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At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A new partially deficient variant in the phosphoglucomutase 1 system, PGM1*W31.

In a case of disputed paternity an inherited hyposynthetical variant of the PGM1*1A gene was identified. This variant could not be detected by conventional electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membranes but clearly appeared on polyacrylamide gels after isoelectric focusing. The enzyme activity of this variant was about 25% of the normal PGM1*1A protein. The variant was designated PGM1*W31.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1978

Genetic markers in Malaysians: variants of soluble and mitochondrial glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and salivary and pancreatic amylase, phosphoglucomutase III and saliva esterase polymorphisms.

Malaysians of Malay, Chinese, and Indian ancestries were electrophoretically phenotyped for Amy1 and saliva esterase region 1 (Set-1) from saliva, Amy2 from plasma, soluble and mitochondrial GOT and PGM3 from leukocyte and placenta. Kadazans and Bajaus, the indigenous people of Sabah, East Malaysia were surveyed for Amy2. Three types of variants were observed for Amy1, one type for Amy2. Only Indians were found to be polymorphic for Amy1. Two GOTs 2-1 and three GOTm 2-1 variants were found among 281 Chinese while three GOTm 2-1 variants were found among 311 Malays. Malaysian Malays, Chinese, and Indians were found to be polymorphic for Set-1 and PGM3. The gene frequencies in Malays are Set-1F=0.601 +/- 0.021, Set-1S = 0.399 +/- 0.021; PGM13 = 0.788 +/- 0.020, PGM23 = 0.212 +/- 0.020; in Chinese Set-1F = 0.497 +/- 0.028, Set-1S = 0.503 +/- 0.028; PGM13 = 0.745 +/- 0.24, PGM23 = 0.255 +/- 0.024; in Indians, Set-1F = 0.449 +/- 0.031, Set-1S = 0.551 +/- 0.031; PGM13 = 0.755 +/- 0.029, PGM23 = 0.245 +/- 0.029.

Amylases↗
PubMed1984

Population studies on human phosphoglucomutase-1 thermostability polymorphism.

The electrophoretic and thermostability polymorphisms of the PGM1 locus were examined in about 700 Czechoslovakians (Prague) and 3000 Italians. The Italian sample consisted of individuals from Pavia (Northern Italy), Viareggio and Rome (Central Italy) and Naples (Southern Italy). The eight PGM1 alleles, PGM1Str1, PGM1Sts1, PGM1Ftr1, PGM1Fts1, PGM2Str1, PGM2Sts1, PGM2Ftr1, PGM2Fts1, have been considered as combinations of mutations at three different sites, 1/2, S/F and tr/ts, within the PGM1 gene and their frequencies discussed in terms of linkage disequilibrium between these sites. All pairwise differences between the samples were significant except for Pavia-Viareggio and Viareggio-Rome. The frequencies of the PGMts1 alleles have been found to range from 0.0981 (Prague) to 0.0546 (Naples) and can be ordered according to a North-South cline.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Differential function of the phosphoglucomutase isozymes PGM1 and PGM2.

A total of 13 metabolites thought to be possibly inhibitory were tested for their influence on PGM isozyme activities, each at several different concentrations. The analysis of statistical significance was based on enzyme activities obtained by densitometric measurements of starch gels. Five of the substances were found to inhibit PGM activity, three of which definitely and a further one probably led to a significantly stronger inhibition of the isozymes of the PGM2 locus than of PGM1 isozymes. They are (1) fructose-1,6-diphosphate, (2) adenosine triphosphate, (3) citrate, and (4) possibly 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Thus, PGM1 isozymes proved to function better in hard or perhaps marginal metabolic conditions. Related evolutionary aspects are discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1982

A rare phenotype of phosphoglucomutase-2 first detected in Mongoloids.

In screening of the PGM system by isoelectric focusing a heterozygote with a rare allele of PGM2 was detected. Family studies and family register checkings for the propositus showed evidence of hereditary occurrence of this allele, and all the ancestors of the propositus were Japanese. Although there have been no reports among Mongoloids, the variant found in the present study is likely to be the first case of a rare phenotype of PGM2 among such populations. In addition, isoelectric focusing data on 411 Japanese samples are given.

Asian People↗
PubMed1977

Evidence for two additional common alleles at the PGM1 locus (phosphoglucomutase--E.C.: 2.7.5.1). A comparison by three different techniques.

Lysates of erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, and extracts of sperms were investigated for the PGM1 isozymes by three techniques: starch gel electrophoresis, high voltage thin-layer agarose gel electrophresis, and thin-layer isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gel. On starch, only the well known common phenotypes 1, 2-1, and 2 were demonstrable. On agarose, different distances of the two main cathodal bands (a,b) among the phenotypes 2-1 were noted. Furthermore, on agarose, some types considered as homozygous on starch gel had a single, sharp banded pattern while others were broad and blurred. Optimal separation was achieved by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gel. In 291 leukolysates, 10 different phenotypes were identified. These are considered as gene products of 4 different common allesles at the PGM1 locus as suggested by preliminary family investigations. In a random population from Hessen these four alleles had the following frequencies: PGM1al 0.6186, PGMa21 0.1718, PGMa31 0.1426, and PGMa41 0.067, The preliminary designation a1, a2, a3 and a4 was chosen as the assumed polymorphism was demonstrated on acrylamide and agarose. The sum of the frequencies PGMa11 and PGMa31 (the gene products of which have apparently the same electrophoretic mobility on starch) is similar to the frequency of the old PGM11 allele (0.757) in Caucasoids, PGMa21 and PGMa41 have a frequency of 0.2388 corresponding with the frequency of the old allele PGM21.

Alleles↗
PubMed1978

Genetic bases for protein polymorphism in Fundulus heteroclitus (L.).I. Lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh-B), malate dehydrogenase (Mdh-A), glucosephosphate isomerase (Gpi-B), and phosphoglucomutase (Pgm-A).

Electrophoretic analysis has shown populations of F. heteroclitus to possess variants at four enzyme-coding loci: Ldh-B, Mdh-A, Gpi-B, and Pgm-A. Based on the phenotypic distribution in the F1 generation, each variant segregates as an autosomally inherited codominant allele. A pairwise comparison of the expected phenotypic classes among these loci showed no evidence of strong linkage; however, weak linkage could not be ruled out. Despite the considerable genetic divergence of populations from the geographical extremes of this species, offspring resulting from crosses between individuals from these localities show viabilities similar to those found for crosses of local populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Expression of the human adenylate kinase isozymes, phosphopyruvate hydratase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglucomutase-1 in man-rodent somatic cell hybrids.

The expression of the adenylate kinase isozymes and of phosphopyruvate hydratase was studied in man-mouse and man-hamster hybrid clones. Concordant segregation of the loci coding for AK-2 and PPH was observed in 54 of 55 primary hybrid clones, and these loci were demonstrated to be synthetic with the loci specifying PGM-1 and PGD. The pattern of expression of the four enzymes in discordant clone suggests the gene order 1pter-(PGD, PPH)-AK-2-PGM-1-centromere. In addition, AK-1 was found to be expressed independently of AK-2.

Adenylate Kinase↗