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Results for “Divorced”

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PubMed1993

The role of paternal variables in divorced and married families: predictability of adolescent adjustment.

The predictability of adolescent adjustment, based on teacher reports, in divorced and married families was examined in relationship to four variables: paternal mood, spouse-ex-spouse relationship, father-adolescent relationship, and parental visitation. Analyses indicated that the father-adolescent relationship was predictive of adolescent functioning in divorced families, and the spousal relationship and paternal mood were similarly predictive in married families.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

The role of work identity in women's adjustment to divorce.

A study of the role of employment in the divorce adjustment of 40 women found work identity to be associated with higher self-esteem and lower distress. Four established components of work identity--meaningfulness, social interaction/support, productivity, and positive distraction--were assessed via qualitative analyses; links among various life contexts were examined; and postdivorce changes explored. Results support the role of work identity in divorced women's adjustment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Widowhood and divorce in relation to overall survival among middle-aged Norwegian women with cancer.

The aim of the study was to examine the relations between widowhood and divorce and overall survival among women with cancer. All Norwegian women born between 1935 and 1954, and diagnosed with cancer between 1966 and 1990, were followed up until 1991. In all, 14,231 cases were followed up for a median length of approximately 4.5 years (mean = 6 years), and 4311 women died during follow-up. In addition to overall cancer, separate analyses have been made for cancer at specific sites. Widows had a risk of dying which was nearly identical to that of married women for all sites except colorectal cancer, for which widows had a 2-fold increased death rate compared with married women. Divorced women had an overall increased hazard ratio of 1.17 (95% CI 1.07-1.27), which was confined to cancer of the breast, lung and cervix. With few clear exceptions women with children had a better survival than nulliparous women (overall hazard ratio = 0.80, 95% CI 0.74-0.87).

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Divorce, single parenting, and child development.

Application of "crisis" and "social facilitation" theory to program intervention with preschool-age children was undertaken to asses the effects of a preschool education experience on recovery of psychological functions following divorce. A pretest-posttest control group design was completed using single-parent (n = 7) and two-parent (n = 8) children in an educational setting as the treatment groups and two-parent (n = 8) children at home as the control. Maternal reports on self-assesed childrearing and child's behavior were obtained during an interview, while intellectual assessments and observational data on social behavior were collected by trained observers and teachers. Little evidence could be noted that suggested weakened mother-child interaction as a function of divorce. Crisis intervention was observed to be an effective technique in assisting single-parent children toward cognitive recovery. However, it remains unclear whether social behavioral problems of single-parent children were positively affected by the crisis intervention program.

Child Development↗
PubMed1988

Divorce potential and marital stability of adult women sexually abused as children compared to adult women not sexually abused as children.

This study was conducted to determine if significant differences exist between women in marital therapy who had been sexually abused as children and women in marital therapy who had not been sexually abused as children on the parameters of marital satisfaction and divorce potential. The null hypothesis was tested. No differences were found between the two groups. Both groups of women and their husbands experienced moderate marital dissatisfaction. Divorce potential for both groups and their husbands was low. The sexually abused women had significantly higher psychoticism scores on the SCL-90R than the nonabused women, generally representing moderately withdrawn, isolated lifestyle patterns.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childhood family disruptions and adult well-being: the differential effects of divorce and parental death.

This study draws on attachment theory and social learning theory and uses data from the National Survey of Families and Households to examine the differential effects of childhood family disruptions on adult well-being. Comparisons are made between adults who experienced parental divorce, adults who experienced parental death, and adults who were raised in intact families (N = 4,341). The present study differs from previous research by making direct comparisons between different family disruption groups, assessing the effects of family disruptions that occur before age 19, and including multiple measures of adult well-being as dependent variables. Consistent with hypotheses and inferences made from comparisons with adults from intact families, adults who experienced parental divorce report lower levels of parent-child relationship quality, higher levels of self-confidence, and lower levels of depression than adults who experienced parental death during childhood. Therefore, studies that fail to take type of childhood family disruption into account will lead to inaccurate and misleading conclusions about the effects of these experiences on adult outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Life-cycle models of saving and the effect of the timing of divorce on retirement economic well-being.

The long-term effect of the current high rate of divorce upon the future economic status of individuals has not been thoroughly analyzed. This study reviews the retirement, precautionary, and bequest motives for saving, then evaluates how marriage dissolution may (a) decrease the family's savings rate, (b) cause shifts in the family's portfolio to assets with lower rates of return, and (c) destroy or deplete existing family assets. Whether divorce interrupts the savings process or destroys assets, it is unlikely that most individuals will be able to save enough in later life to overcome the loss. The long-term effect may well be that, in future years, we will recognize a new category of elderly poor, those who have experienced the dissolution of their marriage.

Divorce↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coping efficacy and psychological problems of children of divorce.

