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PubMed1991

[Haptoglobin administration for hemolysis with autotransfusion of blood ultrafiltered after cardiopulmonary bypass].

Ultrafiltration is well known as a useful method of hemoconcentration of the blood after cardiopulmonary bypass, but free hemoglobin increase is a problem in autotransfusion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of haptoglobin administration for hemolysis with autotransfused blood ultrafiltered after cardiopulmonary bypass. By means of haptoglobin administration, autotransfusion of blood ultrafiltered with Hemocon (CD Medical Inc.) composed cellulose acetate membrane was performed in patients over a long period (max 313 min) of cardiopulmonary bypass, and with high serum free hemoglobin levels (max 128 mg/dl) at the end of the cardiopulmonary bypass. Comparing the prophylactic administration with the therapeutic administration of haptoglobin, both methods effectively prevented the increment of serum free hemoglobin level, but prophylactic administration (priming administration) was safer and more useful considering free hemoglobin level in ultrafiltered blood and changes of serum free haptoglobin, free hemoglobin and creatinine clearance during and after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[17 Beta-estradiol interaction with haptoglobin and its complex with hemoglobin].

The estradiol-binding capacity of sheep haptoglobin and its complex with hemoglobin was investigated. It was shown that in the presence of H2O2 the haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex tightly binds 17 beta-estradiol. No dissociation of the estradiol-protein complex occurs after its precipitation with trichloroacetic acid and steroid extraction with the ester. It is supposed that the 17 beta-estradiol is bound to the protein by covalent bonds; this binding is characteristic only of the haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex but not of haptoglobin alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Purification of swine haptoglobin by affinity chromatography.

A globin-agarose affinity chromatography technique was used to purify swine haptoglobin. This technique provides a highly specific, single-step purification method without the contamination of extraneous serum proteins reported by previous studies. Complex formation between the haptoglobin isolate and swine hemoglobin confirmed that biological activity was maintained during the purification process. Immunoelectrophoretic and Ouchterlony immunodiffusion methods revealed that the swine haptoglobin isolate cross-reacted with polyvalent antisera against human haptoglobin.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The haptoglobin-streptococcus relationship].

In many experiments beginning in 1977 Prof. O. Prokop and Prof. W. Köhler discovered that the human haptoglobins are able to agglutinate group G-streptococci, but the reaction depends on the haptoglobin type. Haptoglobins of the types Hp 2-2 and Hp 2-1 are complete agglutinins and haptoglobin of the Hp 1-1 type is incomplete ("blocking") antibody. Later it was found that streptococci with the T4--antigen (from Lancefield types A, C and G) are suitable for the test.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical experience of autotransfusion system (ATS)--changes in free hemoglobin and haptoglobin].

This study was done to evaluate the usefulness of ATS and the administration of haptoglobin, and is comprised of 15 patients following open heart surgery. Shed mediastinal blood was retransfused during 4-6 hours after open heart surgery. Plasma free Hb (F-Hb) value of the shed blood was 647 mg/dl. But plasma F-Hb of patient did not significantly increase after retransfusion of shed blood without administration of haptoglobin. Plasma F-Hb of patient decreased significantly from 12 mg/dl to 3.3 mg/dl when haptoglobin was given. (p less than 0.05). There was no serious complication associated with the use of ATS, and could save 300 ml of homologous blood. It is concluded that ATS can be used safely for saving homologous blood after open heart surgery and haptoglobin is effective for decreasing of plasma F-Hb.

Blood Transfusion, Autologous↗
PubMed1985

Effect of endogenous pyrogen, corticosteroids and inhibitors of prostaglandins and leukotrienes on the plasma concentrations of haptoglobin and fibrinogen in rats.

