Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “TELEVISION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

ATTRACT--applications in telemedicine taking rapid advantage of cable television network evolution.

ATTRACT is a project that intends to provide telemedicine services over Cable Television Networks. ATTRACT is an European Commission funded project (Healthcare Telematics). The main objective of ATTRACT is to take advantage of emerging European Cable Television network infrastructures and offer cost-effective care to patients at home. This will be achieved through a set of broadband network applications that competitively provide low cost interactive health-care services at home. The applications will be based on existing or developing European Cable Television network infrastructures in order to provide all kind of users with affordable homecare services. It is ATTRACT's intention that citizens and users benefit from high quality access to home telemedical services which also implies cost savings for patients, their families and the already over burdened health institutions. In addition, the European industries will have extensive opportunities to develop, evaluate and validate broadband network infrastructures providing multimedia and interactive telemedical services at home. ATTRACT contributes to the EU telecommunications and telematics policy objectives that promote the development and validation of "applications and services" which "provide an intelligent telematic environment for the patient in institutions and other points of care that helps the patient to continue, as far as possible, normal activities and external communication".

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stand by...you're on! Physiotherapy on community television.

A 12-month trial of a community television series entitled Physiotherapy and Your Health has been completed. The evolution and philosophy of the series are described. Mechanics of production, limitations, and potential scope for other television series on physiotherapy, in areas served by community television outlets, are presented.

Health Education↗
PubMed2000

The mass media and the prevention of child behavior problems: the evaluation of a television series to promote positive outcomes for parents and their children.

This paper examines the impact of a 12-episode television series, "Families", on disruptive child behavior and family adjustment. This media intervention comprises the first of a five-level early intervention parenting and family support strategy, known as Triple P (Positive Parenting Program). Fifty-six parents of children aged between 2 and 8 years were randomly assigned to either watching the television series or to a waitlist control group. Compared to the control group, parents in the television viewing (TV) condition reported significantly lower levels of disruptive child behavior and higher levels of perceived parenting competence, immediately following intervention. Prior to intervention approximately 42.9% of the children in the TV condition were in the clinically elevated range for disruptive child behavioral problems. This had reduced to 14.3 % following intervention. In addition, a high level of consumer acceptability was reported by parents in the TV condition. All post-intervention effects were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Implications for public health approaches to family mental health are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Edgar Buchanan: dentist and popular character actor in movies and television.

Edgar Buchanan, D.D.S., pursued a diverse mix of careers during his lifetime: as he practiced dentistry, he also worked as a popular film and television actor. Although he eventually relinquished a full-time dental practice for acting, he continued his commitment to clinical dentistry. Acting in 100 films and four television series across a 35-year span (1939-1975). He personified a scheming, yet well-meaning rustic who specialized in "cracker-barrel" philosophy. Typically, he was cast in classic western movies as a bewhiskered character actor. In several films he played a frontier dentist who was always portrayed in a sympathetic and authentic manner. His unique gravelly voice, subtle facial expressions, folksy mannerisms and portly build enabled Buchanan to step into a wide variety of character roles. His most memorable television role was in the classic situation comedy, "Petticoat Junction," (1963-1970), where he played Uncle Joe, a folksy, lovable, free-loader whose many entertaining schemes created chaos.

Dentists↗
PubMed1975

An evaluation of a high resolution closed-circuit television link in a hospital radiology department.

We have installed and developed a high resolution closed-circuit television system for transmission of radiographic film images from the emergency room in our hospital to the reading room in our radiology department. Using this system, the radiologist can consult promptly on all films and he has increased efficiency. To transmit high detail images, our television system uses a high resolution vidicon camera with a scan rate of 1029 lines and with a limiting resolution of 1200 TV lines. To further increase the overall diagnostic value of our system, we have added remote controls for changing the magnification, illumination and position of the film. In a preliminary clinical trial, seven radiologists were each shown 27 patient film sets transmitted through the television system and then viewed directly on a conventional view box. An analysis of variance of the accuracy rates in each method showed a statistical difference in methods. Even though the error rate was slightly higher using closed-circuit system, radiologist performance was of acceptable accuracy when considering the advantages of the system. In addition, many of the factors reducing the TV system performance have been eliminated or controlled, and further experiments should reflect an even smaller difference between the two methods.

False Positive Reactions↗
PubMed2000

[Gil-Vernet anti-reflux operation by united application of television laparoscopy and vesicourethral laparoscopy].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the possibility of united application of television laparoscopy and vesicourethral laparoscopy in Gil-Vernet operation. METHODS: The animal model of vesicourethral reflux (VUR) was established using rabbits. The Gil-Vernet operation was carried out by united application of television laparoscopy and vesicourethral laparoscopy. RESULTS: The VUR model was successfully established in 13 rabbits, and the reflux was successfully cured by microsurgical methods. CONCLUSIONS: This method had the advantages of television laparoscopy, vesicourethral laparoscopy and the Gil-Vernet such as no dissection of inner part of ureter-bladder wall, small wound, less bleeding, fast recovery, less complication and possible repetitive operation. It can be used in ill children with VUR.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Does watching violence on television cause apathy?

