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At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Design of an emergency teleradiology system based on progressive transmission.

In clinical surgery, there are frequent needs for communication between the house staff and the attending physician in an emergency situation. To overcome the limitation of voice communication through the telephone line, we have designed an 'emergency teleradiology system' which can be used for emergency surgical and medical decision making. This system can transmit the high quality images of CT, MRI, and other X-ray data using a PC attached to a modem through the conventional telephone line. It is based on the progressive transmission system which enables the successive update of a received image. The iterative residual coding/decoding algorithm efficiently compresses the image to maximally utilize the low bandwidth PSTN channels. This system also satisfies design requirements such as low-cost, ease of operation, fast transmission, and interactive image communication including voice. Test results using several CT, MR, and X-ray images evaluate the compression performance, image quality, transmission time and computational time of the coding and decoding processes, thus demonstrate the usefulness of this system in an emergency situation.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2004

Cemented tibial stems are not requisite in revision.

Tibial stems are necessary in most total knee revisions to share the load and protect the fixation interface of the tibial tray. Successful use of a tibial stem requires independent stability of the stem with or without cement. Some additional geometry on the undersurface of the tibial tray such as peripheral pegs or fins is necessary to provide additional resistance to rotatory stresses if the stem is not cemented. Cementing the tibial stem works. However, with the excellent results of cementless stems, who would want to deal with cement removal in those few cases of loosening or the occasional case with infection or instability? The disadvantages of a press-fit stem are not seen with modem tibial stems, such as with a long conical stem with an offset attachment to the tibial baseplate as used in this series. Cement is not necessary!

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee↗
PubMed2004

[Developing a home care nursing information system by utilizing wire-wireless network and mobile computing system].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a home care nursing network system for operating home care effectively and efficiently by utilizing a wire-wireless network and mobile computing in order to record and send patients' data in real time, and by combining the headquarter office and the local offices with home care nurses over the Internet. It complements the preceding research from 1999 by adding home care nursing standard guidelines and upgrading the PDA program. METHOD: Method/1 and Prototyping were adopted to develop the main network system. RESULT: The detailed research process is as follows : 1)home care nursing standard guidelines for Diabetes, cancer and peritoneal-dialysis were added in 12 domains of nursing problem fields with nursing assessment/intervention algorithms. 2) complementing the PDA program was done by omitting and integrating the home care nursing algorithm path which is unnecessary and duplicated. Also, upgrading the PDA system was done by utilizing the machinery and tools where the PDA and the data transmission modem are integrated, CDMX-1X base construction, in order to reduce a transmission error or transmission failure.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2005

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate: epidemiological trends, screening, diagnosis, and surgical management of localized disease.

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite years of study and effort, certain key questions remain unanswered, including how prostate cancer is best detected and diagnosed, how it is best treated, and how best to minimize the complications of treatment. The aim of this article is to briefly address these topics to shed light on the current best practices in prostate cancer screening, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of localized disease. We examine current trends in prostate cancer epidemiology and screening, including genetic and dietary risk factors and the newer prostate-specific antigen-derived screening modalities. Methods of diagnosis, including an overview of prostate biopsy technique and indications, and a brief review of relevant pathologic findings are provided. An in-depth analysis of traditional prostate cancer surgical management highlights the relevant advantages and disadvantages of radical retropubic and perineal prostatectomy. Complications of surgery, prognostic factors, and the many risk prediction models currently available are discussed. In all, this article aims to give the reader a broad overview of the basic elements of prostate cancer diagnosis and surgical treatment in the modem era.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Maximizing the entropy of histogram bar heights to explore neural activity: a simulation study on auditory and tactile fibers.

Neurophysiologists often use histograms to explore patterns of activity in neural spike trains. The bin size selected to construct a histogram is crucial: too large bin widths result in coarse histograms, too small bin widths expand unimportant detail. Peri-stimulus time (PST) histograms of simulated nerve fibers were studied in the current article. This class of histograms gives information about neural activity in the temporal domain and is a density estimate for the spike rate. Scott's rule based on modem statistical theory suggests that the optimal bin size is inversely proportional to the cube root of sample size. However, this estimate requires a priori knowledge about the density function. Moreover, there are no good algorithms for adaptive-mesh histograms, which have variable bin sizes to minimize estimation errors. Therefore, an unconventional technique is proposed here to help experimenters in practice. This novel method maximizes the entropy of histogram-bar heights to find the unique bin size, which generates the highest disorder in a histogram (i.e., the most complex histogram), and is useful as a starting point for neural data mining. Although the proposed method is ad hoc from a density-estimation point of view, it is simple, efficient and more helpful in the experimental setting where no prior statistical information on neural activity is available. The results of simulations based on the entropy method are also discussed in relation to Ellaway's cumulative-sum technique, which can detect subtle changes in neural activity in certain conditions.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

Let your computer do the walking.

