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PubMed2026

Relationships Between Risky Substance Use and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Severity, Mental Health, and Smoking-Related Processes in Adults with IBS Who Smoke.

Objective: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a debilitating chronic pain condition that presents a major and growing public health burden. Combustible cigarette smoking plays a role in the maintenance of IBS, and the co-occurrence of these conditions warrants greater focus. Moreover, given that smoking co-occurs with other substance use behaviors, the impact of these comorbid behaviors on physical and mental health-related outcomes among individuals with IBS who smoke is warranted. The goal of the present cross-sectional study was to assess relationships of risky alcohol, cannabis, and opioid use with IBS severity, anxiety and depression, and smoking-related processes among adults with IBS who smoke. Methods: In total, 263 adults who met Rome IV criteria for IBS and who smoked combustible cigarettes were included in the study. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the influence of risky substance uses on IBS symptom severity, IBS-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, perceived barriers for smoking cessation, and cigarette dependence. Results: Results indicated that opioid use was statistically related to all criterion variables, whereas alcohol use was specifically associated with depression and anxiety. Cannabis use showed a statistically significant association only with anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: The present investigation is among the first to explore the role of risky substance use in terms of a wide array of IBS, mental health, and smoking processes among adults with IBS who smoke. The findings suggest that substance use should be a focal point of screening and intervention for the IBS population to optimize outcomes beyond the reach of medical therapies.

Irritable bowel syndrome↗
PubMed2026

Extragenital testing for gonorrhea and chlamydia in health department clinics in Virginia, 2018-2023.

BACKGROUND: Extragenital testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea infections is now routine in many settings. We assessed temporal and demographic trends in extragenital testing and positivity in public health department clinics in Virginia. METHODS: We analyzed urogenital and extragenital chlamydia/gonorrhea laboratory results for clients aged 15 years or older who attended 116 health department clinics from 2018 to 2023. Test volume and positivity was stratified by anatomic site, year, sex, and age. RESULTS: There were 181,471 client visits with valid test results. The proportion of visits with any extragenital testing increased from 19% to 46% during this time. Male clients were twice as likely as females to receive pharyngeal testing (46% vs. 22%) and five times as likely to be tested rectally (15% vs. 3%). Rectal specimen positivity surpassed urogenital positivity for chlamydia (females and males) and gonorrhea (males only). Overall, one-quarter of clients diagnosed with gonorrhea infections were identified exclusively through extragenital testing, as were 9% of clients with positive chlamydia tests. These proportions increased over time and were greater for younger clients and for males relative to females. Two-thirds of extragenital infections would have been missed by urogenital testing alone, including 40% and 49% of females and 86% and 73% of males with extragenital chlamydia and gonorrhea infections respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of clients who received extragenital chlamydia/gonorrhea testing increased over time, extragenital test positivity was high, and it identified infections that would have been missed otherwise. The impact on sexually transmitted infection sequelae and transmission remains unclear.

NAAT↗
PubMed2026

Effects of CPAP on endothelial activation and fibrinolytic balance in coronary artery disease with obstructive sleep apnea: The RICCADSA randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) promotes endothelial activation and a prothrombotic milieu through intermittent hypoxia, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation, mechanisms closely linked to atherosclerosis progression. The vascular effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) remain incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the longitudinal effects of CPAP treatment on endothelial adhesion molecules and fibrinolytic balance in patients with CAD and OSA. METHODS: In this randomized controlled analysis from the RICCADSA trial, 210 revascularized CAD patients with moderate-to-severe OSA were assigned to CPAP (n = 104) or no-CPAP (n = 106) and had available biomarker measurements at baseline and 12 months. Circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were assessed. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine longitudinal changes and time-by-treatment interactions adjusted for cardiometabolic covariates. RESULTS: For ICAM-1, no significant time-by-treatment interaction was observed. For PAI-1, a borderline time-by-treatment interaction suggested a numerically smaller increase in the CPAP group compared with no-CPAP (p = 0.09). CPAP treatment was associated with a significantly greater reduction in VCAM-1 over time compared with no-CPAP (time-by-treatment interaction p = 0.045 in adjusted models). CONCLUSIONS: CPAP treatment was associated with selective modulation of vascular biomarkers in patients with CAD and OSA, characterized by attenuation of endothelial activation reflected by reduced VCAM-1 levels, while fibrinolytic imbalance appeared largely resistant to intervention. These findings support pathway-specific vascular responses to CPAP and provide mechanistic insight into residual atherosclerotic risk in this high-risk population.

