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At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Anomalous internal carotid artery-anterior cerebral artery anastomosis associated with fenestration and cerebral aneurysm.

A 69-year-old female presented with a ruptured aneurysm at the distal tip of a fenestrated anomalous artery which originated in the ophthalmic segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA), passed between the optic nerves, ascended along the midline, and formed the fenestration before dividing into the bilateral pericallosal arteries. The anomalous artery manifested as subarachnoid hemorrhage. Four days later, she died from severe pulmonary edema. The angiographic finding was confirmed by postmortem examination. Numerous perforating vessels from the anomalous artery and the distal ICA supplied the optic nerves and chiasm. This finding supports the idea that this anomalous vessel may be an extreme developmental variation of the prechiasmal arterial plexus.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hearing thresholds of normal and fenestrated deaf pigeons. A behavioural study on hearing with the vestibular organ.

Hearing thresholds were measured for 5 normal pigeons with the heart-rate conditioning method. After extirpation of the membranous cochlea on both sides and fenestration of the lateral canals, hearing thresholds were measured again with the same method at 250, 750 and 1500 Hz. Hearing thresholds found in this way for deaf fenestrated pigeons correspond very well to threshold values for the "Tullio effect". Electrical activity in the vestibular nerve evoked by sound is thought to be the origin of these phenomena.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Argon laser stapedectomy: comparison to traditional fenestration techniques.

A retrospective review of all stapedectomies performed at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary over a 13 month period was undertaken to compare the results of argon laser stapedectomy to conventional footplate fenestration techniques. Despite the fact that it was new and unfamiliar to the surgical staff, the complication rate was lower with the argon laser than with footplate fenestration by traditional pick or drill techniques. The incidence of footplate fracture or removal preventing use of a small fenestra technique was five times as likely to occur with traditional instruments as with the argon laser (p < 0.025). In revision stapedectomy sensorineural hearing loss was four times as likely to occur with traditional instruments as with the argon laser (p < or = 0.05). The argon laser did not alter the operating time. Though not ideal for every case, the argon laser endo-otoprobe offers the surgeon a significant new tool to improve the outcome in stapes surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The fenestrated blood vessels of the endolymphatic sac. A freeze-fracture and transmission electron microscopic study.

The fenestrated blood vessels surrounding the endolymphatic sac in guinea pigs were investigated with the help of freeze-fracturing. The technique exposes the structure and distribution of vascular pores as well as interendothelial bridges or tight junctions between vascular endothelial cells. It is possible to get a three-dimensional comprehension of the vascular structure which can be compared with that of conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Discontinuity in the junctional elements as seen in some endothelial layers and the high number of fenestrations organized in geometric patterns, as well as the abundant, randomly distributed micropinocytotic vesicles seem to bear out the theory that the endolymphatic sac is one of the most metabolically active parts of the inner ear and may be involved in the turnover of endolymph.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Fenestration of semicircular canal for congenital microtia].

The purpose of this paper is to present a surgical method for microtia(small auricle, small external audiotory meatus and small tympanic membrane). 7 cases received fenestration of semicircular canal. During the operation it was found that the patients had congenital absence of oval windows and stapes, significant low position of horizontal facial canal covering the oval windows. It was impossible to perform labyrinthotomy in these patients. The only choice of operation is fenestration of semicircular canal. 7 ears underwent the operation as described. 6 weeks-21 months follow-up showed that all of the 7 ears achieved good hearing results. Range of hearing gain was 35-40 dB and bone-air gap was 25-30 dB.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Fenestrated sheen macular dystrophy.

Fenestrated sheen macular dystrophy is an autosomal dominant macular disorder characterized by the presence in the central macular zone of a golden sheen with tiny red fenestrations. Even in the later stages, only a mild functional disturbance has been observed. There were five patients manifesting this dystrophy in two generations of a family. They represent the third family so described.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Optic nerve sheath fenestration in pseudotumor cerebri. A lateral orbitotomy approach.

In patients with pseudotumor cerebri accompanied by loss of vision, optic nerve sheath fenestration is an effective route to prompt recovery of vision. A lateral orbitotomy approach to decompression of the optic nerve is appropriate for the ophthalmologist with adequate orbital experience. A rectangular window of dura and arachnoid, measuring approximately 3 X 5 mm, is excised from the bulbous portion of the optic nerve. It is important that the arachnoid within the window is excised because an intact arachnoid is an effective barrier to cerebrospinal fluid egress. The use of operating microscope, microsurgical instrument, and microdissecting techniques are emphasized. Twenty-eight patients (40 eyes) with progressive visual loss were treated by surgical nerve sheath fenestration. A study of the indications, results, and complications of this procedure is presented in a companion article.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1994

