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PubMed1999

The influence of tooth wear on root canal dimensions.

The objective was to investigate the relations between tooth wear and root canal dimensions. The experimental group comprised 100 cuspids (canines), 50 of which had advanced abrasion and 50 were without it The dimensions of root canal were investigated at the light microscope level in order to define their vestibulo-oral and mesio-distal diameters in all three thirds. In the groups of teeth without abrasion the MD diameters of root canaliculi in their cervical thirds were greater than in the teeth with advanced abrasion. In the apical third the MD diameters of canaliculi were highly variable in teeth with no signs of abrasion. In the group of teeth with abrasion the MD and VO diameter values of the cervical thirds were significantly smaller than in the group of teeth without abrasion. In the mid-thirds the values of MD diameters were highly variable in the group of teeth with abrasion, whereas the VO diameter values were much greater than in the teeth without abrasion. As regards to the apical thirds, the VO diameter values were greater than in the control teeth. The data presented herewith contribute to better knowledge about tooth wear and are highly useful in restorative and reconstructive dental procedures.

Cuspid↗
PubMed2000

Age estimation by occlusal tooth wear.

The purpose of the present investigation was to test the accuracy of a new scoring system in recording tooth wear for age estimation. The material consisted of dental stone casts of 383 volunteers who had sound premolars and molars with normal occlusion. The degree of occlusal wear for all premolar and molar teeth was scored with the new system. The high intra- and inter-examiner concordances showed that the new score system was very reliable. The degree of tooth wear showed a significant positive correlation with age in each and every examined tooth of both males and females. Tooth wear scores of males were higher than those of females. Calculating tables for age estimation were designed and the accuracy of age estimation was obtained with the General Linear Models procedures. Our system could provide estimation of an individual's age within +/-3 years in 42.4% of males and 49.4% of females, within +/-5 years in 61.8% of males and 63.3% of females. When the subjects were divided into two age groups and data were re-treated, the accuracy of age estimation was increased. Collectively, it was shown that our new system for scoring tooth wear is a reliable and accurate method for age estimation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Restoring anterior aesthetics and occlusion.

The use of Empress2 material in this specific case produced the strong restoration desired and allowed reproduction of natural vitality and translucency. The results offered by the material exceeded patient as well as doctor expectations.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Air abrasion: fixing the cutting edge.

The cutting edges of the anterior teeth can be preserved and/or restored using proper concepts and instrumentation. Air abrasion is uniquely well-suited for preparing the class VI restoration.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1999

Extreme dentistry: using all-ceramic materials to restore teeth in a police canine with destructive mouth behavior.

Due to their aggressive temperament and the nature of their work, dental injuries are common in military and law enforcement canines. From an image and public relations standpoint, "tooth colored" restorations are most desirable, however traditional porcelain fused to metal crowns have performed poorly under these unusual demands. This article will discuss the use of Vita In-Ceram under extreme conditions.

Aggression↗
PubMed2000

The dental needs, demands and attitudes of a group of homeless people with mental health problems.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the dental needs, demands and attitudes of a group of homeless people living in a hostel in Birmingham, many of whom had mental health problems. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN: Seventy subjects underwent a dental examination. The clinical criteria for the examination were especially selected to be simple and cause minimal discomfort to the subject, but be reproducible and cover the wide range of conditions expected to be found. Five of the subjects were selected to take part in semi structured interviews. RESULTS: Thirty-one per cent of the subjects were found to be edentulous, with only 32% wearing dentures. The dentate subjects had a mean DMFT (+/-SE) of 15.9 (+/-7.8). High levels of dental need were found amongst the dentate subjects who had an average of 3.6 (+/-3.9) decayed teeth and 54% had one or more teeth with obvious pulpal involvement. Eighty-five per cent of the dentate subjects had some dental wear leading to exposed dentine. The periodontal condition was generally poor, 50% of dentate subjects having excessively mobile teeth. The interviews revealed a low level of perceived need and indicated that difficulties would be encountered in tailoring services to meet this client group's requirements. CONCLUSIONS: High levels of normative need were found in this group of people, however it was concluded that providing dental services to meet this need would prove difficult.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Tooth wear and loss: symptomatological and rehabilitating treatments.

