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At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Differentiation of species of Eimeria from the fowl using a computerized image-analysis system.

Oocysts of Eimeria species from the fowl have been identified using a computerized image-analysis system (Leitz T.A.S. Plus Image-Analyser). The system enabled semiautomatic measurement of oocyst dimensions with subsequent species of diagnosis based on graphic statistical evaluation of size and shape of measured parasites. E. mitis, E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. tenella and complex of E. necatrix and E. praecox were distinguishable both in pure cultures and in mixtures. It was not possible to distinguish E. praecox from E. necatrix using this system.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Strategies and techniques for testing the precision, reliability and reproducibility of computerized two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis systems.

A set of test procedures is described for evaluating the reliability, precision and reproducibility of computer systems designed to analyze two-dimensional gel electrophoretograms. The Elsie 4 gel analysis system (Analyt. Biochem., 169, 49-70 (1988) is used to demonstrate the use of these tests. Three major groups of tests are described: analysis of the scanner; analysis of mathematically constructed model gels; and analysis of real gel images. Scanner tests involve evaluating the stability and reproducibility of the scanner. The tests consist primarily of measuring the output of the scanner over a time period to determine its stability, and evaluating the consistency of the scanner at different points in the scanning field. Commonly encountered real gel situations are simulated and analyzed by arranging computer-generated 'ideal spots' in different ways. With such gels we can determine such things as the ability of the computer system to separate closely resolved and/or shoulder spots; whether or not streaks and/or smears are handled correctly; how random noise affects measurements; and, in idealized situation, the accuracy of the quantitation. The idealized spots are generated using the two-dimensional Gaussian as a model of density distribution; other spot models can be used. The Elsie 4 system is capable of finding virtually any spot (if detection parameters are set low enough), and of resolving different-sized spots whose peaks are separated by one and one-half their mean half width). The most significant tests are done on a set of actual gels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Autoradiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An approach for systems analysis of patient care operations.

A healthcare landscape characterized by cost pressures, advancing technologies, staffing shortages, and increasing regulation is the norm for nursing leaders. High performance in these environments requires effective operational structures. These structures must respond to change while maintaining operational stability. An approach to assist nursing leaders in systemic analysis of operational structure is presented here. The approach helps leaders to identify structural inadequacies that limit operational performance.

Communication↗
PubMed1988

A general purpose computer analysis system for chromatographic data.

A manual integration system for the analysis of chromatographic data is described. The analog output produced by an HPLC absorbance monitor is passed to a non-inverting signal amplifier. This amplified signal is sent to an IBM PC where an analog to digital converter is used to digitize the data. A set of six computer programs which collect, store and analyze these data are presented. This system was used to analyze the nucleotide content of the anaerobic organism Clostridium acetobutylicum by strong anion-exchange HPLC.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

Design of an elemental analysis system for CELSS research.

The results of experiments conducted with higher plants in tightly sealed growth chambers provide definite evidence that the physical closure of a chamber has significant effects on many aspects of a plant's biology. One of these effects is seen in the change in rates of uptake, distribution, and re-release of nutrient elements by the plant (mass balance). Experimental data indicates that these rates are different from those recorded for plants grown in open field agriculture, or in open growth chambers. Since higher plants are a crucial component of a CELSS, it is important that the consequences of these rate differences be understood with regard to the growth and yield of the plants. This paper will focus on the description of a system for elemental analysis which can be used to monitor the mass balance of nutrient elements in CELSS experiments. Additionally, data on the uptake of nutrient elements by higher plants grown in a growth chamber will be presented.

Anions↗
PubMed1995

[Measurement of nucleolar organizers (AgNOR) using the LUCIA-M color image analysis system].

Argyrophil Nucleolar Organizer Regions (AgNORs) reflect the ploidy and proliferative activity of cells. In a Czech made system of image analysis LUCIA-M (Laboratory Universal Computer Image Analysis-Medium version) we have created a macro for AgNORs evaluation. The process includes picture contrasting and processing, thresholding of nuclei and AgNORs, elimination of artifacts through restrictions and interactive editation. The relation of nuclei to AgNORs is realized using binary operations. The number of dots in a nucleus is counted using advanced morphology-homotopic marking. The object data (nuclear area, absolute and relative AgNOR area, mean equal diameter of nuclei, circularity) may be processed either in the system LUCIA itself or exporting the data into another statistic program, e.g. EXCEL. The choice of the most informative features measured for diagnostics and prognostics of tumours is a task for subsequent clinico-morphologic studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Quantitative immunocytochemistry of hypothalamic and pituitary hormones: validation of an automated, computerized image analysis system.

