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DISASTER PLANNING.

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Journal Article↗

Medical planning for disaster. Brief resume of accomplishments in California 1950-1959.

Extensive accumulation and dispersal of medical supplies and equipment has been carried out in this state since 1950. Although such medical supplies and equipment are inadequate for an all out war type disaster their addition to the medical disaster preparedness program represents a great contribution and efforts must be made to continually supplement them.All hospitals must have a disaster plan which is well understood and which must be tested by actual test exercises at least once each year. Preparations for major disasters of all types are costly and time-consuming but represent one of the best possible investments which we can make as insurance against the loss of thousands of casualties. It is the responsibility of each physician to prepare himself and his family in anticipation of being exposed to natural or man-made disasters.

California↗

Special report. Dealing with disasters: what hospitals learned from recent crises.

In times of crisis, hospitals are relied on to provide simultaneous emergency treatment to a large number of victims of natural disasters, accidents, or other traumatic events. Sometimes the hospital itself faces a crisis situation. Hospital officials recognize that the only way to continue providing patients with the best care possible in dire circumstances is through the activation of an effective disaster plan. "Disaster planning is something that cannot be planned enough," says Louis Gasbarro, president of the International Association for Healthcare Security and Safety (IAHSS) and security and safety director at Tampa General Hospital, Tampa, FL. "There's no such thing as over-planning or over-drilling. You must have a written plan known by all people, all departments, all personnel in the building. Everyone has to know their role." This special report will look at several events that brought an influx of patients to hospitals around the country, the disaster plans that were implemented, and what hospital officials learned from those experiences.

Accidents↗

Planning for biological disasters. Occupational health nurses as "first responders".

1. As a result of recent terrorist events, there is an immediate need for occupational nurses to review their disaster plans and to develop strategies to cope with bioterrorism in their workplaces. 2. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has identified three major categories of biological weapons. Category A, which is the highest priority category (and the focus of this article), includes smallpox, anthrax, botulism, plague, tularemia, filoviruses, and adenoviruses. Dealing with bioterrorism requires occupational health nurses to be familiar with these organisms, including their pathophysiology and methods of prevention, detection, and treatment. 3. Five principles can be used to guide responses to a biological attack. Incorporation of these principles into disaster planning will increase the effectiveness of responses to bioterrorism, if and when it occurs. Developing a plan of action before an event occurs will greatly enhance the likelihood that the repercussions of such an event are minimized.

Anthrax↗

Planning for disaster recovery.

Planning for restoring information systems in the event of a disaster is rapidly changing and growing in importance. As health care organizations become more reliant on information technology, they're taking extra steps to safeguard their investments and to ensure reliable access to data.

Academic Medical Centers↗

[Disasters. Assistance plans].

A disaster is defined as a unseasonable event that provoke such an amount of victims that the health care capacity of the community is exceeded. The aim of this paper is to review the health attention during an emergency period, whose pre-hospital and hospital services are inherent to critical care medicine. The reduction in victim's morbidity and mortality depends on the opportuneness and efficacy of pre-hospital care. Trained personnel is required to establish command posts, perform the rescue, categorize seriousness of victims to receive priority health care and transport to better equipped health centers. At the hospitals an emergency team must elaborate, publish and periodically review emergency care plans and eventually coordinate actions with other community organizations. The diverse phases of the plan must be specified, including preparatives, alerting of involved services, victim care, and reestablishment of normal duties when the emergency situation ceases. As complement, the hospital must have security and evacuation plans to face own emergency situations such as fires, explosions and inundations.

Disaster Planning↗

Outbreaks can be disasters: a guide to developing your plan.

Disaster can strike at any time. Most hospitals have a contingency plan for attack from without, but it can also happen from within as one small rural hospital discovered. The authors share practical tips for prevention, detection crisis management, and post-crisis follow-up based on principles of disaster planning. Experience is a great teacher and we can benefit from the authors' helpful tips for creating a more complete plan.

Canada↗

A strategic plan for disaster medicine in Australasia.

Disaster epidemiology reveals epidemic increases in incidence of disasters. Rare disasters with catastrophic consequences also threaten modern populations. This paper profiles natural disasters, transportation incidents, emerging infectious diseases, complex disasters and terrorism for their historical and future potential impact on Australasia. Emergency physicians are in a position to assume leadership roles within the disaster management community in Australasia. The Australasian College for Emergency Medicine is in a position to lead medical specialty advances in disaster medicine in Australasia. To optimize its impact in disaster medicine, the specialty and its College have opportunities for advances in key areas of College administration, intra and interinstitutional representation, disaster preparedness and planning, disaster relief operations, education and training programs, applied clinical research, and faculty development.

Australia↗

Planning for a pediatric disaster -- experience gained from caring for 1600 Vietnamese orphans.

The sudden arrival of 1600 Vietnamese orphans in San Francisco required the rapid development of a co-ordinated disaster plan, including the overnight establishment of a 1000-bed pediatric field hospital. The plan required rapid identification and involvement of lay and governmental resources, acute medical triage and provision of ongoing medical care and basic nurturing services and eventual discharge to adoptive families. Because one third of the orphans were under six months of age, conventional nursery resources were insufficient, and a "warehouse" model was implemented. This process required development of a specialized transportation and communication system, the services of 800 physicians, 1400 nurses, and 3200 volunteers and 162 back-up acute hospital beds. Disaster planning in most sizable American cities has focused on the problems of adults. Because of the unusual problem presented by infants and small children, we recommend that cities carefully evaluate their disaster planning with special reference to the needs of children.

Adoption↗