Optic nerve sheath fenestration for progressive ischemic optic neuropathy. Results in second series consisting of 21 eyes.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of optic nerve sheath fenestration in eyes with the progressive form of common anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. This investigation complements a previously reported initial series of 26 similar patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Optic nerve sheath fenestrations were performed in 21 eyes for treatment of common (nonarteritic) ischemic optic neuropathy with documented progressive deterioration of visual function. All patients underwent thorough preoperative and postoperative ocular evaluations by the Neuro-Ophthalmology Service at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Fla. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 22.5 weeks (range, 3 to 104 weeks), results were as follows: visual acuity increased by 2 or more lines on the Snellen chart in two eyes (9.5%; the combined improvement rate for the two series was 14.9%); visual acuity decreased by 2 more lines in two eyes (9.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Data from this series of 21 surgical procedures indicate no beneficial effect on visual morbidity in cases of common ischemic optic neuropathy and confirm the generally poor visual outcome implied from the results of optic nerve sheath decompression in our initial series. Based on this experience with a total of 47 eyes, we have discontinued optic nerve sheath decompression as a form of therapy for ischemic optic neuropathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Tracheal fenestration. An improved technique.

Tracheal fenestration consists of a skin-lined tracheocutaneous communication with two skin valves that provides rapid access to the tracheobronchial tree. The procedure was first described in 1956 but the operative technique is difficult, and results of the valvular stoma are complicated by poor healing and scar formation. For these reasons, I developed an improved technique with significant advantages over the original one. Certain physiologic considerations were discussed regarding the benefits of this operation. Tracheal fenestration has a sound basis in the treatment of respiratory insufficiency caused by chronic lung diseases with excessive secretion. It not only helps in the respiratory toilet of these patients but provides easy access for administration of oxygen and nebulized medications.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Closure of the fenestration in the extracardiac Fontan with the Amplatzer duct occluder device.

We report the successful use of the Amplatzer duct occluder for the delayed closure of the fenestration in three patients who underwent an extracardiac modified Fontan procedure. At the moment of closure, the patients were 5.5, 2.7, and 3 years old (29 months, 3 months, and 14 months after the Fontan procedure, respectively). Immediate full occlusion was achieved in all cases. In addition, arterial saturation increased significantly (> 5%) with no hemodynamic deterioration. There were no complications during or after the procedure, and the patients were discharged in good conditions the day after and with uneventful follow-up. In conclusion, the Amplatzer duct is safe and effective for the closure of the fenestration in the extracardiac Fontan. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:88-92.

Balloon Occlusion↗
PubMed2001

Alternative indications for laser-assisted tympanic membrane fenestration.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of the CO(2) Flashscanner laser for treatment of selected middle ear diseases other than otitis media with effusion (OME) and acute otitis media (AOM). STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of the records of 144 patients treated with the OtoLAM((R)) device, a Flashscanner laser, between July 1, 1998, and February 29, 2000. Patients treated for AOM or OME were excluded. RESULTS: Data are presented on 11 patients (17 ears). Four indications were identified: Elimination of middle ear fluid before auditory brainstem response with or without otoacoustic emission testing (ABR +/- OAE), barotrauma, eustachian tube obstruction, tympanocentesis when a culture of middle ear fluid was deemed necessary. All tympanic membranes (TM) healed. CONCLUSIONS: Fenestration of the TM can be accomplished for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Laser assisted tympanic membrane fenestration seems to be effective in the management of middle ear fluid before ABR +/- OAE, barotrauma, eustachian tube dysfunction, and for tympanocentesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Regrowth of damaged neurosecretory axons to fenestrated vessels of implanted peripheral tissues.

A major target of neurosecretory axons (NSA) is the basal lamina around fenestrated blood vessels (FBV) in the neural lobe of the pituitary gland. We have posed the question of whether there is neurovascular specificity. Do mature, regenerating NSA terminate selectively on the FBV of the neural lobe compared with the FBV of other tissues that normally are not innervated by NSA? Three types of tissue were transplanted between inbred Fisher rats. Fragments, about 1 mm3, of pineal, adrenal medulla, and neural lobe were grafted bilaterally to the hypothalamic, retro-chiasmatic area, which includes bundles of NSA from supraoptic and paraventricular neurosecretory nuclei exclusively, but no FBV. Two and 4 weeks later, the grafts were prepared for the immunohistochemical localization of NSA and for electron microscopy. NSA-FBV proximity was measured, and the number of NSA, FBV, and of NSA-FBV associations was counted per surface area of each graft. Regenerating NSA can associate as closely with FBV of other tissues as they can with the FBV of the neural lobe. There does not appear to be specificity with respect to the closeness of association between neurosecretory terminals and fenestrated capillaries. However, the number of these associations is greater in neural lobe grafts than in adrenal or pineal grafts at 4 weeks. The number of FBV is also greatest in neural lobe grafts at this time, an increase that would provide a greater opportunity for NSA-FBV associations.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1994

Highest brain bismuth levels and neuropathology are adjacent to fenestrated blood vessels in mouse brain after intraperitoneal dosing of bismuth subnitrate.