Aged↗
PubMed2026

Driven toward care, avoiding the end: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between death anxiety and healthcare utilisation.

Both overuse and underuse of the healthcare system have been recognised as significant problems. Relatedly, growing research has recognised the key role of death anxiety in driving various health-relevant behaviours. However, the relationship between death anxiety and healthcare utilisation has not yet been systematically explored. The current systematic review and meta-analysis addressed this gap. In total, 987 papers were screened for inclusion, of which 63 were included in the final review (Ntotal = 21,271). This included 33 quantitative studies, 27 qualitative studies and 3 mixed-methods designs. In total, 17 studies contained sufficient data to be meta-analysed. Overall, the included studies highlighted a significant relationship between death anxiety and healthcare utilisation; in particular, positive associations with desire for life-prolonging treatments and contact with hospitals and medical professionals. By contrast, a negative association was found with other aspects of healthcare utilisation, including hospice use and end-of-life communication. The sample type emerged as a significant moderator, suggesting that the relationship between death anxiety and healthcare usage was strongest in non-medical samples. The current findings suggest that death anxiety plays a key role in utilisation of the healthcare system. The fear of death may need to be targeted in psychological interventions, in order to ensure maximal effectiveness of health services, and improve outcomes for healthcare users.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Psychiatric Diagnoses and Psychotropic Medications Among Military-Affiliated Adolescents and Young Adults With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

PURPOSE: To study rates of psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic medication prescription among U.S. military-affiliated adolescents and young adults (AYA) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: This retrospective matched cohort study included U.S. military-affiliated AYA (aged 15-21 years) enrolled in TRICARE Prime for at least 6 months during the surveillance period (January 2016 to October 2023). Military-affiliated AYA were grouped into three categories: individuals diagnosed with PCOS (N = 6,911), age-matched individuals with no diagnosed PCOS symptoms (N = 35,814), and individuals with diagnosed symptoms suggestive of PCOS (N = 2,136). The presence of a psychiatric diagnoses and prescriptions for psychotropic medications were obtained via the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification codes and National Drug codes, respectively. RESULTS: AYA with diagnosed PCOS had higher odds of having a psychiatric diagnosis and being prescribed a psychotropic medication compared to an age-matched comparison group (psychiatric diagnosis odds ratio [OR] = 2.48 [2.35-2.62], medication OR = 2.14 [2.03-2.25]) and individuals with symptoms suggestive of PCOS (psychiatric diagnosis OR = 1.11 [1.003-1.23], medication OR = 1.16 [1.05-1.28]). DISCUSSION: The odds of psychiatric comorbidities and psychotropic medication prescription were more than twice as high as among U.S. military-affiliated AYA with PCOS. More research is needed to determine whether health-care utilization and military-related factors impact mental health outcomes among AYA with PCOS. Additionally, tailored, multidisciplinary mental health services for AYA with PCOS are needed.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Skin barrier repairing and anti-aging effects evaluation of a comprehensive topical regimen incorporating niacinamide, Pro-Xylane, and panthenol after PicoWay laser: a randomized controlled study.

Pro-Xylane is a potent anti-aging ingredient; however, there is limited knowledge regarding whether a comprehensive post-procedure regimen incorporating a combination of Pro-Xylane, niacinamide, and panthenol alongside other active agents can deliver synergistic benefits for both skin barrier repair and anti-aging. This study assesses the effectiveness of the REGENMEDIC cream (anti-aging cream) and REGENMEDIC serum (anti-aging serum) in promoting skin barrier recovery and enhancing anti-aging effects following PicoWay laser treatment. A 112-day randomized controlled trial was conducted with 88 Chinese females, who were divided into two groups: the test group, using REGENMEDIC cream and Serum following PicoWay laser treatment, and the control group, using standard care regimen consisting of a standard cream. Skin barrier-repairing effects were assessed during the initial 14 days following a single use of REGENMEDIC cream, while skin elasticity, firmness, wrinkles and skin tone were evaluated over the 112-day study period after the combined use of REGENMEDIC cream and Serum. The test group exhibited lower transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and higher hydration after 14 days compared to the control group, along with a more significant reduction in skin redness. After 112-day use of REGENMEDIC cream and serum, test group showed increased skin elasticity and firmness, reduced wrinkles, and an overall improvement in skin tone and texture. Dermatologists reported excellent tolerability, with minimal adverse events. Initial application of the REGENMEDIC cream facilitated rapid skin barrier repair, while the subsequent sequential regimen incorporating the serum yielded significant long-term anti-aging benefits following PicoWay laser treatment. This study demonstrates that targeting multiple physiological pathways-specifically hydration, barrier integrity, and cellular senescence-provides a robust therapeutic option for amplifying the anti-aging outcomes of aesthetic procedures.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

The musculoskeletal pain literacy questionnaire (MSK-PLq) - Part 1: Development of a preliminary version through a systematic review and Delphi consensus.

