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PubMedDate not supplied

Developing practice plans in a public hospital.

As funding sources outside of tight state and local budgets are being explored by public institutions, there is increasing interest in practice plan arrangements at public hospitals. The efforts of the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) in developing and implementing practice plan policies and programs in a diverse system of healthcare centers are documented here. These efforts were initiated in conjunction with a review of HHC's contracts with major medical schools, and their success has proven to be largely due to the plan's built-in flexibility and strong administrative and medical leadership.

Group Practice↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Developing a plan to evaluate the use of nursing conceptual frameworks.

Five hospitals in the Metropolitan Toronto area have introduced a nursing conceptual framework as the basis of practice in their agencies. A research team representing the hospitals and the University of Toronto has developed a comprehensive plan to evaluate the impact of using a nursing framework on nursing practice. This paper describes the selection of variables to be studied and the ways selected to measure them. A series of papers will follow describing the establishment of psychometric properties of the instruments and the results of the pre-test phase. Although this paper describes a process that began some time in the past, the authors have kept current the literature on the subject and the most current references are included in this paper.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Developing a plan for primary health care facilities in Soweto, South Africa. Part I: Guiding principles and methods.

The new political era in South Africa offers unique opportunities for the development of more equitable health care policies. However, resource constraints are likely to remain in the foreseeable future, and efficiency therefore remains an important concern. This article describes the guiding principles and methods used to develop a coherent and objective plan for comprehensive primary health care facilities in Soweto. The article begins with an overview of the context within which the research was undertaken. Problems associated with planning in transition are highlighted, and a participatory research approach is recommended as a solution to these problems. The article goes on to describe how the research methods were developed and applied in line with the principles of participatory research. The methods were essentially rapid appraisal techniques which included group discussions, detailed checklists, observation, record reviews and the adaptation of international and local guidelines for service planning. It is suggested that these methods could be applied to other urban areas in South Africa and elsewhere, and that they are particularly appropriate in periods of transition when careful facilitation of dialogue between stakeholders is required in tandem with the generation of rapid results for policy-makers.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed2004

Developing a plan for measuring outcomes in model systems of care for American Indian and Alaska Native children and youth.

The Circles of Care initiative emphasized the importance of developing an outcomes measurement plan that was consonant with the model system of care as well as community values and priorities. This analysis suggests that the Circles of Care grantees achieved this key programmatic objective, but that a major constraint was the tendency of funders, including the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (the funder of Circles of Care), to mandate their own outcomes measurement plans. Funders are encouraged to balance their needs for commonality of measures across programs for their own evaluation purposes with the needs of service providers to utilize measures that meet their unique programmatic and community contexts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Analysis of health education sections of health systems plans.

Health Systems Agencies are required by federal guidelines to plan for and provide educational opportunities for residents of their health service areas. A study was conducted of 9 health education components of health systems plans developed by HSAs in Region III. The health education plans were analyzed and scored using the "Health Education Plan Scorecard" developed by Sullivan and adapted by the present authors. Specifically this modified scorecard consists of eight dimensions of the health education planning process: Involvement, Principles and Practice of Health Education, Defining Problems, Setting Goals and Objectives, Recommending Actions, Obtaining Resources, Planning for Implementation, and Planning for Evaluation. Ratings were generally higher on the first five dimensions of the scorecard. The last three dimensions produced lower scores. The overall average score was 41 points out of a possible 100. Thus indicating the general overall low scores received by the plans. The paper includes 18 recommendations to HSAs for improving the quality of health education plans. A key recommendation is that the Health Education Plan Scorecard should be used as a guide and check list during the plan development process.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed2007

Clinical development of antiepileptic drugs for children.

