Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Bermuda”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1954

Inhalant allergens in Palm Springs, California.

Although Palm Springs, California, offers a pleasant desert climate that is often advantageous in treatment of respiratory allergies, physicians should be made aware in referring their patients that definite pollen factors must be taken into consideration in recommending a visit to Palm Springs, and should try to determine the compatibility of their patient's allergic sensitivity pattern and the particular seasonal incidence of pollen concentration in Palm Springs. It is believed that the most important pollens there are those of Bermuda grass, olive tree, mesquite, dicoria, false ragweed, scales, and hymenoclea salsola. A favorable climate alone does not permit a patient to disregard good allergic management.

Allergens↗
PubMed1992

The identification of an eosinophil differentiation factor in culture supernatant of mononuclear cells from asthmatics.

Although peripheral eosinophilia is a common feature of bronchial asthma, the precise mechanism of its production is still unknown. It has recently been reported that murine interleukin-5 (IL-5) can cross-react with human cells and selectively stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of eosinophils. This study identified the IL-5-like activity in culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) from asthmatic patients. Murine recombinant IL-5 (rIL-5) was used as a positive control; the number of eosinophils was determined by both Wright's stain and eosinophil peroxidase measurement. Time course and dose response studies showed that rIL-5 at 40 U/ml induced a maximal eosinophil differentiation after a three week incubation with cord blood MNCs. Unstimulated MNC supernatants obtained from asthmatics possessed a higher eosinophil differentiation activity (OD490, 0.09 +/- 0.02, n = 23) than those obtained from the normals (0.03 +/- 0.01) (P < 0.02). This activity in unstimulated MNC supernatant can be neutralized by anti-IL-5 antibodies. Neither Bermuda grass- nor phytohemagglutinin-stimulated MNC supernatant showed a statistical significance between these two groups. The IL-5-like activity was associated with a protein of MW around 30kD as determined by Superose-12 PG gel filtration. In conclusion, MNC culture supernatants derived from asthmatics contained an eosinophil differentiation activity, which might be important for regulation of eosinophil generation and thus contribute to the asthma-related eosinophilia.

Asthma↗
PubMed2004

Morphological variation of dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima (Ehrenberg) Dodge with geographical difference.

Prorocentrum lima (Ehrenberg) Dodge, one of the cosmopolitan dinoflagellates, is basically benthic and is found on the surface of macroalgae and detritus. The identification of this species requires detailed morphological observation because of its close similarity to other benthic Prorocentrum species. The purpose of this study is to detect the morphological variability of P. lima using culture clones collected from several areas to find an adequate way of subdividing the species. In this study, 33 clones of P. lima were collected from Saipan, Tahiti, Indonesia, Japan and Bermuda, and their thecal valves and periflagellar area were observed by means of light microscopy with differential interference contrast optics and scanning electron microscopy. In general cells have two centrally located pyrenoids and a posterior nucleus. The surface of both valves has many valve pores except the center. Evenly spaced marginal pores are located along the edge of the valves. P. lima samples studied herein were subdivided into four major types (ellipsoidal, general, short, and elongate ovoid) according to their shapes, length-to-width ratio and number of valve pores. The length-to-width ratios of ellipsoidal, general, short, and elongate ovoid types were 1.32, 1.33-1.43, 1.20-1.27, and 1.53-1.60 microm respectively. Also there were slight differences in the number of valve pores. The number of valve pores examined in this study ranges from 40 to 97: ellipsoidal, general, and short ovoid types range from 40 to 91, while an elongate ovoid type ranges from 80 to 97. The combination of valve shape, number of valve pores and length-to-width ratio provides useful information on the morphological variation of P. lima.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Neobenedenia pargueraensis n. sp. (Monogenea: Capsalidae) from the red hind, Epinephelus guttatus, and comments about Neobenedenia melleni.

Neobenedenia pargueraensis n. sp. from Epinephelus guttatus of Puerto Rico differs from all known species in possessing scoop-shaped accessory sclerites with pointed tips. It is most similar to Neobenedenia melleni and Neobenedenia longiprostata but differs from the former in having a fenestrate ovary and from the latter in that the ducts of the accessory glands are short, terminating just anterior to the vitelline reservoir rather than reaching the caudal end of the body. It differs from both species in having smooth rather than lobate testes. Neobenedenia melleni occurs throughout the tropical and subtropical western North Atlantic including Bermuda. It kills aquarium and aquaculture fishes with massive infestations and is a severe restraint on the culture of tilapia in sea water in the Caribbean.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The identification of PAF-release-enhancing activity in culture supernatant of mononuclear cells from asthmatics. Correlation between lymphocyte responses and immediate type hypersensitivity.