A limiting factor in the use of immunocytochemistry in experimental endocrine studies has been the lack of a suitable procedure for quantification of immunoreactive hormones. The objective of the present study was the development of an automated, computerized image analysis system adapted to the quantitative analysis of light microscopic immunocytochemical reaction product. Reaction conditions that result in optimum, standardized, and quantitatively linear development of reaction deposit are described for H2O2 and diaminobenzidine concentrations, antiserum dilutions, and substrate incubation times. In addition, evaluation techniques, including the use of a standard control section to monitor variance and incorporate it into the statistical analysis of the results are documented. For each of the reaction variables, the immunostaining was linear over the range of specific staining. When the optimum conditions were exceeded, marked over-estimations of hormone levels occurred due to the detection of nonspecific background features reaching the detection threshold. Application of this quantitative immunocytochemical (QICC) method to the analysis of variations in hypothalamic and pituitary hormone levels was validated by comparing values obtained with QICC to those with radioimmunoassay (RIA). The relative changes in both hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone and pituitary luteinizing hormone induced by manipulation of gonadal steroid levels, as measured by RIA and QICC, were highly correlated. Two-way analysis of variance revealed that the two techniques were not significantly different in their detection of changes in either hormone. Thus, under optimally defined conditions, quantitative immunocytochemistry using computerized image analysis has been validated for the accurate measurement of pituitary and brain hormones in precise regions.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗
PubMed2002

Systems analysis for environmental assessment of urban water and wastewater systems.

In this paper, two fundamentally different urban wastewater systems are assessed from an environmental impact perspective. One system represents a centralised, high-tech, end-of-pipe structure whereas the second system is primarily based on source-separation strategies. Using material flow analysis in combination with evaluation methods based on life-cycle assessment the systems are evaluated by means of simulation and the results are discussed. A set of priority indicators for environmental assessments of urban water systems is suggested and applied in the analysis. Energy issues are also commented upon. The main intent of the paper is to present the principles of this type of assessment rather than detailed numbers for all possible environmental effects and hazardous substances emitted to air, water and soil. It represents one of several building blocks for a future multi-criteria decision-support system to evaluate urban water management from a sustainability perspective.

Cities↗
PubMed1986

Systems analysis of schools of allied health using Leavitt's Organizational Model: a meta-analysis.

Schools of allied health are relative newcomers to the formal academic setting. Consequently, these new academic units are particularly vulnerable to external threats to survival as they struggle to achieve acceptance by faculty and administrators in the traditional disciplines. This paper describes an application of Leavitt's Organizational Model for systems analysis of schools of allied health. A meta-analysis of studies reported in the Journal of Allied Health was conducted to provide administrative insight for the model's dimensions of task, structure, technology, and people. The model is helpful in organizing information and predicting effects of intervention strategies when any single dimension is changed. By viewing schools of allied health from a holistic perspective, deans and chair persons can anticipate the effect of change on variables (dimensions) other than those being manipulated and weight intervention strategies before their adoption.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Multicentre evaluation of the Boehringer Mannheim/Hitachi 717 analysis system.

We conducted an European multicentre trial to assess the performance of the new Boehringer Mannheim/Hitachi 717 analysis system. The photometer response was linear up to an absorbance of 2.8. The maximal CV of photometric imprecision was 0.5% for the wavelength pair 340/405 nm within the absorbance range 0.9 to 2.4. For the 13 analytes in our study, mean within-run imprecision was less than 2%, and mean between-day imprecision less than 2.5%. The results obtained with the Hitachi 717 instrument correlated closely with those of comparison instruments. Linearity for the various tests was high and exceeded the manufacturer's claims. No drift was detected during an 8-hour work period; carry over could not be detected under the chosen experimental conditions. The new instrument was readily accepted by the evaluators because of its ease of handling and simple daily maintenance.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1976

The cross sectional area of diaphragmatic muscle fibres in emphysema, measured by an automated image analysis system.

The cross-sectional area of diaphragmatic muscle fibres was measured using a Quantimet 720 image analysis system in 18 patients with emphysema and six control non-emphysematous patients. The technique proved to be an accurate method of measuring muscle fibre area and much more rapid than the previously described methods. The mean cross-sectional area of the muscle fibres in the emphysematous group was 1069-5 mum2 and this was significantly greater than the mean of the control group which was 851-0 mum2. In the emphysematous group nine patients who died from chronic airways obstruction had a larger mean muscle fibre area than the nine patients with non-fatal respiratory disease. The emphysematous patients showed a marked increase in the number of very large muscle fibres (2000-2200 mum2) in the diaphrahm and also an increased variation in size from fibre to fibre. The increase in muscle fibre size showed a positive correlation with ventricular weight but not with the amount of emphysema in the lungs. It would appear that although the excursion of the diaphragm is reduced in emphysema the muscle fibres do not atrophy but in fact undergo work hypertrophy. This is presumably due to the horizontal shortening of the muscle fibres, when the diaphragm is working at a poor mechanical advantage, because it cannot descend normally in emphysematous patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of the mastascanelite image analysis system for measuring zones of inhibition in disc diffusion susceptibility tests.