A clinical development plan specific to children is a necessary component of every development plan for a new antiepileptic drug (AED). In the last decade, considerable discussion has occurred in the medical and regulatory communities, resulting in specific pediatric drug development legislation. Ethical issues are a foremost consideration in the design and conduct of studies. The timing of clinical studies differs between adults and children. In general, studies in children will not be performed until efficacy and safety has been demonstrated in adults. Exceptions include development of AEDs for seizure types seen only in children. Formulation preparation and dosing selection are often more challenging in children. Clinical trials including pharmacokinetic studies will be conducted in patients. A relatively small number of children, given subdivision into age groups and seizure types, are available for study. Clinical trials must be designed with children in mind, adjusting the length of the trials and the choice of controls. Efficacy extrapolation from adults may be considered for partial seizures in children, but not in infants. Seizure counts remain an appropriate efficacy endpoint; however, ascertainment in infants and younger children may require EEG monitoring. Safety specific to growing and developing children must be evaluated and long-term effects monitored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Providers develop health plan to manage Medicaid patients without woes of HMOs.

Managing Medicaid lives without HMOs. Providers in Pitt County, NC, have developed their own kind of managed care plan that brings together traditional Medicaid providers with private physicians seeking to improve care quality and patient access. Providers in the plan hope it can keep commercial HMOs out of the local Medicaid business.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Population needs identified for assistance in some ECA member states.

The U.N. Fund for Population Activities (UNPFA) has conducted Needs Assessment Missions in many developing countries as a means of identifying population and related areas in which individual countries would need assistance to achieve self-reliance in formulating and implementing population policies and programs. This exercise is still going on in some of the countries. In ECA member States these needs missions have been conducted in the following countries: Burundi, Cameroon, Comoros, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The areas identified for assistance vary from country to country, however, in some cases the needs are similar. Data collection and analysis is still 1 of population needs for which many countries require assistance. This includes conducting of national population censuses and demographic surveys and establishing or improving the civil registration systems on vital events. Training of nationals in data collection and analysis is another area in which ECA member States need assistance. It was identified that there is lack of integration of population variables in socioeconomic development planning. The various missions recommended assistance to help ECA member States to integrate population variables in development planning. Creation of Population units in ministries of planning and/or other departments was recommended as a means to help this integration. The various missions also identified the need to create or to enhance the awareness of the interrelationship between population and sociodevelopment and their implications. To this end the missions on needs assessment recommended assistance in population information and communication activities, including the introduction of population education in formal and nonformal education, conducting of seminars and workshops on population and development etc. To help formulation of population policies, the establishment of National Population Commissions at the highest level was recommended. Such commissions would examine population issues in detail and formulate suggestions for policy decisions and measures. Other common population related areas which require greater assistance include health programs of maternal and child health care, health education activities, and family planning activities. Last but not least is the need to improve the role and status of women in Africa so that they can be integrated to take a more active part in the various economic and social activities in national development.

Burundi↗
PubMed1999

Adequacy of discharge plans and rehospitalization among hospitalized dementia patients.

Because of the rapid growth of the elderly population and the decreasing number of days that patients are able to remain in the hospital, the task of discharge planning has become increasingly critical and challenging. This article reports on a study undertaken to examine the adequacy of discharge plans developed for dementia patients and to investigate factors related to inadequate plan development and patient readmission. Study results suggest that a sizeable proportion of dementia patients are discharged without adequate aftercare plans and are at risk of rehospitalization. The findings of this study point to significant family and resource-related factors that compromise discharge plan adequacy for dementia patients. Implications for practice, education, and policy are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Developing an evaluation plan for school health programs in Nebraska.

This article describes a unique plan for comprehensive evaluation of school health programs. With property tax caps threatening Nebraska's school health programs, the Nebraska Dept. of Health and Human Services initiated an evaluation plan to answer the question, "What is the value of school health?" The plan used the "Targeting Outcomes of Program" (TOP) framework to measure impact indicators of a comprehensive school health program. To customize the plan for Nebraska schools, community input was sought from stakeholders identified from a small rural school district. Following a series of focus group meetings, the final evaluation plan was developed and implemented as a statewide evaluation of comprehensive school health services. The resulting plan addressed several deficiencies previously identified in the literature by including community input, attention to multiple roles, and measurable outcomes documenting effectiveness, or value.

Community Participation↗