A personal computer and a modem can be an extremely powerful pair and, used properly, can represent fantastic savings in time and money. Too often, they are underutilized because managers and clinicians do not know how to approach the type of online researching that computers are beautifully designed to perform--the kind of research that can make a daily significant difference.

Computer Peripherals↗
PubMed1991

Quality assessment: from paper shuffle to paperless review.

Even though much of the quality-assurance process had been automated at Kettering Medical Center (KMC) in Dayton, Ohio, reviewers still had to key in data from paper records each day. An extensive paper trail continued until Kettering took the leap to total paperless review using eight laptop computers with internal modems.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1991

OLIO+: an osteopathic medicine database.

OLIO+ is a bibliographic database designed to meet the information needs of the osteopathic medical community. Produced by the American Osteopathic Association (AOA), OLIO+ is devoted exclusively to the osteopathic literature. The database is available only by subscription through AOA and may be accessed from any data terminal with modem or IBM-compatible personal computer with telecommunications software that can emulate VT100 or VT220. Apple access is also available, but some assistance from OLIO+ support staff may be necessary to modify the Apple keyboard.

Data Display↗
PubMed1997

Networking computers.

This decade the role of the personal computer has shifted dramatically from a desktop device designed to increase individual productivity and efficiency to an instrument of communication linking people and machines in different places with one another. A computer in one city can communicate with another that may be thousands of miles away. Networking is how this is accomplished. Just like the voice network used by the telephone, computer networks transmit data and other information via modems over these same telephone lines. A network can be created over both short and long distances. Networks can be established within a hospital or medical building or over many hospitals or buildings covering many geographic areas. Those confined to one location are called LANs, local area networks. Those that link computers in one building to those at other locations are known as WANs, or wide area networks. The ultimate wide area network is the one we've all been hearing so much about these days--the Internet, and its World Wide Web. Setting up a network is a process that requires careful planning and commitment. To avoid potential pitfalls and to make certain the network you establish meets your needs today and several years down the road, several steps need to be followed. This article reviews the initial steps involved in getting ready to network.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

A new approach to disease management for seniors.

Faced with the challenge of caring for a growing elderly population, case managers at Margaret R. Pardee Memorial Hospital secured a grant to develop a comprehensive data collection system to help them keep track of elderly patients and more effectively share information with other local health care providers. They developed a standardized information system, using a relational database, to collect patient-centered information while eliminating the redundant documentation that had characterized their previous system. Pardee is expanding the program to include local primary care and home health agencies, who will be able to access the patient database by modem.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Perfusion services national process improvement benchmarking.

The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations recommends national and regional benchmarking in the quality improvement process. Benchmarking is comparing your organization's patient care process outcomes to the best. This communication describes a national benchmarking process for peer comparison of indicators in perfusion patient services process improvement. A databasing communication aplet was designed to facilitate national benchmarking as part of a larger perfusion service management software application. When patient information is entered in the patient database post precedure, patient-specific numeric data and 'yes'/'no' queries are entered at the clinical site. At any time, the local perfusionist system manager may transmit their own data and receive national database group results by modem and a 1-800 phone number. Local indicator outcomes are compared to national results. Strategies are employed to assure that institution and patient name remain anonymous and institution specific data are stored at the clinical site. Participating institutions employ an e-mail aplet to discuss and decide which indicators to employ as a group. Nine institutions have contributed outcome data for more than 6,425 cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures to a national database for ten months. National and institutional means for six discrete CPB outcome parameters are compared. The percent 'yes' responses to four procedure-related questions are compared. Joint Commission recommended benchmarking is accomplished while patient care is improved by comparing outcomes.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed1982

Linking personal computers to a hospital laboratory computer.

In the Department of Pathology, Norwood Hospital, a number of individual microcomputers in the home and throughout the laboratory have been connected to a central hospital laboratory computer. The microcomputers are connected to the central computer over standard telephone lines via the autoanswer modem for any telephone. Here, the author describes the system and its benefits, and explains why this type of application is a major potential use of computers in medicine in the future.

Computers↗
PubMed1986

A case for system security.

Mainframe security measures provided by the manufacturer, are adequate for normal security needs. However, a truly competent MIS security and/or hospital administration strategy must try to take advantage of the latest technological advancements as they become available. The integration of intelligent "dial-back" modems that "hang up" and then re-establish their communications link with a CRT terminal is now a requirement. However, finding a terminal with adequate stand-alone security devices is a different matter.

Computers↗
PubMed1988

PaperChase: computerized bibliographical retrieval for the physician.

