Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Tuberculosis, Spinal”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Tuberculosis of the spine and spinal cord.

Tuberculosis remains an important problem in underdeveloped countries, especially in individuals under the age of 20 years. In developed countries, there was an increase of the disease due to several factors, especially the appearance of A.I.D.S. The arterial haematogenous seeding is the most important way to the propagation of the disease to the rachis. The bacillus mycobacterium tuberculosis is characterized by a slow growth, propention for an oxygen rich environment and the absence of proteolytic enzymes. These characteristics are responsible for the imaging particularities of tuberculous osteomyelitis. The diagnosis can be confirmed by the bacteriologic and histological studies from samples removed by punction biopsy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

[Tuberculosis of the posterior vertebral arch. Apropos of 2 cases].

Spinal tuberculosis involving vertebral arc occurred in two patients. The first case had a single lesion presenting as a pseudo-tumoral feature. The second one had plurifocal tuberculosis peripheral and spinal one. The needle biopsy permitted the diagnosis in the two cases. Computed tomography showed the vertebral arch lesions with details and contiguous corporeal involvement. Clinical and radiological improvement was obtained after medical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Spinal cord disorders and their treatment in patients with tuberculous spondylitis over 50 years old].

A total of 157 patients aged 50-83 years who suffered from spinal tuberculosis were examined. The specific features of spinal disorders were established. A great role in the progression of paralyses was given to chronic spinal blood supply disorders. Two types of spinal lesion are clinically and roentgenologically described, these included adult and senile ones. One hundred and nineteen patients were operated on. Interventions enabled complete and partial recovery of spinal function in 88% of cases. The efficacy of the treatment depended on how early and adequately anterior spinal decompression was performed and how multimodal the postoperative therapy was, which included vasoactive, neurotrophostimulating therapy and early rehabilitation of patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

[Determination of calcitonin and parathyrin in blood serum in the diagnosis of tumor metastases to bone].

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone concentrations were determined using a radioimmunoassay in the blood serum of lung, breast and kidney cancer patients who had undergone combined treatment for major disease, healthy males, patients with spinal tuberculosis and patients with eosinophilic granuloma of the cranial bones. A significant rise of the calcitonin level and change in the ratio of calcitonin and the parathyroid hormone were established in the blood serum of patients with tumor metastases to the skeleton, spinal tuberculosis and eosinophilic cranial granuloma. During cancer patients' monitoring the determination of calcitonin is recommended as a screening test for skeletal metastases to select patients for gamma-topographic investigation.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis spondylitis.

We report a case of multidrug-resistant spinal tuberculosis complicated by epiduritis and paraspinal abscess in a 68-year-old black woman. Multidrug-resistant tuberculous spondylitis is still rare in Belgium. Two others cases were reported from 1992 to 1997. The optimal therapy is not standardized and the mandatory duration of treatment is not known. Clinical presentation, radiological findings, and treatment are presented. The need for prompt diagnosis and optimal therapy is emphasized.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

The effect of age on the change in deformity after anterior débridement surgery for tuberculosis of the spine.

STUDY DESIGN: This article evaluates how an immature spine responds to anterior débridement surgery (without bone grafting) for spinal tuberculosis during growth and development. Sixty-three patients were studied, 29 of whom were children aged 10 years or less at the time of surgery, whereas the remaining 34 subjects were adults. These patients were the subject of the Medical Research Council Working Party's prospective study, started in Hong Kong in the mid-1960s. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate how an immature spine responds to débridement surgery for tuberculosis, during growth and development, to determine whether there are differences in the longitudinal pattern of deformity between children and adults, and to determine the influence of disproportionate spinal growth on the progression of deformity in children. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: All patients were followed prospectively for a mean period of 19.6 years after débridement surgery. The mean age at surgery for children (n = 29) was 4.3 years and for adults (n = 34) 35.3 years. METHODS: The kyphos and deformity angles were measured from lateral spinal radiographs obtained at preoperative evaluation and postoperatively at 6 months, 1 year, 5 years, and at final follow-up evaluation using an electronic digitizer. RESULTS: The results showed that the longitudinal pattern of changes in the mean kyphos and deformity angles in young children presented a picture slightly different from that in adults. The mean angles were increased at the 6-month and at 1-year evaluations after débridement surgery in both groups. Afterward, in children there was some spontaneous correction in these mean angles, whereas in adults these angles showed variation according to the site of lesion during the follow-up years. Statistical analysis according to the site of spinal lesion showed that in thoracic tuberculosis, there was an increase in kyphos and deformity angles at the 6-months postoperative evaluation (more in children than in adults). There were no significant changes in these angles from the 1-year to the final follow-up evaluations. In thoracolumbar tuberculosis, there were significant increases in kyphos and deformity angles at the 6-month postoperative evaluation, and thereafter adults did not show any significant change until final follow-up examination, whereas children showed a tendency toward spontaneous correction, although this finding was not statistically significant. In lumbar tuberculosis, there was an equal tendency toward spontaneous correction in children and adults from 1 postoperative year onward. CONCLUSIONS: The authors could find no evidence of disproportionate posterior spinal growth, which has been suspected in the past to be a factor involved in contributing to progression of kyphotic deformity after anterior débridement surgery for spinal tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Spinal aspergillosis in nonimmunocompromised host mimicking Pott's paraplegia.