Injections of endogenous pyrogen (EP) in normal rats significantly increased plasma concentration of haptoglobin and fibrinogen while in adrenalectomized animals the same treatment was ineffective. Nevertheless when cortisone was injected simultaneously with EP into adrenalectomized rats the responses of fibrinogen and haptoglobin were restored. These results suggest that biosynthesis of fibrinogen and haptoglobin is corticosteroid-dependent. Inhibition of the cyclo-oxygenase pathway with ibuprofen or the lipoxygenase pathway with BW755C had no effect on the increase of plasma fibrinogen or haptoglobin levels stimulated by either EP or endotoxin. These data indicate that neither prostaglandins nor leukotrienes are involved in the production of these acute phase reactants induced by either stimulus.

4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyraz↗
PubMed1988

[trypsin inhibition by sheep haptoglobin].

It was found that sheep haptoglobin causes non-competitive inhibition of trypsin. The enzyme inactivation is due to its interaction with haptoglobin. MetHb and thionine do not influence the efficiency of haptoglobin as a trypsin inhibitor. It is concluded that the haptoglobin molecule has a trypsin-binding site which differs from the sites responsible for the interaction with MetHb and thionine.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Elimination from rat circulation of goat and sheep haptoglobin and their complexes with rat haemoglobin.

The rate of elimination from rat circulation of 125I-labelled human, goat and sheep haptoglobin, and their complexes with rat haemoglobin was studied. The clearance of human haptoglobin-rat haemoglobin complex from rat circulation was about 5 times faster than that of free haptoglobin. For sheep and goat haptoglobin and their complexes with rat haemoglobin the rate of elimination was identical, the half-life time t 1/2 ranging from 8 to 9 h.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Adaptation of a fluorescent immunoassay for canine haptoglobin.

The development and adaptation of a fluorescent immunoassay for determining changes in canine haptoglobin levels is described. Levels of canine haptoglobin determined by the fluorescent immunoassay from a group of healthy dog sera (68.0 mg/dl) compared favorably to the haptoglobin levels determined by a spectrophotometric method (74.5 mg/dl). The fluorescent immunoassay offered several advantages over currently used methods for determining levels of canine haptoglobin in serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A new method for typing haptoglobin in bloodstains using immobilized allo A lectin.

Allo A lectin from the beetle, which is beta-D-galactose specific, reacts to haptoglobin but not to hemoglobin. The use of allo A-Sepharose for typing haptoglobin in bloodstains helped eliminate hemoglobin from the bloodstain extract and presented highly resolved haptoglobin patterns by disc gel electrophoresis. This method is simple and rapid for typing haptoglobin in bloodstains and can be easily used in forensic science laboratories.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[The relationship between haptoglobin type and serum agglutination titers against group G streptococci with the T4-antigen in pregnant women and newborn infants].

The relationship between haptoglobin type and titer of agglutination against streptococci carrying the T4-antigen was examined in 100 pairs of sera (mother/child). In healthy pregnant women high titers were predominant in individuals of haptoglobin type 2--2. Lower titers were found in sera of women with diseases during pregnancy. In 4% of the newborns only the haptoglobin type could be recognized. In comparison of maternal and neonate titers of agglutination pointed out the antibody-like activity of haptoglobins.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1979

Haptoglobins act similar to antibodies. Steps of discovery. Analogous conclusions from pure preparations, umbilical cord sera and animal sera.

The haptoglobins in man and in mammals are agglutinin-like-substances for streptococci having the T4 antigen. The kind of the agglutinin-like behaviour depends on the genetic type of the haptoglobins. Haptoglobins of the types Hp 2-2, Hp 2-2 like and Hp 2-1 are hightitred complete agglutinins (titre in the range between 1:200 up to 1:3000 and higher) whereas haptoglobins of the type Hp 1-1 are "blocking antibodies". - The steps of the discovery and evidence are presented in detail. Different questions dealing with the clinical significance are discussed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

[Relationship between anti-G-streptococcal titers and the haptoglobin type in human serum--aspects of the observed correlations].