OBJECTIVE: Chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and self-management is a first-line approach recommended by international clinical guidelines. Access to evidence-based information that enhances health literacy may support patients' engagement in their self-management and treatment decision-making, potentially reducing disease burden and pain. However, no tool currently exists to assess health literacy specifically in MSK pain. This study aimed to develop and describe the preliminary version of a knowledge-based questionnaire to evaluate MSK pain literacy, the Musculoskeletal Pain-Literacy questionnaire (MSK-PLq). METHODS: A systematic literature review identified existing health literacy instruments and generated a preliminary list of domains. A two-round Delphi study with 22 panellists (19 experts and three people living with chronic MSK pain), followed by consensus meetings, was used to refine domains and items (≥70% agreement). Readability was assessed using the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) score and three stakeholders were consulted to review the questionnaire for comprehensibility, clarity, and face validity. RESULTS: Six domains were retained (Understand, Access, Appraise, Apply, Digital, Beliefs), comprising 20 items in the preliminary version of MSK-PLq. Readability was acceptable (mean FRE 74, indicating fairly easy reading), and subject feedback supported the questionnaire's clarity and face validity. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary version of the MSK-PLq is proposed as the first knowledge-based tool to assess functional, interactive, and critical aspects of MSK pain literacy. It may have applications in clinical practice, research, education, and digital health, by informing tailored patient education and supporting self-management strategies, although further psychometric validation is required.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Transcriptomic insights into thermal stress reveal physiological trade-off between thermal stress adaptation and reproductive investment in Spodoptera litura.

Spodoptera litura, a highly polyphagous lepidopteran pest, poses a major threat to agricultural productivity due to its remarkable adaptability to diverse environmental conditions. Although heat stress is known to trigger transcriptional reprogramming in insects, the molecular mechanisms underlying thermal stress responses in S. litura remain poorly understood. In the present study, fourth-instar larvae were exposed to acute heat stress (44 °C) and compared with control conditions (27 ± 1 °C) to investigate heat-induced transcriptional alterations affecting physiology and reproduction. High-quality RNA-Seq data achieved more than 80% mapping efficiency, with a total of 15,782 transcripts were identified. Transcriptome analysis of S. litura larvae showed 323 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 262 genes were significantly upregulated and 61 were downregulated in heat-stressed larvae compared to the control group. The DEGs were associated with stress response, reproduction, signalling, proteostasis, detoxification, oxidative stress, metabolism, development, and chromatin regulation. Heat shock proteins genes, including HSP70, HSP90, and HSP27, together with co-chaperones such as TRET-1, STIP1, and Starvin, were strongly upregulated, indicating enhanced cellular protection against protein damage and oxidative stress under heat stress. Conversely, key reproductive and cell cycle-related genes, including BARR, CAPD2, FEO, CDK2 and MORULA, were significantly downregulated, suggesting reproductive impairment and developmental arrest. RT-qPCR validation corroborated the RNA-Seq findings, demonstrating a heat-induced physiological trade-off that prioritizes survival over reproduction. Consistent with these molecular responses, heat-stressed insects exhibited marked reproductive impairment, including significant reductions in gonadosomatic index, eupyrene sperm bundle count, mating frequency, mating success, female calling behaviour, copulation duration, fecundity, and egg fertility. Collectively, these findings provide comprehensive insights into the molecular basis of thermal adaptation in S. litura and demonstrate that acute heat stress compromises reproductive fitness while activating conserved stress-response pathways that promote short-term survival.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

The relationship between food intake and outdoor temperature in a longitudinal study: a public health perspective in the context of global warming.