The hypothesis that exposure to televised violence serves to increase children's toleration of real-life aggression was investigated. Fifth-grade boys and girls were exposed to either a violent television excerpt or a nonviolent, exciting control program. Immediately thereafter, each child was lead to believe that he had been given responsibility for monitoring the behavior of two younger children. Subjects who had witnessed the aggressive television program were found to be significantly slower to summon appropriate adult aid when the younger children began to argue and fight than were subjects who had viewed the control film.

Aggression↗
PubMed2003

Donated television airplay of colorectal cancer education public service announcements--United States, 1999-2002.

To help communicate the importance of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, in 1999, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) launched the "Screen for Life: National Colorectal Cancer Action Campaign" (SFL) (http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/screenforlife) as one of many strategies addressing the prevention and early detection of CRC. As a central part of this campaign, public service announcements (PSAs) were developed to take advantage of the influence and reach of television to encourage Americans aged > or = 50 years to get tested for CRC. This report summarizes an assessment of donated television airplay that SFL PSAs received during March 1999-February 2002. According to data obtained from Arbitron Inc., a research firm that monitors broadcast media in the United States, SFL PSAs were broadcast 41,624 times, amounting to approximately 4.3 million dollars in donated television airtime. As DHHS and others promote CRC screening, CDC will continue to release and track airplay of SFL PSAs and examine the collective influence that SFL and other educational efforts and strategies have on CRC screening rates in the United States.

Advertising↗
PubMed1992

Visual attention to and comprehension of television in attention-deficit hyperactivity disordered and normal boys.

This study examined the effects of distracters on the television viewing of diagnosed ADHD (n = 19) and normal (n = 20) boys who ranged in age from 6 to 12 years. Subjects were videotaped watching four 7-min segments of "3-2-1 Contact," once in the presence and once in the absence of highly appealing toys. The results indicated that, while in the presence of toys, ADHD boys spent one-half as much time as control boys attending to the television. However, when toys were absent, there were no significant differences in visual attention between ADHD and normal boys. The effect of the toy manipulation was most dramatic with younger children of both groups. Recall of didactic content by ADHD boys and normal subjects did not differ significantly, even when the attention of ADHD boys was reduced. These findings suggest that ADHD children, like their normal counterparts, are active and strategic viewers of television.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Alcohol consumption in television programming in three English-speaking cultures.

Previous research relating television advertising and alcohol consumption indicates no meaningful relationships. This study focused on observed drinking behaviour in comedy, soap opera, drama, and police/detective programmes produced for British, American and Canadian television. Results indicated British television fiction had three times the amount of alcohol consumption seen in either American or Canadian programming. In spite of this more frequent portrayal of alcohol consumption, examination of World Drinking Trends and other alcohol-related statistics (i.e. cirrhosis and alcohol-related auto accidents) indicated no greater level of alcohol misuse in the U.K. than in Canada or the United States. In fact, available statistics indicate significantly lower rates of liver cirrhosis in Britain as opposed to Canada and the United States. Hypotheses regarding the absence of relation between fictional and actual alcohol consumption were discussed.

Advertising↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ergonomic evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of television and optic magnifiers for reading by the weak-sighted].

The author analyzes the results of examinations of visual working abilities of 64 poor-sighted children making use of different correction means in reading and compare the data obtained in reading with optic and television amplifiers before and after 15 min reading a text written in standard type. The findings evidence that the work (reading) induced significant functional disorders both in the sensory and motor components of the visual system; in patients with vision acuity of 0.1 or higher vision fatigue was lower if an optic correction means was employed, and in patients with vision acuity below 0.1 diopters the fatigue was lower if a television amplifier was employed. Recommendations on improvement of television devices for reading and employment of various correction means for poor-sighted subjects are given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Advertising of medicines on New Zealand television.

AIMS: To measure the frequency of advertising of medicines on New Zealand television and to describe the distribution of advertising. METHODS: A stratified random sample of 35 days (577.5 hours) of television was video-recorded, including five free to air channels for each day of the week. Videotapes were watched, then advertisements were recorded on a pre-designed form. RESULTS: 340 advertisements for medicines were identified, an average of 1 per 102 minutes; 37% of advertisements were for medicines available for general sale, 24% for dietary supplements, 21% for pharmacy- or pharmacist-only medicines, and 18% for prescription-only medicines. Four channels had similar amounts of advertising. Channels varied in the kind of medicines they had advertisements for. There were more advertisements per hour in the afternoon than in the morning or evening. Advertisements for medicines were found in a wide range of programmes, including children's programmes. CONCLUSIONS: People who watch particular programmes, or who watch television at some times of days may be exposed to considerably more than one medicine's advertisement per 102 minutes. While this study does not examine the effect of medicines advertisements on consumer behaviour, previous research suggests this may be significant.

