Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Gravity Suits”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Giant hemangioma: treatment with intermittent pneumatic compression.

Giant cavernous hemangiomas in newborns and infants can present with life-threatening complications. Although some modes of therapy are effective, there is a significant associated morbidity and mortality. The author reports two cases of complicated giant cavernous hemangiomas treated successfully with intermittent pneumatic compression. This mode of therapy is effective in the treatment of accessible giant hemangiomas. It is safe, simple, and inexpensive and, when possible, should be used as a primary mode of treatment in complicated cases.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1993

The effect of intermittent pneumatic compression devices on intraoperative blood loss during radical prostatectomy and radical cystectomy.

Intermittent pneumatic compression devices are a widely used, effective and presumed risk-free method of deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis, presumably by increasing peak venous blood velocity, and stimulating local and systemic fibrinolysis. We investigated whether intermittent pneumatic compression devices had any effect on intraoperative blood loss or transfusion during radical pelvic urological surgery. To our knowledge no previous study has addressed these issues. Records were reviewed for patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy or radical cystectomy with diversion from 1985 to 1990. A total of 91 cases was reviewed: 38 radical retropubic prostatectomies and 53 radical cystectomies with diversion (34 male and 19 female patients). There were 59 patients with intermittent pneumatic compression devices (29 radical retropubic prostatectomies and 30 radical cystectomies with diversion) and 32 without intermittent pneumatic compression devices (9 radical retropubic prostatectomies and 23 radical cystectomies with diversion). Intraoperative blood loss and transfusions were calculated for each group with and without intermittent pneumatic compression devices. No clinically apparent lower extremity deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolus was diagnosed in any patient. For the group with intermittent pneumatic compression devices mean intraoperative blood loss was 2,541 ml. (range 700 to 8,850) versus 1,807 ml. (range 450 to 5,100) without a device, for a statistically significant difference of 734 ml. (p = 0.005). When 5 patients with excessive intraoperative blood loss (more than 5,000 ml.) were excluded the statistically significant difference was maintained. When comparing radical retropubic prostatectomy and radical cystectomy with diversion, with and without intermittent pneumatic compression devices, blood loss was greater for the group with a device for each procedure. Differences in intraoperative blood loss were independent of sex or tumor stage. Intraoperative transfusions were increased by approximately 0.6 units per patient with the device. Our study suggests that intermittent pneumatic compression devices may increase blood loss during a radical pelvic operation.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed1992

Prospective randomized trial of warfarin and intermittent pneumatic leg compression as prophylaxis for postoperative deep venous thrombosis in major urological surgery.

Postoperative deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolus remain a major source of morbidity and mortality for the urological surgery patient. We report the results of the first 100 patients in a prospective, randomized trial of low dose warfarin and intermittent pneumatic leg compression for deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative real-time ultrasound imaging and Doppler flow studies of the popliteal, femoral and iliac veins for the evaluation of deep venous thrombosis. Our results indicate that low dose warfarin is as effective as intermittent pneumatic leg compression for prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis. Low dose warfarin can be used effectively without any significant bleeding complications. We recommend the use of low dose warfarin as an alternative to intermittent pneumatic leg compression for deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis of the urological patient undergoing a major urological operation.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

DVT prophylaxis and anticoagulation in the surgical patient.

One of the most common postoperative complications is venous thromboembolism, a term encompassing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. This article reviews the epidemiology, natural history, difficulties in diagnosis, and strategies for the prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism. We thoroughly review the currently available methods for thromboprophylaxis including: early ambulation, elastic compression stockings, pneumatic compression devices, inferior vena cava filters, and a variety of pharmacologic agents such as unfractionated heparin, warfarin, aspirin, low molecular weight heparin, and pentasaccharides. Finally, we review the perioperative management of patients on long-term oral anticoagulation.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2001

Pneumatic compression versus low molecular weight heparin in gynecologic oncology surgery: a randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and treatment-related complications of low molecular weight heparin and external pneumatic compression in the prevention of venous thromboembolism of postoperative gynecologic oncology patients. METHODS: A total of 211 patients over age 40 years, undergoing a major operative procedure for gynecologic malignancy, were randomized to receive perioperative thromboembolism prophylaxis with either low molecular weight heparin (n = 105) or external pneumatic compression (n = 106). Demographic data and clinical outcome were recorded for each patient. All patients underwent bilateral Doppler ultrasound of the lower extremities on postoperative days 3-5 to evaluate for the presence of occult deep vein thrombosis. A follow-up interview 30 days after surgery sought to detect patients who developed deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism after hospital discharge. RESULTS: Venous thrombosis was diagnosed in two patients receiving low molecular weight heparin and in one patient receiving external pneumatic compression. The frequency of bleeding complications, measured by the number of required perioperative transfusions, and estimated intraoperative blood loss was similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Low molecular weight heparin and external pneumatic compression are similarly effective in the postoperative prophylaxis of thromboembolism. The use of low molecular weight heparin is not associated with an increased risk of bleeding complications when compared with external pneumatic compression. We believe that both modalities are reasonable choices for prophylaxis in this high-risk group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A therapeutic approach to venous ulcers.

Recent progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis of venous ulcers and in the biology of healing allows us to formulate a therapeutic strategy for patients with venous ulcerations. Systemic evaluation and local considerations of the ulcerated areas are important in the management of these patients. Occlusive therapy, made easier by new and more effective dressings, relieves pain, leads to better and faster healing in a moist environment, and facilitates treatment in the ambulatory setting. Fibrinolytic therapy, aimed at reducing pericapillary fibrin and restoring proper physiologic exchanges between blood and tissues, may benefit some patients with extensive and nonhealing ulcers.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Ulcerated edematous limbs: effect of edema removal on transcutaneous oxygen measurements.