BACKGROUND: Climate change affects human health and nutrition. Rising temperatures may significantly impact diets, but research on their influence on dietary habits in large populations remains limited. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to study the link between outdoor temperature and energy-adjusted food consumption across profiles in a longitudinal study. METHODS: This study included 100,851 participants from the NutriNet-Santé study (2009-2023) with 1,716,046 24-h dietary records linked to daily maximum outdoor temperature at the residence, from the nearest Météo-France station. Associations were analyzed using linear mixed models with interactions tested for sex and 6 socioeconomic profiles (employees, privileged, intermediate, young, disadvantaged, and retirees) derived from clustering. RESULTS: Across all subgroups, higher outdoor temperature was associated with higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, processed meats, sweet products, water, alcoholic beverages, and sugar-sweetened beverages, whereas consumption of red meat, pulses, and dairy products decreased. From 25°C to 35°C, the increase in alcohol consumption with temperature was more pronounced in males {150 g/d [95% confidence interval (CI): 147 g/d, 153 g/d] to 166 g/d [95% CI: 162 g/d, 171 g/d], +11%} than in females [101 g/d (95% CI: 98 g/d, 103 g/d) to 107 g/d (95% CI: 104 g/d, 109 g/d), +6%]. Across socioeconomic profiles, changes shared similar directions, but some trends were more marked, notably for alcoholic beverages among employees (95% CI: 114 g/d, 130 g/d; +14%) and sugar-sweetened beverages in young (95% CI: 56 g/d, 72 g/d; +29%). Consumption of fruits increased more modestly in the young (95% CI: 227 g/d, 248 g/d; +9%) than in employees (95% CI: 194 g/d, 227 g/d; +17%). These changes, although variable in magnitude, were not accompanied by substantial modifications in energy intake or overall diet quality scores. CONCLUSIONS: These results emphasize the importance of targeted prevention messages when temperatures exceed 25°C, especially concerning alcoholic and sugar-sweetened beverages, and offer insight into potential long-term food consumption patterns (beyond seasonal changes) in the context of global warming.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

The future of precision oncology and artificial intelligence in Belgium: scenarios and policy responses.

PURPOSE: Precision medicine, also known as personalized medicine, enables the provision of tailored health services to patients. In the prevention, early detection, and treatment of cancers, precision medicine is highly promising, given the increasing use of genomic profiling for diagnosis and adapting therapies in several tumor types. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can support this process by analyzing vast amounts of relevant data. However, high-quality data and financial investments in the health system are essential for the implementation of precision medicine and AI solutions in routine cancer care. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Building on the quantitative outcomes of a foresight exercise published in another study, this article collects qualitative data to gain more detailed insights into the future of precision oncology in Belgium and discusses the role of AI in this field. It reports the results of a series of expert workshops, focusing on four hypothetical future scenarios that are centered around technological and economic issues that must be overcome for the widespread use of precision oncology in Belgium. FINDINGS: The study concludes that all four scenarios discussed in the workshops would require supportive policy measures in Belgium, which should go beyond mere technological and economic considerations, such as involving patient associations and the public in policy design or creating multi-disciplinary expert groups for precision medicine. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to employ foresight methodology to illustrate possible future scenarios, scrutinize feasible approaches for implementing precision oncology in Belgium, and discuss the use of AI in this context.

Belgium↗
PubMed2026

Retention strategies and participant retention rates among prospective longitudinal pregnancy cohorts: a systematic mapping review.