Advertising↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-dependent association of exposure to television screen with children's urinary melatonin excretion?

OBJECTIVES: Changes in magnetic field are associated with a decrease in nocturnal urinary melatonin excretion. Television screens emit low and very low frequency electromagnetic waves (radiofrequencies and light) and exposure to them may be associated with a decrease in 24-hour melatonin in children's urine. Design and setting. An observational study in schools of Cavriglia, Italy, determined melatonin in 24-hour urines from 42 boys and 32 girls 6 to 13 years of age after one week of watching TV and after another week of abstaining from watching TV. RESULTS AND MAIN FINDINGS: In a gender- and age-dependent fashion, exposure to a television screen was associated with lower urinary melatonin concentrations, affecting particularly younger children at a pubertal stage when important changes in melatonin's time structure occur. CONCLUSION: Additional work should test further relations to growth, maturation and development, focusing on any adverse effect from exposure to a television screen also on obesity from a neuro-hormonal viewpoint, quite apart from any decreased activity and/or other lifestyle alterations associated with watching TV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Implacable images: why epileptiform events continue to be featured in film and television.

Epileptiform events have been portrayed in film since 1900 and on television since the 1950's. Over time, portrayals have not reflected medicine's understanding of epilepsy. At present, it is unlikely that individuals who do not have a close relationship with someone with a seizure-disorder will witness a seizure. Because fictive and often incorrect images appear increasingly, many think of them as accurate depictions. The research addresses three questions in relation to these images: How do directors use the images? Why do uses of seizures in visual media not reflect contemporary scientific knowledge? Why have they persisted and increased in use? Data consist of material from 192 films and television episodes. The general category of seizures includes seizures in characters said to have epilepsy or some other condition, seizures related to drug or alcohol use, pseudoseizures and feigned seizures, and, a category in which, for example, someone is described as "having a fit." The research demonstrates how epileptiform events drive the narrative, support the genre, evoke specific emotional reactions, accentuate traits of characters with seizures, highlight qualities of other characters through their responses to the seizures, act as catalysts for actions, and enhance the voyeuristic experience of the audience. Twenty video sequences are included in the manuscript. The authors conclude that the visual experience of seizures remains so enthralling that its use is most likely to increase particularly on television, and that as the public has less experience with real seizures, depictions in film will continue to be more concerned with what the image can do for the show and less interested in accurate portrayals. Ways to influence depictions are suggested.

Attitude↗
PubMed1991

Alcohol on the television and in viewers' experience.

This study explores television viewers' perceptions of the portrayal of alcohol use in prime-time television programmes, and viewers' attitude toward alcohol use in real life. The actual incidence of the portrayal of alcohol use on television during the same period of the survey was also taken into consideration. These perceptions and attitudes were scrutinized for factors of risk in terms of the development of alcohol-related problems in South Africa with a view to assisting preventive agents in devising rational and timeous preventive programmes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Does television affect learning and school performance?

Television is ubiquitous in American households and is becoming a pervasive force in the growth and development of American children. More time is spent watching television than in formal classroom instruction. Early studies, which failed to control for IQ and socioeconomic status, showed variable effects of heavy viewing on school performance. Later, better controlled studies have consistently demonstrated a significant deleterious effect of more than 1 or 2 h/day on academic performance, particularly reading scores. Innovative school programs that teach children how to watch television critically and appropriate management strategies for parents are discussed.

Achievement↗
PubMed1986

The relationship of television viewing to physical fitness and obesity.

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which light, moderate, and heavy television viewing relates to multiple measures of obesity and physical fitness among 379 high school males. The Body Mass Index and Tucker's Perceived Somatotype Scale were employed to assess obesity; physical fitness was measured by six tests: pushups, pullups, sidestep, long jump, situps, and jog-walk. Results showed that light television viewers scored significantly better than heavy viewers on a composite fitness index and on pushups, pullups, sidestep, situps, and jog-walk considered individually. Similarly, light viewers performed better than moderate viewers on the composite fitness measure and on pushups, pullups, and jog-walk. Light viewers displayed a strong tendency toward better fitness than moderate viewers on the long jump, situps, and sidestep tests, although statistical significance was not attained. Light viewers were not significantly less obese than moderate or heavy viewers. Statistical control of the demographic variables, applied simultaneously, had little influence on the associations found in this study. The findings indicate that for purposes of good physical fitness, television viewing should be limited to one hour or less per day.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Television's impact on children.

Television has a major impact on children's knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Research has demonstrated the association between television viewing and four areas: (1) children's aggressive behavior; (2) racial and sex-role stereotypes; (3) decreased interest in reading and school activities; and (4) poorer health habits and attitudes. Methodological limitations make it difficult to draw firm conclusions about a causal relationship between television viewing and children's behavior. Representative studies in these four areas are reviewed, important methodological concerns are pointed out, and conclusions from the research findings are drawn. The implications of the data for pediatricians and other health professionals are discussed.

Advertising↗