PaperChase is a computer program that permits any physician or scientist to search the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE data base of references to the biomedical literature. Written for the clinician rather than for the search librarian, PaperChase permits the user to search the entire MEDLINE collection of over 5,000,000 references published in 4,000 biomedical journals dating back to 1966. PaperChase is now available throughout the world to anyone who has a computer terminal or personal computer, and a modem. No special training is needed for a successful search. There is no user's manual. Users can search by title word, Medical Subject Heading, author's name, journal title, year of publication, language of publication, or any combination of the above. Users can read abstracts online, and they can request that a photocopy of the full text of any article be mailed to them.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1989

Computers for the continuing education of practicing physicians.

Computer-based medical education became practical with the wide-spread availability of personal computers and the ease of dialing in to a central computer via standard telephone lines with a modem. Continuing education credits can now be earned from the privacy and convenience of the physician's home or office via the computer. A variety of courses are available from national medical organizations, medical schools, and medical publishers. While examples can give a flavor of the type of courseware available, only hands-on use can help you decide if this style of education fits yours.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1998

[Delivery with epidural analgesia (a preliminary report)].

UNLABELLED: In the last decade delivery by continuous epidural analgesia (CEA) has become a golden standard in most modem perinatal centers. The aim of this study is to find the effect of CEA on the quality of labor, mode of delivery and the condition of mother and fetus after delivery. The study is prospective and includes 15 parturients. CEA was delivered with 0.25% solution of Marcaine. RESULTS: The average age of the parthers was 23 +/- 5.05 years and their body weights 63 +/- 9.82 kg. 13 of the women were nulliparous and 2 multiparous. All were delivered vaginally normally. The average length of the first period of labor was 4 Hours (+/- 3.18 h) and of the second period 20 minutes (+/- 11.06) q which is different from data from current literature. Labor was estimated in the cases with i.v. infusion of oxytocin. Apgar scores of the newborns was 8-10 points. We can conclude that deliveries with CEA are eutocic, shorter and promote and excellent psychoemotional state of the parturients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Psychological interventions in general hospitals: background, current status and clinical guidelines.

PURPOSE: To promote the systematic development, interests, practice, research and clinical applications of health psychology in general hospitals in Hong Kong and the mainland of China. DATA SOURCES: The targets and aims of therapeutic work with patients in pain, cancer patients, child and adolescent patients, patients with chronic illnesses, the elderly, and patients requiring organ transplantation are highlighted. STUDY SELECTION: The psychological interventions described are experiences derived from routine clinical services carried out in the Clinical Health Psychology Unit where the authors are affiliated, and can be seen as an example of a more comprehensive psychological intervention program for physically ill patients in Hong Kong. RESULTS: Psychological interventions have intrinsic values in reducing patients' distress and sufferings. The services are also an integral part of modem day comprehensive patient care with positive effects on treatment effectiveness and eventual illness outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Physical illnesses affect a person physically as well as psychologically. Psychological care in general hospitals is cost effective and beneficial in reducing undue psychological complications precipitated by physical afflictions as well as in promoting better overall outcomes.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1998

Telematic system for monitoring of asthma severity in patients' homes.

Despite advances in the treatment of asthma the morbidity and mortality of this disease has increased significantly in the past several years. Recent studies have shown that monitoring of asthma severity in the patient home especially combined with patient education can reduce incidence of asthma exacerbation and subsequent hospitalization. The existing methods for home asthma monitoring are limited by four factors; they completely rely on a patient's ability to document and to evaluate test results; there is no easy way for a physician to review data in a timely manner; they use imprecise tools for evaluation of asthma severity and they don't provide clinical decision support tools. The goal of this study is to develop and to evaluate a telematic system for asthma severity monitoring which will minimize patients' efforts in performing self-testing at their homes and allow prompt reciprocal exchange of all relevant information between patients and health care providers. In our setting, patients use portable spirometer and pocket-sized palmtop computer for data exchange. Our system allows daily serial monitoring of asthma severity at patients' homes using Forced Vital Capacity test and symptom diary. The results of the tests become available for physicians review immediately after completion of self-testing procedures via Web browser. The results can be transmitted from patients' homes (or any other remote location) to the medical records database via landline or wireless networks in several minutes. Each time the remote server receives patient's results, it invokes the application which tests the validity of data, analyzes parameters trends and dispatches corresponding messages for the patient and, if necessary, for physicians. Such an approach provides constant feedback loop between asthma patient and physician. The system has been tested in 10 healthy volunteers and asthma patients. Patients participated in the study from two to 21 days. The test results showed that the system provides reliable reciprocal exchange of all relevant information between a physician and asthma patient in home settings. Average transmission time from the patient's palmtop to the remote central data repository was about 1 minute for 14.4 Kbps landline modem, 6 minutes for cellular network and 8 minutes for RAM Mobile network. After transmission, the test results were immediately available for review at our web site.

Asthma↗