Salivary enzymes. Origin and relationship to periodontal disease.
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The development of prepubertal periodontitis in Papillon-Lefévre syndrome (PLS) has been studied in 2 siblings, 12 and 8 years of age, since they were 5 and 3 years of age, respectively. Results of the treatment which comprised mechanical and chemical plaque control as well as systemic tetracycline medication, are reported. Extraction of temporary teeth, resulting in edentulousness prior to eruption of permanent teeth in the youngest child seemed to prevent destructive periodontitis from developing in the permanent dentition. After institution of continuous tetracycline medication in the oldest child at the age of 10 years, periodontitis with attachment loss did not occur in new sites. The possible rôle of specific micro-organisms in the progression of PLS-periodontitis is discussed.
This article discusses the use of tetracyclines in the clinical management of periodontal infections. A review of the drugs pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and potential adverse effects shows that they are relatively safe if used in appropriate dosages and under controlled conditions. Current data suggest that the routine use of tetracyclines in conjunction with the treatment of periodontitis is unnecessary. However, their distinctive characteristics can be utilized in different delivery systems as an adjunctive aid to conventional treatment of juvenile and refractory forms of periodontitis.
Immunohistochemical methods were used to study the distribution and patterns of collagen type III and fibronectin (FN) in human gingiva, their appearance in normal and several periodontal diseases were compared and discussed. It is found that type III collagen and FN are distributed consistently throughout the connective tissue. In inflamed gingiva, both of them are greatly diminished (P < 0.01). It is suggested that they should be in coordination with each other in the maintenance of normal gingiva and the decrease in amount may play a role in the development of periodontal disease.
This position paper was prepared by the Committee on Research, Science and Therapy of The American Academy of Periodontology and is intended for the information of the dental profession and the public. It represents a brief summary of the current state of knowledge, about periodontal diseases in children and adolescents.