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At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Electromyocartography of the posterior and inferior wall of the abdomen during extension of the torso].

Analysis of the functions of the muscles of the inferior and posterior regions of the trunk was carried out by electromyocartography for the basic movements of extension of the trunk in ventral decubitus. For a given subject, the results varied little with time. By contrast, the results were substantially the same from subject to subject in the case of only one movement : extension of the caudal portion of the trunk combined with extension of the hips. A functional balance-sheet can be based only on this movement. The sacro-spinalis (without attempting to determine the respective roles of the various bundles) seems to be the only one involved in certain movements of extension of the trunk: Its action is at a maximum, highly variable, when the extension involves both the caudal and the cranial portions of the trunk; It is considerable in the extension of the caudal portion alone, and Moderate in the extension of the cranial portion alone.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1992

Imaging of the human torso using cone-beam transmission CT implemented on a rotating gamma camera.

Radionuclide transmission CT generated on a rotating gamma camera can improve SPECT imaging by providing attenuation maps for attenuation compensation and for anatomical correlation. This paper demonstrates the feasibility and high quality of cone-beam transmission CT (CB-CT) of human subjects, in comparison to conventional parallel-ray CT, and evaluates some possible imaging protocols. Two CB-CT implementation modes, with a cone-beam collimator and without any collimator, were evaluated. Three human subjects of different dimensions were imaged. For the two smaller subjects, the CB-CT images were dramatically superior, in terms of noise and resolution, to those obtained with a parallel-ray geometry. The image noise was less by a factor of 6. CB-CT linear attenuation coefficients were found to be in close agreement with published values for various tissues. For the largest subject, image truncation produced a ring artifact at the edge, but inside the artifact, the image quality was still very good. Cone-beam images obtained without any collimator were acceptable, but photon scatter degraded the image contrast.

Body Height↗
PubMed1988

Total enteral nutrition versus total parenteral nutrition after major torso injury: attenuation of hepatic protein reprioritization.

Reprioritization of hepatic protein synthesis, a process involving accelerated production of acute-phase proteins at the expense of constitutive proteins, accompanies major trauma. The impact of isocaloric, isonitrogenous total enteral nutrition (TEN) versus total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on hepatic reprioritization was investigated in a prospective, randomized trial. Of the 59 patients with an abdominal trauma index (ATI) greater than 15 but not more than 40, 45 evaluable patients were followed. Results from 36 (18 TEN, 18 TPN) evaluable patients revealed that mean serum levels of acute-phase proteins increased, whereas mean serum levels increased to a greater extent in the TPN group. The maximal increase from baseline for the acute-phase response in both groups occurred at postinjury day 5 and was significantly higher for alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT, p = 0.03) and orosomucoid (p = 0.02) in the TPN group. Nonacute-phase proteins reached a nadir at day 10 in the TPN group and increased in the TEN group; significant differences between TEN and TPN groups appeared for albumin (p = 0.004) and retinol-binding protein (RBP, p = 0.03); alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) approached significance at day 10 (p = 0.07). When change from baseline values was compared, day 10 increases in alpha 2M were significantly higher (p = 0.04) in the TEN group. These data suggest that postinjury TEN attenuates reprioritization of hepatic protein synthesis in patients sustaining major trauma.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantification of lumbar function. Part 5: Reliability of range-of-motion measures in the sagittal plane and an in vivo torso rotation measurement technique.

Intra- and intertester reliability of a previously described technique for measurement of sagittal plane lumbar spine motion was assessed. Results demonstrated a high degree of reliability of this technique. Sagittal plane norms for men and women are also presented. In addition, a pilot study of a simple in vivo measurement method for lumbar torsion is described and tested on a group of control subjects and a group of chronic low-back pain patients.

Adult↗