediately upon diagnosis is probably important in preventing the development of a critical clinical situation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infections due to Actinomyces neuii (former "CDC coryneform group 1" bacteria).

Sixty-seven patients with infections in which the recently proposed species Actinomyces neuii was involved were observed during a 4 1/2-year period. Microbiological as well as clinical features of the patients are presented. A. neuii does not cause typical actinomycosis and is detected most often in material from abscesses or infected atheromas. One case of a fatal septicemia caused by A. neuii in a non-immunocompromised host was seen. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of A. neuii isolates and results of various treatment regimens are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1988

Identification of Corynebacterium jeikeium and Corynebacterium CDC group D2 with the API 20 Strep system.

A total of 170 strains of Corynebacterium jeikeium and 23 strains of Corynebacterium group D2 were examined in three British laboratories using the API 20 Strep identification system and three supplementary tests (catalase production, urease production and nitrate reduction). The isolates were collected from clinical specimens in various laboratories over a three-year period. The two species produced consistent reactions in these tests after 24 h. Two tests were highly discriminatory, with positive reactions for ribose fermentation seen for Corynebacterium jeikeium while urease production was observed with Corynebacterium group D2. This method allows routine clinical laboratories to rapidly identify these emerging pathogens.

Corynebacterium↗
PubMed1993

Adherence of Corynebacterium urealyticum (CDC group D2) and Corynebacterium jeikeium to intravascular and urinary catheters.

The ability of Corynebacterium urealyticum, Corynebacterium jeikeium and other control strains to adhere to two intravascular catheters (polyvinyl chloride and Teflon) and one urinary catheter (Teflon-coated rubber) was studied. Results demonstrated that the Corynebacterium species adhered to all catheter materials in greater numbers than a control strain of Micrococcus luteus (p < 0.001). There was not a clear difference in the ability of the strains of Corynebacterium jeikeium and Corynebacterium urealyticum to adhere to the catheters tested, so that differences other than this property could explain their different pathogenicity for humans.

Bacterial Adhesion↗
PubMed2003

Does overweight in infancy persist through the preschool years? An analysis of CDC Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System data.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether overweight in infancy (0-11 months) and young childhood (12-35 months) persists through the preschool years. METHODS: Analysis of longitudinal surveillance data for 380 518 low-income children monitored in the U.S. Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System from birth to age 59 months. Overweight was defined as weight-for-height > or = 95th percentile. We determined the proportion of the children (overweight vs non-overweight) above or below the 95th percentile of weight-for-height at the later ages. RESULTS: The relative risk (RR) for overweight among overweight infants (vs non-overweight infants) at 1, 2, 3 and 4 years old was 4.3, 3.5, 3.3, and 2.9, respectively. 62.5% of overweight 3-year-old was still overweight a year later, but only 4.1% non-overweight 3-year-old became overweight a year later (RR = 15.2). However, low birth weight children had the highest RR to remain overweight after they became overweight compared to normal and high birth weight children. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight during infancy persists through the preschool years. Tracking of overweight appears to become stronger as children get older and is more pronounced among low birth weight children than normal or high birth weight children. Monitoring preschoolers' height and weight status should be a strategy for preventing of obesity in adolescence and adulthood.

Body Height↗
PubMed2000

The 1998 CDC Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines.

Health care providers who evaluate persons who have or are at risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) should be aware of current national guidelines for STD treatment and should provide assessment and treatment according to these recommendations. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention STD Treatment Guidelines were developed by using an evidence-based approach incorporating available scientific evidence, specialist knowledge, and consultation with professional organizations and other agencies with diverse perspectives on STD treatment. The guidelines provide recommendations about new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of primary and recurrent genital herpes, a novel patient-applied therapy for genital warts, additional parenteral alternative regimens for the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease, oral therapy for vaginal candidiasis, and alternative regimens for treatment of chlamydia in pregnancy. Expanded sections in the guidelines also address the management of urethritis, recognition of the acute retroviral syndrome, and the emergence of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Prevention of sexually transmitted hepatitis A and hepatitis B through the use of preexposure vaccinations is discussed.

Journal Article↗