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Results for “Time Perception”

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At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Delayed decrement of the nerve impulse propagation during induced limb ischaemia in chronic hepatic failure.

Sensory thresholds for vibrations and electrical shocks and the sensory nerve conduction velocity (median nerve) were measured during 30 minutes of induced limb ischaemia in 10 normal subjects and 15 patients with chronic hepatic failure. Sensory action potentials were recorded simultaneously at the wrist and elbow. Seven patients (group A) had a normal perception time for vibrations. As in normal subjects, the potential amplitude decreased from the onset of ischaemia, more pronounced at the elbow than at the wrist, and the conduction velocity became reduced more rapidly in the wrist-elbow than the first digit-wrist segment, indicating impulse propagation with decrement. Eight patients (group B) had a markedly prolonged perception time for vibrations. The reduction of potential amplitude and conduction velocity was considerably delayed, and the impulse propagation showed no evidence of decrement for 20-25 minutes of ischaemia. A rise of the threshold for electrical shocks was absent or very delayed. As in the two other groups, the rise was abrupt and occurred at the moment when the potential below the occluding cuff (elbow) was extinct. In both groups of patients there was an increasing temporal dispersion of action potentials and in patient group A a desynchronization of the late phase of the potential took place early in the course of ischaemia. Differences between groups A and B could not be predicted from the pre-ischaemic nerve conduction data.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Musical versus visual graphs: cross-modal equivalence in perception of time series data.

By applying multidimensional scaling procedures and other quantitative analyses to perceptual dissimilarity judgments, we compared the perceptual structure of visual line graphs depicting simulated time series data with that of auditory displays (musical graphs) presenting the same data. Highly similar and meaningful perceptual structures were demonstrated for both auditory and visual modalities, showing that important data characteristics (function slope, shape, and level) were perceptually salient in either presentation mode. Auditory graphics may be a highly useful alternative to traditional visual graphics for a variety of data presentation applications.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1995

Perception and production of temporal intervals across a range of durations: evidence for a common timing mechanism.

Study participants performed time perception and production tasks over a set of 4 intervals ranging from 325 to 550 ms. In 3 experiments, variability on both the production and perception tasks was found to be linearly related to the square of the target intervals. If the perception and production of short temporal intervals use a common timing mechanism, the slopes of the functions for the 2 tasks should be identical. The results of Experiment 1 failed to support this prediction. However, when the 2 tasks were made more similar by providing a single (Experiment 2) or multiple (Experiment 3) presentations of the target interval per judgment or production, the perception and production functions were nearly identical. The results suggest that temporal judgments and productions are based on an integrated internal representation of the target interval rather than reference to an internal oscillatory process.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Impaired perception of vocal emotions in Parkinson's disease: influence of speech time processing and executive functioning.

Little is known about the underlying dimensions of impaired recognition of emotional prosody that is frequently observed in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Because patients with PD also suffer from working memory deficits and impaired time perception, the present study examined the contribution of (a) working memory (frontal executive functioning) and (b) processing of the acoustic parameter speech rate to the perception of emotional prosody in PD. Two acoustic parameters known to be important for emotional classifications (speech duration and pitch variability) were systematically varied in prosodic utterances. Twenty patients with PD and 16 healthy controls (matched for age, sex, and IQ) participated in the study. The findings imply that (1) working memory dysfunctions and perception of emotional prosody are not independent in PD, (2) PD and healthy control subjects perceived vocal emotions categorically along two acoustic manipulation continua, and (3) patients with PD show impairments in processing of speech rate information.

Affect↗
PubMed1997

First-time mothers' perceptions of prenatal care services.

This study sought to uncover information regarding prenatal care services as reported by primiparas. Inadequate prenatal care has been linked with the delivery of low birth weight (LBW) infants and infant mortality. This secondary analysis of a larger study (N = 426) examined the need for and availability, accessibility, and use of prenatal care services by primiparas (n = 141). Results indicated that primiparas delivering LBW infants reported less satisfaction with information on birth control and less information on infant feeding. In addition, mothers of LBW infants reported more often than mothers of normal birthweight infants that transportation and finances were barriers to prenatal care. Childbirth preparation class was the only predictor variable for birth weight in this study.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The effect of a nasal spray consisting of a standardized mixture of citrus limon (succus) and an aqueous extract of Cydonia oblongata (fructus) on nasal mucociliary clearance].

In a three-way-crossover study in 18 healthy male and female subjects aged from 20 to 49 years the influence of a 1% and 3% solution of a standardized composition of Citrus limon, succus, and extract from Cydonia oblonga, fructus (Gencydo) on the intranasal mucociliar clearance was investigated after multiple administration. The pH of the solution was about pH 2.3-3.2. The dose regimen consisted of 20 puffs (0.13 ml per puff) in each nostril within 24 h, which was by factor 3-10 higher than the usual therapeutic dosage of 2-6 puffs per nostril and 24 h. The mucociliar transport time was measured by a modified saccharin test, where 1 microliter of a 3-molar aqueous sodium saccharinate solution was applicated at the inferior nasal turbinate 1 cm from its anterior end using a glass capillary microliter pipet. This test was performed at screening examination, before each administration period, directly after each 24 h treatment period and 24 h after the end of each treatment. The time of initial taste perception could be defined with high precision by the volunteer since it appeared very spontaneously. Neither after intranasal administration of the 1% and 3% Citrus/Cydonia solution nor after placebo solution a prolongation of the perception time was found. It could be concluded that there is no measurable influence of the test products on the intranasal ciliar function.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed2001

Students' perceptions of time spent during clinical rotations.

Some rotations during clinical education are characterized by a high number of hours spent per week in the hospital because students panicipate in a hospital on-call system, i.e. hours beyond usual working hours, e.g. at night. However, students complain about spending too many hours in the hospital on non-instructive activities. This study was undertaken to investigate differences among rotations in time spent in hospital, in on-call hours, in self-study and in non-instructive activities and to investigate the relationship between time spent on the various activities and the overall effectiveness as perceived by students. A questionnaire was administered to students at the end of various clinical rotations. Rotations differ considerably in time spent in hospital, on call (i.e. beyond usual working hours), on self-study and on non-instructive activities. In some rotations students report spending on average 18-20% of their time in the hospital on non-instructive activities. Furthermore, the numbers of hours spent in hospital do not correlate with the overall effectiveness as perceived by students, unless the numbers of hours spent in non-instructive activities are taken into account. The effectiveness of a rotation does not automatically improve if students spend more hours in hospital. The number of hours spent on non-instructive activities should be reduced in some rotations and should be kept as low as possible. Further research is needed to find out which activities are perceived as non-instructive.

Journal Article↗