In this evaluation a mastascanelite image analysis system is compared with manual measurement of disc diffusion inhibition zones. Data for 213 diverse organisms and a total of 1679 organism/antibiotic combinations gave an overall correlation coefficient of 0.988. The mean difference between readings was +0.425 mm, with 95% confidence limits of +/-2.94 mm, and the majority of scanned zones (97.51%) fell within +/-3 mm of the manual measurement. The mastascanelite system forms part of a laboratory suite and was found to be objective, accurate and rapid, reading and interpreting each plate in less than a second. Interfacing to the laboratory computer system facilitated data handling and performance control.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

A computer-assisted image-analysis system for analyzing polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

A computer-assisted image-analysis system that precisely tracks the cell movements of up to 50 polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) was developed and used to quantitatively measure cellular chemokinesis and chemotaxis in normal individuals and in diabetic patients with hyperglycemia. The PMNLs were tested in Zigmond chambers with or without a gradient of 10(-7) M n-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (f-Met-Leu-Phe). Cellular movement was recorded on videotape by using a videocamera mounted on the microscope. The videotapes were analyzed by computer programs to calculate the speed and direction of each PMNL at 10-sec intervals. Average rates of chemokinesis were 19.6 microns/min without and 25.3 microns/min with f-Met-Leu-Phe. McCutcheon indices, which measure chemotaxis, were 0.01 without and 0.48 with f-Met-Leu-Phe. Similar values were observed in diabetic patients after fasting (average glucose, 217 mg/100 ml) and 2 hr after glucose challenge (average glucose, 309 mg/100 ml). These values demonstrate that PMNLs from diabetic patients with hyperglycemia move at normal rates and respond appropriately to f-Met-Leu-Phe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Tenth revision U.S. mortality rates for use with the NIOSH Life Table Analysis System.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to update rate files for the NIOSH Life Table Analysis System for Personal Computers (PC LTAS) reflecting the newly adopted tenth revision changes to the International Classification of Diseases. METHODS: PC LTAS allows researchers to conduct comparative mortality and morbidity analyses for the purpose of identifying disease-exposure associations using person-time-at-risk for age, race, sex, and calendar time-specific reference rates from 1940. Previously available through 1998, files for the United States and individual states were updated through 2004 using uncensored population data. Tenth revision causes were added if compatible with earlier NIOSH death categories, based on revisions 5 through 9. A few new cause categories were added. RESULTS: The resulting NIOSH categories are described for two new U.S. rate files: 1960 through 2004 and 1940 through 2004. CONCLUSION: The new U.S. rate files are available online or on request.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1999

[The design of an ultrasonics Doppler spectrum analysis system for fetal umbilical blood flow monitoring].

This paper explains the design of an Ultrasonics Doppler Spectrum Analysis System for fetal umbilical blood flow monitoring. The gist of discussion includes the sampling method of the Doppler signals and the algorithm of the blood flow parameters. Because the DSP chip is not used in the AD cardboard, the hardware design is simplified and the system works steadily. In the process of computing the blood flow paramenters, an autochange method of the amplitude threshold and a timeout control technology are used, so the algorithm has good adaptability and works very stable.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

[Measurement of retinal circulation times in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy by use of fluorescein video angiography and image analysis system].

Retinal circulation times were measured in all measurable retinal areas using fluorescein video angiography and image analysis systems. The subjects cornsted of 16 non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy eyes and 31 normal eyes. In the diabetic eyes no non-perfusion area was found on fluorescein angiograms. Retinal circulation times were measured when 16%, 33%, 50%, 66% or 83% of the total fluorescence volume was reached. Measured retinal areas consisted of 61 areas in diabetic eyes and 120 areas in normal eyes. Retinal circulation times of 50% and under flowed were found significantly shorter in the diabetic eyes than in the normal eyes (p less than 0.03). These results showed that blood flow volume of the shorter way in retinal circulation might increase in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Systems analysis and modeling of organizational management processes of the regional public health system].

Scanty budgetary resources generate a need for optimally distributing the funds among different lines of expenditure in order to achieve the greatest possible social impact by taking into account the interests of different parties. A cognitive map and mathematical optimization models are proposed to control budgetary funds for financing the public health system.

Budgets↗
PubMed2005

Teleconsultation and image analysis system in radiation induced thyroid cancer.

We consider the basic principles of telemedicine systems. The technical questions arising in development of telemedicine systems are discussed. The special attention is given to the Telemedicine System for Image Analysis and Consultation in Radiation Induced Thyroid Cancer (TeSIAC) being developed now by the National Center of Information Resources and Technologies of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus in collaboration with other medical institutions of Belarus.

Chernobyl Nuclear Accident↗