A small fraction of humans ingesting bismuth (Bi)-containing medications develops neurotoxicity in which neuropsychiatric signs precede motor dysfunction. Large ip doses of Bi subnitrate (BSN) produce similar signs in mice, but little is known about the pathogenesis of neurotoxicity in either species. Adult female Swiss-Webster mice received a neurotoxic dose (2500 mg/kg ip) of BSN. Bi distribution and neuropathology were determined as follows: (1) Regions of central and peripheral nervous system were assayed for Bi by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) 28 days after dosing, (2) regional brain Bi distribution was demonstrated in histologic sections by autometallography 28 days after dosing, and (3) blood/brain barrier status and neuropathologic effects were evaluated by light and electron microscopic techniques 1, 3, and 7 days and 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks after dosing. By AAS, Bi levels were highest in olfactory bulb (approximately 7 ppm), hypothalamus (approximately 7 ppm), septum (approximately 3 ppm), and brain stem (approximately 3 ppm). Striatum and cerebral cortex had the least Bi (approximately 1 ppm). Regional distribution by autometallography showed that high Bi levels were associated with diffusion of Bi from fenestrated blood vessels of circumventricular organs and olfactory epithelium. All treated mice had hydrocephalus, but no other pathology was demonstrable by light microscopy. By electron microscopy, dramatic expansion of the extracellular space between choroid plexus epithelial cells was observed. Dendrites in the neuropil of the hypothalamus and septum exhibited vacuoles and membranous debris. Based on the Bi distribution and lesions, we propose that diffusion of Bi from fenestrated blood vessels contributes to pathogenesis of neurotoxicity in mice. This proposal is consistent with the clinical features of Bi-related neurotoxicity in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Thoracoscopic pericardial fenestration after cardiac transplantation.

A patient suffered from recurrent pericardial effusions following heart transplantation. Repeated pericardiocentesis and insertion of pericardial drains could not resolve the problem and therefore surgical intervention was necessary. The procedure was performed as a minimally invasive thoracoscopic pericardial fenestration. Four months postoperative the patient was without recurrences. This method of pericardial fenestration after heart transplantation has been used for the first time.

Heart Transplantation↗
PubMed1987

Binding and endocytosis of heparin-gold conjugates by the fenestrated endothelium of the rat choriocapillaris.

Heparin-gold probes were used to localize regions of heparin binding on the luminal surface of the diaphragmed-fenestrated endothelium of the rat choriocapillaris. Structures of endothelial cells were unlabeled when rats were kept on ice and perfused with solutions at 4 degrees C. When the heparin-gold quantity was doubled, only a few heparin-gold particles marked some diaphragms spanning fenestrae, vesicles and channels, parajunctional regions of the plasmalemma, and coated pits. With solutions at 4 degrees C, but the animals kept at room temperature, all of these structures in the endothelial cells were labeled. This binding was not altered by the perfusion of low levels of unlabeled heparin, but was eliminated following high levels of unlabeled heparin, and by digestion with trypsin and pronase. At 37 degrees C, heparin was localized to the above structures and, in addition, was internalized into coated vesicles, endosomes, and multivesicular bodies, but not other types of lysosomes. Some particles were found in tubules adjacent to the Golgi stacks. Heparin-gold was also transported to the abluminal front of the endothelium by vesicles. A desulfated, non-anticoagulant, fraction of heparin bound to gold was localized to the endothelium in the same manner. These results demonstrate receptors for heparin on the surface of a fenestrated endothelium. Furthermore, they show the pathway of endocytosis and transport of heparin. The possible roles of heparin in the function of the endothelium is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Fenestration of the middle cerebral artery.

Three cases of angiographically demonstrated fenestration of the middle cerebral artery are reported. The incidence of demonstration of fenestration of the middle cerebral artery by angiography is 0.26%. Its clinical significance is discussed briefly.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous fenestration of a type I aortic dissection for relief of lower extremity ischemia.

A 36-year-old patient underwent successful percutaneous fenestration of a type I aortic dissection which had caused occlusion of the right common iliac artery and ischemia of the right lower extremity. The patient is currently (6 months post-fenestration) ambulating without any signs of vascular compromise. The technique may be useful in patients who are at high risk for surgical procedures.

Adult↗