Three models of the relations of coping efficacy, coping, and psychological problems of children of divorce were investigated. A structural equation model using cross-sectional data of 356 nine- to twelve-year-old children of divorce yielded results that supported coping efficacy as a mediator of the relations between both active coping and avoiding coping and psychological problems. In a prospective longitudinal model with a subsample of 162 of these children, support was found for Time 2 coping efficacy as a mediator of the relations between Time 1 active coping and Time 2 internalizing of problems. Individual growth curve models over four waves also found support for coping efficacy as a mediator of the relations between active coping and psychological problems. No support was found for alternative models of coping as a mediator of the relations between efficacy and symptoms or for coping efficacy as a moderator of the relations between coping and symptoms.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1993

Suicide, alcohol, and divorce; aspects of gender and family integration.

Both over time and between countries within our cultural domain there seems to be a persistent male predominance in the suicide rate. Based on Durkheim's theory of social integration as a key issue in egoistic suicide, the present study aimed at analyzing two empirically operational aspects of social disintegrative factors on the male and female suicide rates in Norway; namely alcohol consumption and divorce. Times series analyses on differenced data from 1911 to 1990 showed that both alcohol consumption and divorce were independently and statistically significantly associated with the male suicide rate, but not with the female suicide rate. The results are discussed on basis of gender roles and social integration.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1990

A mediational model of the impact of marital conflict on adolescent adjustment in intact and divorced families: the role of disrupted parenting.

The present study was concerned with the development and testing of a structural equation model wherein the relation of interparental conflict to the adjustment problems of young adolescents is mediated through its impact on 3 aspects of parenting behavior: lax control, psychological control, and parental rejection/withdrawal. The model was tested separately on a sample of 46 young adolescents from intact families and a group of 51 adolescents from recently divorced families. The hypothesis that most of the relation between martial conflict and adolescent adjustment problems could be explained through perturbations in the parent-child relationship received considerable support; the only direct effect of conflict was on externalizing problems in the intact sample. The results also suggested that the mediational patterns were somewhat different for the 2 samples, and that the model accounts for a greater proportion of the variance in the adjustment problems of adolescents from intact homes than of those from recently divorced families.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Structural family therapy for children of divorce: case reports.

Structural family therapy techniques for treating families with a parental divorce in which a child is symptomatic are described. The family configurations considered are: mother, child, and maternal grandparents; overprotective mother and child; helpless and mildly neglectful mother; father; new family formation; and couples who divorce and marry new spouses.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1983

Dealing with the abdication dynamic in the post divorce family: a context for adolescent crisis.

Separation and divorce can exacerbate or precipitate abdication of parental functions. This is often associated with disengagement and acting-out by the adolescent offspring. This paper describes a therapy oriented to the management of four specific processes: (a) the restoration of parental nurturing functions, which tend to collapse under the personal and interpersonal tensions of divorce, with the result that the adolescent is without sustenance or seeks it elsewhere; (b) the recovery of parental guiding and controlling functions; (c) the correction of distortions that accompany the separation process and restoration of a relatively more accurate view of family reality; and (d) the repair of parental unity. Excerpts from a case study are used to illustrate the orchestration of this therapy.

Acting Out↗
PubMed1999

Rebound from marital conflict and divorce prediction.

Marital interaction has primarily been examined in the context of conflict resolution. This study investigated the predictive ability of couples to rebound from marital conflict in a subsequent positive conversation. Results showed that there was a great deal of consistency in affect across both conversations. Also examined was the ability of affective interaction to predict divorce over a 4-year period, separately in each of the two conversations. It was possible to predict divorce using affective variables from each conversation, with 82.6% accuracy from the conflict conversation and with 92.7% accuracy from the positive rebound conversation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Personal goals of recently divorced women.

This paper is a report of the synthesis of feminism and science in a study of the personal goals of recently divorced women with children. The divorce records of three counties were used to identify the participants; eight categories described the primary goals identified by 250 women. Independence, followed by employment and education were the most frequently cited categories. Analysis of variance was computed to analyze the relationships among the primary goal categories, the personal characteristics of the women and their feminist attitudes. Age was the only variable related to selection of a primary goal. Older women chose employment and environmental goals more often than they did mental health goals.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1976

The effects of parental divorce: experiences of the child in later latency.

This paper discusses the impact of divorce on 31 children in later latency, as observed shortly after the initial parental separation and one year later. The material is part of an on-going clinical study, begun in 1970, of 131 children and adolescents from 60 divorcing families in Northern California.

Achievement↗
PubMed1976

The effects of parental divorce: experiences of the child in early latency.

This paper discusses the impact of divorce on 26 children in early latency, as observed shortly after the initial parental separation and one year later. The material is part of a larger clinical study, begun in 1970, of 131 children and adolescents from 60 divorcing families.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Brief interventions with children in divorcing families.

This paper describes preventive clinical interventions developed for children of various ages in divorcing families. Formulations regarding assessment, limitations, and strategies in these brief interventions were developed in the course of a five-year clinical research project studying the impact of divorce on children.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Children of divorce in an outpatient psychiatric population.

In a review of the records of some 400 children referred for outpatient psychiatric evaluation, children of divorce appeared at nearly twice the rate of their occurrence in the general population. Age and sex of the child patient were found to relate substantially to parental status, and to be significantly associated with type of presenting symptom. It is suggested that earlier research into the relationship between symptomology and history of divorce may have been marred by failure to take into account age and sex factors.

Adolescent↗