Prospective longitudinal pregnancy cohorts can answer questions about fetal and early life exposures and later health outcomes; however, there are challenges to retaining participants in longitudinal studies, particularly over life transitions like the birth of a child. Optimal methods for retaining participants in longitudinal research are unclear. A systematic mapping review was conducted to identify prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials that enrolled pregnant participants and their infants. Data on retention rates and 17 retention strategies was extracted. A random effects meta-analysis generated pooled annual retention rates inversely weighted to the number of baseline participants. Spearman rank coefficients were used to assess correlation between strategy use and retention. A random-effects meta-regression was used to determine if select retention strategies were associated with participant retention. We identified 130 studies, involving 472 022 pregnancies. A downward trend in pooled mean retention rates were observed. Studies utilized an average of 6.8 (SD 3.9) retention strategies. Statistically significant associations were not observed between strategy use and retention rates at follow-up (p > 0.05). Prospective studies of pregnant people and their infants used multiple retention strategies. Participant retention rates declined over time, suggesting that additional factors may influence study participation in the postpartum period.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Effectiveness of Mobile-Delivered Exercise and Yoga Programs on Depressive Symptom Reduction in Employees: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Mental health challenges such as stress and depression are prevalent among employees. Mobile health platforms that deliver exercise or yoga interventions offer a promising approach to improve mental health outcomes in this population. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 12-session adaptive moderate-intensity exercise and yoga programs delivered via a motion-detecting digital platform in reducing stress and depressive symptoms among employees. METHODS: This was an unblinded, 3-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial conducted at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Boramae Medical Center between November 2023 and January 2024. Eligible participants were full-time employees. Seventy-five participants were randomly assigned to an exercise, a yoga, or a cognitive behavioral therapy-based self-care control group using computer-generated randomization. The exercise and yoga groups engaged in motion-detecting, adaptive physical activity training, whereas the control group accessed mobile-based, self-directed stress management educational materials. The intervention was largely automated, with no individualized therapeutic guidance provided. Allocation was concealed until trial entry. All recruitment and outcome assessments were conducted in person at the hospitals. The primary outcomes were perceived stress and depressive symptoms, whereas the secondary outcomes included posttraumatic stress, insomnia severity, cognitive stress response, occupational stress, and burnout. Physiological outcomes were assessed using heart rate variability and electroencephalography. Measurements were collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 4-week follow-up. Data were analyzed using a multivariate linear model to evaluate the main effects of time, group, and time&#xd7;group interactions. RESULTS: Of the 75 randomized participants (exercise: n=24, 32%; yoga: n=25, 33.3%; and control: n=26, 34.7%), 71 (94.7%) who completed at least 9 of the 12 sessions (&#x2265;40 min each) were included in the outcome analysis (exercise: n=21, 29.5%; yoga: n=24, 33.8%; and control: n=26, 36.6%). For the coprimary outcomes, the group&#xd7;time interaction for depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) approached but did not reach the Bonferroni-corrected threshold (F4,136=2.71; P=.03; adjusted &#x3b1;=.025); however, planned pairwise comparisons revealed significantly greater improvement in the yoga group compared to the control group at 4-week follow-up (&#x3b2;=-3.67; adjusted P<.001). For the Perceived Stress Scale, the interaction was not significant (P=.29), although a significant main effect of time (P<.001) indicated overall stress reduction across all groups. For secondary outcomes, a significant group&#xd7;time interaction was found for the Cognitive Stress Responses Scale (P=.003), indicating differential trajectories of improvement. The yoga group showed a consistent linear decrease, whereas the exercise group showed immediate but less sustained gains. CONCLUSIONS: Digitally delivered adaptive yoga programs demonstrated superior and sustained improvements in depressive symptoms and Cognitive Stress Responses Scale scores compared with the active cognitive behavioral therapy-based self-care control group. However, the exercise program showed more modest and less sustained effects, warranting further investigation using larger samples.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Molecular Landscape and Advanced Diagnostic Technologies for BRAF Mutations in Cancer: From Quantitative PCR and ddPCR to CRISPR-Based Platforms.