The aim of this report is to highlight the less-known aspergillus spondylitis (AS) that may completely mimic Pott's paraplegia, leading to occasional but expensive diagnostic error, as the chemotherapeutic management of the two is different. A case of a patient with the diagnosis of Pott's paraplegia who turned out to have aspergillus spondylitis is described. Issues and difficulties regarding the differentiation between these two forms of spine infection and their therapeutic implications are discussed. We conclude that differential diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis (TB) should include aspergillus spondylitis, as cure of spinal aspergillosis, especially in early stages, is possible with surgery and/or antifungal agents, and morbidity and mortality are high in neglected cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Tuberculosis in diabetic patients in Tanzania.

During a 1-7 year follow-up of 1250 African diabetic patients at Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam, 68 (5.4%) were known to have developed pulmonary tuberculosis and two (0.2%) spinal tuberculosis. In 18 (25.7%) of the 70 patients tuberculosis was diagnosed prior to the diagnosis of diabetes, and in 32 (45.7%) after the diagnosis of diabetes. In 20 (28.6%) patients tuberculosis and diabetes were diagnosed at approximately the same time with most presenting with symptoms of diabetes. The prevalence of tuberculosis was greater in the young, in those with a low body mass index (BMI), in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus compared to those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (9.0% vs 2.7%) and in those whose diabetes was poorly controlled. Seventeen (24.3%) of the 70 patients are known to have died. Pulmonary tuberculosis may progress rapidly and a high index of suspicion is required. It remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients in developing countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Sacral bone tuberculosis in a 6 year-old child].

BACKGROUND: Spinal tuberculosis is now rare in developed countries; its appearance in sacral vertebrae is exceptional. CASE REPORT: A 6 year-old boy was admitted because he had suffered from lumbar pain and rigidity for 24 hours, limiting anterior flexion. X-rays of the spine was normal, but a CT-scan showed lytic lesions of the sacrum. Bone scintigraphy showed no inflammatory lesions. Ewing sarcoma was diagnosed: surgical biopsy showed a cold abscess containing many bacilli that where resistant to decoloration with acid-alcohol. They were cultured for 12 days and identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The boy had been given a BCG vaccination at the age of 2 years and was not immunodeficient. He was treated with isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide for 2 months followed by isoniazid plus rifampin for 1 year. A cold abscess in the presacral area rupturing into the sacro-iliac articulation pointed above the left iliac wing during treatment and was treated by surgical debridement. Eighteen months later, the boy is well but still avoids bending. CONCLUSION: A sacrally located bone tuberculosis is difficult to diagnose. Careful therapy is necessary to avoid sequelae that may lead to spinal curvature.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Tuberculosis of the spine.

Chemotherapeutic agents remain the cornerstone of treatment for spinal tuberculosis. The arguments that surgery is necessary for biopsy and to allow for removal of infection and its byproducts have been usurped by advanced biopsy techniques and trials demonstrating resolution of infection and most abscesses using chemotherapy. Although chemotherapy alone has been demonstrated to be effective for some neurologic deficits, those lesions that may be safely treated without surgery remain to be fully defined. Modern imaging techniques have allowed more precise diagnosis and identification of neural compression and the extent of bony involvement. Refinement and popularization of anterior surgical techniques have made decompression and reconstruction relatively safe in experienced hands. Lesions that possess a propensity towards kyphosis are more readily identifiable. The use of instrumentation in the face of active disease appears to be promising, though at present there is a relative paucity of supporting data. Despite these advances in treatment, it must be borne in mind that ultimately, the diagnosis of this relatively uncommon disorder must precede the treatment.

Abscess↗
PubMed1994

Tuberculosis of the neural arch. A report of four cases.