The authors report a clinical case that presented tooth wear and absence, with painful muscular and articular symptomatology, and also alteration in deglutition, mastication and speech. The clinical procedures used were re-establishment of vertical dimension of occlusion, mandibular centric relations, and occlusal contacts through therapeutic removable partial dentures. The condyle position was analyzed in habitual occlusion and in occlusion with dentures, through transcranial radiographs of the temporomandibular joints. Oral rehabilitation was achieved with dental restoration and removable partial dentures.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Severity, distribution, and correlates of occlusal tooth wear in a sample of Mexican-American and European-American adults.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to determine the severity, distribution, and correlates of tooth wear in a sample of Mexican-American and European-American adults drawn from a community-based longitudinal aging study on oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The maxillary teeth of 71 subjects enrolled in a longitudinal aging study were assessed using a previously introduced five-point (0 to 4) ordinal scoring system in which each tooth is given a score describing the severity of wear. The tooth wear scores were compared with data concerning demographic factors, functional/parafunctional habits, soft drink consumption, and bite force measurements to determine specific correlates of tooth wear. RESULTS: The mean wear score for all teeth was 1.50 on the five-point scale. There was a significant difference between the mean wear score of anterior teeth (1.85) and posterior teeth (1.17). Bivariate analyses detected a moderate degree of correlation between maxillary tooth wear and age and bite force. Maxillary tooth wear was significantly greater in males and in subjects with reported teeth clenching/grinding. Multivariate analyses revealed that age, gender, bite force, self-reported teeth clenching/grinding, and number of daily meals/snacks had significant correlations with maxillary tooth wear. CONCLUSION: The overall severity of maxillary tooth wear in this sample of Mexican-American and European-American adults was low, with anterior teeth having a greater degree of wear than posterior teeth. Age, gender, bite force, teeth clenching/grinding, and number of daily meals/snacks are potential factors that may have contributed to tooth wear in the study sample.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Wear evaluation of MZ100 compared to ceramic CAD/CAM materials.

The material and antagonist wear of two CAD/CAM ceramic materials, the laboratory-processed IPS Empress ceramic, and the composite mill block material MZ100 were tested in an artificial wear simulator with human enamel as the antagonistic material. The material samples underwent 50,000 test cycles (1 cycle per second, 50 N) in distilled water. The wear of the material samples and of the opposing enamel was documented after 30,000 and 50,000 cycles with replicas, digitized, and evaluated with a 3D evaluation system. The loss of volume and height caused by wear was calculated. No significant difference between the ceramic materials could be found either in the amount of material or in the amount of antagonist wear. The material wear of MZ100 differed significantly from Vita Mark II only in terms of volume loss. Regarding height loss, MZ100 exhibited a significantly higher wear than all ceramic materials. The wear of the enamel antagonists does not differ significantly between the ceramic materials. With MZ100, however, a significantly smaller amount of enamel wear was found when compared with Empress and Vita Mark II. Despite the highest material wear, MZ100 had the lowest material wear rate, the lowest enamel wear rate, and the lowest total wear rate. The laboratory-processed IPS Empress material had a clearly higher material wear rate than the CAD/CAM materials.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed2002

Restoring function and esthetics in a patient with amelogenesis imperfecta: a case report.

Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary disorder that affects enamel on primary and permanent teeth. It is a rare dental disease but represents a major restorative challenge for the dentist. A 14-year-old boy presented with sensitive, discolored, and mutilated teeth and a decreased vertical dimension of occlusion. The aim of treatment was to reduce dental sensitivity, to restore esthetics, and to correct the vertical dimension of occlusion. To modify the occlusion, and to protect the dentin from chemical and thermal attacks, nickel-chrome onlays were placed on the molars. To improve the esthetics of the incisors and premolars, resin composite restorations were applied. The patient was regularly recalled during the postoperative period. Radiographic and clinical examinations 10 months posttreatment revealed no evidence of disorders associated with the restored teeth or their supporting structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Prosthetic rehabilitation of extremely worn dentitions: case reports.

The stomatognathic system is a complicated structure, and patients usually adapt to their existing vertical dimension of occlusion. Therefore, prosthetic rehabilitation of decreased vertical dimension of occlusion should be considered only when dictated by esthetic or functional requirements. If the loss of vertical dimension is significant, provisional prostheses should be used before the final prosthesis to prevent tension or pain in the temporomandibular joints and the muscles as the patient adapts to the new dimensions. Acrylic resin provisional prostheses were used for three patients before the final prosthesis was fabricated with the restored vertical dimension of occlusion. The period of use varied, depending on the patient's individual adaptive ability. The important aspect is to find the most comfortable position for the patient.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The evolution of human occlusion--ancient clinical tips for modern dentists.

Man evolved in an environment in which the occlusion was worn down quickly, resulting in flattened occlusal and interproximal surfaces. This rapid wear reduced occlusal decay, traumatic occlusion, malaligned teeth, impactions, and temporomandibular disease (TMD). In the last 250 years, however, new food production techniques created an environment that was less dentally abrasive than earlier diets. Teeth were not worn down as programmed in our "evolutionary blue-print." This lack of wear resulted in increased caries, cusp fractures, bruxing, malocclusion, periodontal disease, and TMD. A practical re-creation of ancient dental wear patterns can help to reduce these modern dental diseases.

Animals↗