We studied the effect of edema removal on transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPO2) in eight patients with leg ulcers. An external pneumatic compression device was effective in removing edema from the ulcerated limbs over a 5-day course of treatment, at which time all treated limbs were clinically free of edema. TcPO2 levels at room air at the ulcer site were markedly reduced when compared with the control chest site, both before and after external pneumatic compression device therapy (p less than 0.001). Edema removal, however, did not significantly alter TcPO2 values (p greater than 0.9). No significant positional effects on TcPO2 values were noted with patients supine, sitting, or with the affected limbs elevated. Five patients (63%) had increased TcPO2 values adjacent to the ulcer site when receiving supplemental oxygen. For these patients, TcPO2 values increased after oxygen inhalation, both before and after edema removal (p less than 0.05). We conclude that TcPO2 values are markedly reduced in ulcerated edematous limbs. Edema, however, may not constitute a barrier to oxygen diffusion through the skin and does not account for the low TcPO2 values in the ulcerated edematous limb. Therefore the positive therapeutic effect of removing edema is unlikely to be related to better oxygenation of the tissues.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Timing and interpretation of the hemodynamic effects of the pneumatic antishock garment.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To clarify apparently conflicting reports on the hemodynamic effects of the pneumatic antishock garment (PASG). DESIGN: Ten anesthetized dogs with hemorrhagic hypotension had hemodynamics measured without PASG inflation (group 1) and were compared with ten dogs with PASG inflation (group 2). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Baseline and immediate posthemorrhage data were similar in both groups. Group 1 maintained a carotid artery pressure of 85 +/- 9 mm Hg while group 2, by design, maintained baseline CP at 119 +/- 12 mm Hg. After PASG inflation, carotid artery flow increased by 50%, and femoral artery flow decreased tenfold. There was an immediate but transient increase (2.4 +/- 0.1 to 2.7 +/- 0.1 L/min, P less than .05) and a later decrease in cardiac output to 1.9 +/- 0.9 L/min and an increased pulmonary artery wedge pressure and central venous pressure over one hour. Saline (342 +/- 12 mL) reversed the decreased cardiac output without changing pulmonary artery wedge pressure or central venous pressure. CONCLUSION: PASG inflation, therefore, not only increases venous return and cardiac output initially by compressive venous emptying but also decreases venous return and cardiac output later by further venous compression without cardiac decompensation. Thus, apparently conflicting data are explained by the timing and interpretation of the raw hemodynamic measurements.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Intravenous verapamil in the prehospital treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.

The prehospital treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) with verapamil alone or in comparison with other interventions has not been studied. A sequential protocol consisting of Valsalva maneuver, ice packs, pneumatic antishock garment inflation, and verapamil 0.5 mg IV was implemented in an urban emergency medical services system after appropriate paramedic education. On-line physician discretion could alter the protocol in specific clinical situations. Inclusion criteria required a narrow-complex regular tachycardia at a rate of between 150 and 250. Of 43 patients identified, the protocol was applied sequentially in 26 (60%) and with valid physician discretion in 15 patients (35%) (due to hypotension, chest pain, or dyspnea). Conversion to a more stable rhythm occurred in 25 patients (59%). Of these, all but one achieved a sinus mechanism. The Valsalva maneuver and ice pack application were ineffective in achieving rhythm conversion, being successful in only two of 33 (6%), one of 31 (3%), and four of 24 (17%) attempts, respectively (P greater than .05). Verapamil, however, was significantly more effective (18 of 24 attempts, 75%) than any of the other interventions either singly (P less than .01) or in combination (P less than .0001). No clinically important adverse effects occurred with any intervention, but application of the protocol increased mean on-scene time to 30.6 minutes. We conclude that verapamil is an effective agent for the prehospital termination of PSVT but that careful on-line physician supervision and a system for confirming rhythm identification are both essential.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of pneumatic trousers on intracranial pressure in hypovolemic dogs with an intracranial mass.

Thirty-six dogs under chloralose anesthesia were studied in groups of six. Arterial pressure (BP), central venous pressure (CVP), intracranial pressure (ICP), and arterial blood gases were monitored. The group underwent: 1) anesthesia only; 2) phlebotomy (P) (40% of blood volume) and reinfusion (RI) of half the shed blood plus Ringer's lactate solution; 3) P followed by pneumatic trousers (PT), and then RI; 4) inflation of an epidural 2-cc Foley catheter (EFC); 5) P followed by EFC and then RI; and 6) P followed by EFC and then by PT and RI. Group 1 was stable. In Group 2, P lowered BP (49 torr systolic +/- 6 SEM), CVP, and ICP. RI restored these. In Group 3, the PT improved BP (P less than .05) without increasing ICP. In Group 4, EFC increased ICP (P less than .05) to 15 +/- 4 torr. In Groups 5 and 6, ICP was not significantly increased by EFC or PT and RI.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Hemodynamic effects of military anti-shock trousers (MAST) in experimental cardiac tamponade.

The ability of military anti-shock trousers (MAST) to increase central venous pressure and improve cardiac filling pressure suggests that they might be useful in the prehospital treatment of pericardial tamponade. This study utilizes a canine model to examine the hemodynamic effects of MAST inflation on experimentally induced pericardial tamponade. Use of the MAST garment improved cardiac filling, mean arterial pressure, and cardiac output in the decompensated tamponade state. It should be realized that animal data may not correlate with human clinical response.

Animals↗