BRAF mutations are key oncogenic alterations across multiple malignancies, including melanoma, thyroid carcinoma, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, glioma, and hairy cell leukemia. The most prevalent variant, BRAF-V600E, induces constitutive activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, promoting tumor progression and influencing therapeutic responsiveness. Accurate detection of BRAF alterations is therefore essential for molecular classification, prognostic assessment, treatment selection, and resistance surveillance. This review summarizes the molecular heterogeneity of BRAF mutations and critically evaluates current diagnostic methodologies. Conventional approaches such as allele-specific PCR and Sanger sequencing are compared with advanced quantitative platforms, including high-resolution melting analysis, droplet digital PCR, and next-generation sequencing, with emphasis on analytical sensitivity, mutation coverage, and clinical applicability. Emerging technologies such as CRISPR-based assays, rolling circle amplification systems, and nanoparticle-based biosensors and point-of-care diagnostic platforms are also discussed for their potential to enhance ultra-sensitive detection, particularly in liquid biopsy settings. These emerging tools are highlighted for their potential to enable ultra-sensitive, rapid, and decentralized mutation detection, particularly in liquid biopsy settings. Key challenges, including intratumoral heterogeneity, low allele-frequency variants, FFPE-associated artifacts, and clonal evolution under therapeutic pressure, are examined within a translational framework. In addition, we examine critical barriers to clinical implementation, including standardization, cost, and global accessibility of molecular diagnostics, and outline potential solutions through scalable technologies and decentralized testing strategies. We propose that optimal BRAF testing requires a mutation subclass-informed and clinically integrated strategy combining comprehensive baseline profiling with longitudinal molecular monitoring. Future diagnostic paradigms will likely integrate multi-omics data and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted interpretation to refine precision oncology implementation. Looking forward, we propose that optimal BRAF testing will require integration of multi-omics profiling with AI-assisted interpretation, enabling automated variant classification, real-time clinical decision support, and improved prediction of therapeutic response and resistance.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Dual-Reporter Gene-Based Multimodal Imaging for Tracking Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diabetic Skin Wound Repair.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a clinically challenging complication characterized by poor healing outcomes, and conventional therapies provide limited benefit. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation offers a promising strategy for DFU repair. However, the low survival of transplanted MSCs in the hostile wound microenvironment, coupled with the lack of real-time, non-invasive methods to track these cells in vivo, severely hampers their therapeutic efficacy and clinical translation. METHODS: We engineered MSCs to co-express a dual reporter system comprising near-infrared fluorescent protein (iRFP) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1). These modified cells were then integrated with a fibrin glue (FG) scaffold to create a unified platform that supports both multimodal imaging and therapeutic function within skin wounds. First, FTH1 overexpression enhances the antioxidant capacity of MSCs, while the FG scaffold provides structural support; this combination enhances cell survival and retention. Second, the iRFP/FTH1 dual reporter enables near-infrared fluorescence imaging and MRI-based localization, establishing a multimodal platform for real-time cell tracking. RESULTS: In a full-thickness skin defect model in diabetic mice, multimodal imaging revealed that transplanted cells persisted in the wound area for approximately seven days. Treatment with iRFP/FTH1-MSCs/FG significantly accelerated wound closure and promoted hair follicle regeneration and angiogenesis. Additionally, local iron deposition resulting from FTH1 expression enhanced fibroblast migration and collagen synthesis, further facilitating extracellular matrix remodeling. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that this therapy drives macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and activates the PI3K-AKT-VEGF signaling pathway. These complementary effects synergistically enhance tissue regeneration and systematically improve diabetic wound healing. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, this multimodal stem cell-scaffold system effectively integrates dynamic cell tracking with stem cell therapy during skin wound repair. It addresses a critical technical gap in visualizing stem cells within the wound microenvironment and provides valuable methodological and theoretical foundations for optimizing regenerative strategies for diabetic skin wounds.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Effectiveness and implementation of task-sharing cognitive-behavioral interventions for perinatal mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral interventions (CBIs) delivered by nonspecialist providers (NSPs) on perinatal depressive (PND) and anxiety symptoms, and to narratively synthesize their implementation processes and reported implementation outcomes, including acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, cost, and sustainability. METHODS: We systematically searched eight databases from inception to April 8, 2025. Eligible studies were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing CBIs delivered by NSPs for PND and/or anxiety. Two reviewers independently screened, extracted, and assessed trials. Meta-analyses employed random-effects models, with subgroup, sensitivity, meta-regression, and publication bias analyses conducted in Stata 18.0. Implementation processes and outcomes were reported as frequencies or percentages across trials. RESULTS: A total of 47 trials (11, 357 participants) were included in the systematic review, of which 37 trials (8,709 participants) were included for meta-analyses. CBIs were conducted in 12 countries. Nurses and midwives delivered 45% of CBIs. CBIs were associated with reduced PND post-intervention compared with control conditions (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.49, 95% CI -0.63 to -0.35; I&#xb2; = 86.8%). Limited evidence from four trials suggested a small sustained effect at 12 months (SMD -0.14, 95% CI -0.27 to -0.02; I&#xb2; = 26.4%). Reductions in anxiety symptoms were observed immediately post-intervention (SMD, -0.45, 95% CI -0.65 to -0.25; I&#xb2;=81%), but evidence for longer-term effects was limited. Subgroup analyses confirmed consistent effects across diverse settings, populations, and intervention characteristics. Reporting of implementation processes (e.g., training, supervision, fidelity) was limited, with only 23.4% of trials assessing fidelity and 10.6% evaluating costs. CONCLUSIONS: NSP-delivered CBIs showed beneficial effects on PND and anxiety, with generally encouraging evidence for acceptability and feasibility. However, evidence for sustained effects beyond the immediate post-intervention period remains limited. Future studies should strengthen long-term follow-up and improve reporting of implementation processes and outcomes, particularly in rural and adolescent perinatal populations, to inform scalable and equitable task-sharing models.

Humans↗