In systematic investigations we found a relationship between the haptoglobin types of human sera and the agglutinability of some group-G streptococcal strains. Sera with the haptoglobin type Hp 1-1 do not agglutinate these strains (or with low titres up to 1:16 only). On the other hand sera with the haptoglobin types Hp 2-1 or Hp 2-2 agglutinate the streptococci with titres from 1:200 to 1:3,200 (or more). The aspects resulting from these findings were discussed in detail. They may have among others practical consequences for the forensic medicine and the role of the haptoglobins must be thought over again.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1977

[Populational-age dynamics of types of haptoglobins among the inhabitants of the northeast USSR].

As the result of investigation of the types of haptoglobin in 367 practically healthy inhabitants of Magadan and of 711 Chukchees from four villages of the Chukotsk National Region an increase of the frequency of the 1--1 type in each successive age group was observed. In Chukchees in elder age groups it is less conspicuous. A different adaptive value of the types of haptoglobin in the region studied is assumed. This adaptive value can be expressed as follows: 1--1 greater than 2--1 greater than 2--2. A consideration is adduced about the presence of this region of a powerful systematically acting factor leading to a simple shift of the frequencies of haptoglobin types in respresentatives of two ethnic groups. A conclusion is drawn about an unequal adaptive value of haptoglobin types at different periods of ontogenesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Diagnostic importance of ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin in nephropathy of pregnancy].

Serum ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin levels of 87 females-pregnant with toxicosis, with a past history of toxicosis with morbid manifestations and healthy pregnant ones were studied. Characteristic correlations are outlined--highly elevated ceruloplasmin level with normal haptoglobin level in the pregnant with toxicosis, moderate elevation of ceruloplasmin level with normal haptoglobin level--in the normally progressing pregnancy and slightly elevated ceruloplasmin level with elevated haptoglobin level--in patients with residual morbid manifestations after a past history of toxicosis. The establishment of such a combination in the last group, being characteristic for the chronic glomerulonephritis, provides grounds the latter to be used as a prognostic index in the evaluation of post-toxicosis kidney injuries--a tendency to chronification.

Ceruloplasmin↗
PubMed1977

[Demonstration of an agglutination-like nature of haptoglobins against streptococci with T4-antigen through the examination of umbilical cord sera].

The determinability of haptoglobin types is correlated with the titers of agglutination against streptococci carrying the T4 antigen. If the haptoglobin types in cord-sera cannot be determined (as a result of the physiological binding of haptoglobins) the agglutination reaction fails or the titers are greatly diminished. The dimorphism, which was found in sera of adults, can be demonstrated in cord sera, too, if they can be typed. It is concluded that the observed reaction between Hp 2-2 and Hp 2-1 sera with T4-streptococci is caused by the haptoglobin itself.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1980

[Haptoglobin in the biological diagnosis of gastric cancer (author's transl)].

Serum haptoglobin has been determined in a series of 69 patients with metastatic and non-metastatic gastric cancer. In both circumstances a marked increase of haptoglobin levels in comparison to the results in the control group was observed. A significant decrease was noticed in the presence of liver metastasis. Total alpha 2-globulin levels were also high in this patients, but a significant decrease was not observed in cases with liver metastasis. There was no parallelism between the values of haptoglobin and total alpha 2-globulins. The usefulness of these results in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer is stressed. Radial immunodiffusion using immunoserum anti-haptoglobin 1-1 is the technique of choice.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1980

Hemoglobin-haptoglobin receptor in rat liver plasma membrane.

The presence of a receptor specific for the hemoglobin . haptoglobin complex is demonstrated in rat liver plasma membranes. Hemoglobin . haptoglobin complex, administered intravenously to rats, was cleared from the circulation at a constant rate with exclusive incorporation of the molecule into hepatocytes. This incorporation was unaffected by the simultaneous injection of asialoglycoprotein or heme . hemopexin complex. In vitro experiments with isolated liver plasma membranes indicated the absence of competitive binding of these molecules to the membrane and suggested that this receptor might recognize an altered conformation of the haptoglobin moiety of the complex resulting from the binding with hemoglobin. These observations suggest that the mechanism of recognition and binding of hemoglobin . haptoglobin complex by the receptor is different from that of the asialoglycoprotein receptor or heme . hemopexin receptor.

Animals↗