Four cases of spinal tuberculosis involving the posterior neural elements are reported; all the patients were from Africa. The condition is rare and its incidence may be different in different races. Neural arch involvement is likely to be associated with neurological complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Angular kyphosis as an indicator of the prevalence of Pott's disease in Transkei.

To understand better the prevalence, distribution and major causes of sagittal spinal deformity in a rural homeland, the authors conducted a study of angular kyphosis in the spines of 2,329 Transkei patients. Thirty-one (1.33%) had angular kyphosis. Lateral chest radiographs were obtained from 22 of these patients. Radiographic kyphotic angles ranged from 28 degrees to 130 degrees (mean: 70.3 +/- 7.6). The vast majority (81%) demonstrated classical clinical and/or radiographic findings of tuberculous aetiology. Less frequent aetiologies included fractures (2), osteoporosis (1), congenital malformation (1) and kyphosis of unknown origin (2). Eleven of the kyphotic patients were seeking care for unrelated problems and were asymptomatic in respect of their kyphoses. As a subset, the asymptomatic individuals demonstrated a similar aetiological distribution, with 73% strongly suggestive of tuberculous aetiology. The prevalence of asymptomatic angular kyphosis in this unselected Transkei patient population was 0.47% +/- 0.14%. In this hospital-based study, angular kyphosis proved a valuable marker for spinal tuberculosis. Because tuberculous spondylitis is more successfully treated when detected early, spinal palpation should be included in the routine physical examination of patients or populations at risk for tuberculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Pott's disease and extrapleural anterior decompression. Results of 108 consecutive cases.

Between 1973 and 1988, 108 patients with a preoperative diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis were treated by anterior extirpation and interbody fusion at Ankara University Medical Faculty, Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology Department. In 96 cases the operations were performed intrapleurally, as Hogston described. For 12 patients who had spinal involvement at lower thoracic and upper lumbar segments an extrapleural and extraperitoneal approach was used. The extrapleural approach is strongly recommended for patients who have compromised pulmonary reserve. When this approach is used adequate exposure can be obtained and postoperative rehabilitation of patients is facilitated. Advantages and disadvantages of the extrapleural approach and the results obtained from 108 patients are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

MRI demonstration of cervical spondylodiscitis and distal full-length bilateral paraspinal cold abscesses successfully treated by drug regimen only.

OBJECTIVE: Cold abscesses, although common in spinal tuberculosis, are usually localized to the level of infection, follow tissue planes, and may extend into the spinal canal at any level. They may cause symptoms resulting from neurovascular compression, hemorrhage, and direct mass effect. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We present an unusual case of cervical tuberculous spondylodiscitis in a 25-year old man with a cold abscesses involving the retropharyngeal, mediastinal, and retroperitoneal areas bilaterally. The abscess tracked from the neck to the psoas muscles bilaterally. Following the diagnosis the patient received 9 months of antituberculous therapy. RESULTS: MRI showed resolution on medical treatment alone. CONCLUSIONS: Even in the presence of massive paravertebral cold abscesses medical treatment alone may well suffice for this common worldwide disorder. MRI is ideal for monitoring regression of massive abscesses in deep anatomical locations.

Abscess↗
PubMed1999

Tuberculosis of spine (C1 to D4).

CLINICAL DATA: Thirty-one patients with 33 lesions of spinal tuberculosis (C1-D4) are reported. The distribution of lesions was C1-C2 (11), C3-C6 (13), C7-D4 (9). Neurological complications were present in 6 (55%), 8 (61%) and 7 (78%) in each region respectively. DIAGNOSIS: Increase in the prevertebral soft tissue shadow in a standard radiograph was a useful guide to resort to CT Scan/MRI to diagnose tuberculosis of C1 and C2 region at an early (pre-subluxation) stage. The diagnosis of TB spine from C3-C6 was made confidently on clinico-radiological features. The anterior convexity and forward displacement of tracheal shadow of more than 8 mm from the vertebral bodies in a lateral view of plain X-ray and widening of superior mediastinum in an AP X-ray are useful indicators of tuberculous involvement at cervicodorsal region (C7-D4). CT Scan/MRI should be done for early diagnosis in those cases with a high index of suspicion. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: 12/33 lesions without neural complications healed with antitubercular drugs and the use of suitable orthosis. Out of 21 lesions with neural complications 14 recovered by local rest, skull traction and multidrug therapy. Seven lesions were surgically decompressed. Of these, five recovered completely, two did not achieve useful recovery. The neural recovery following the middle path regimen for tuberculosis of C1-D4 was 90% in our cases.

Adolescent↗