Cytokines from asthmatic mononuclear cells (MNC) cultured with Bermuda Grass pollen extract (BG), were tested for their effect on leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) generation by neutrophil under calcium ionophore stimulation. Three groups were enrolled in this study: 9 allergic asthmatics showing skin intradermal test positive to BG, 12 non-allergic asthmatics and 5 normal individuals. Results showed that the stimulation index of BG on MNC and the mediator-release enhancing activity from both allergic and non-allergic asthmatics were similar; neither showed significant increase when compared to that of normal individuals. However, there was a significant increase in PAF-release-enhancing activity in unstimulated MNC supernatant from both allergic and non-allergic asthmatics (618 +/- 75 pg/10(6) neutrophils and 569 +/- 60 pg/10(6) neutrophils) when compared to that of normal individuals (460 +/- 40 pg/10(6) neutrophils). This PAF-release-enhancing activity did not correlate with either skin test reactivity or the amount of BG specific IgE antibodies. The PAF-release-enhancing activity in unstimulated MNC supernatants from asthmatics suggesting that there is a pre-activation of MNC which might contribute to the asthmatic reaction through generation of PAF by neutrophils.

Asthma↗
PubMed1991

Clinical significance of aero-allergen identification in the western Cape.

Positive identification and documentation of the seasonal variation of aero-allergens and the immune responses to them has important implications for the timing of allergen avoidance measures and the selection of patients suitable for immunotherapy. The relative abundance of aero-allergens in the Cape Peninsula during 1984-1987 was measured by continuous volumetric air sampling, using a Burkard spore trap. Mould spore counts of greater than 3,000 spores/m3 were found throughout the year and were only exceeded by pollen grains in the months of September and October (range 4,800-7,400 spores/m3). Gramineae and Compositae spores were found perennially in significant numbers. Pollen from allergenic trees peaked at fixed times each year: oak in August; plane in September and pine between August and October. Grasses found on the Peninsula include sweet vernal, Bermuda grass, rye grass, common reed, Johnson grass, brome grass, canary grass, annual meadow and kikuyu. In vivo skin tests in 209 children with known allergic disease were positive to Dermatophygoides pteronyssimus (73%), South African grasses (38%), tree pollens (22.4%), flower and weed pollens (19.6%), cat (27%), dog (12%) and feathers (18.6%). One-third of the 1,372 children screened at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital Allergy Service had positive specific IgE responses to environmental allergens. Investigation of 62 children possibly allergic to grass using the radio-allergosorbent test revealed positive results in 25 (41%). Of these, 92% were positive to Timothy grass, a grass not occurring in the Cape Peninsula. Knowledge of cross-reactivity profiles for local allergens minimises the number of tests required in allergy diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Renal clearance and fractional excretion of electrolytes over four 6-hour periods in cattle.

Four consecutive 6-hour urine sample collections were performed on 7 healthy adult Holstein cows fed a diet of coastal Bermuda hay with ad libitum water consumption. Urine (via indwelling urinary catheter) and venous blood samples were collected at 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours. Total 24-hour urine production for the 7 cows ranged from 4,515 to 7,130 ml/d (mean +/- SD, 5,633 +/- 946 ml/d) or 0.02 to 0.04 ml/kg of body weight/d (mean +/- SD, 0.03 +/- 0.007 ml/kg/d). Renal clearance (C) of creatinine (Cr), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) varied significantly (P less than 0.05) among individuals, but did not vary significantly among the four 6-hour collection periods. Clearance of chloride (Cl) and phosphorous (P) did not vary significantly either among individuals or among the four 6-hour periods. Clearance of potassium (K) varied significantly (P less than 0.05) among individuals and among the four-6-hour periods. Creatinine clearance was significantly (P less than 0.01) correlated with C(Cl), C(Ca), C(P), and C(Mg) when all data were considered. Significant (P less than 0.05) correlations were also found between C(Cl) and C(K), C(Ca), C(P), and C(Mg); between C(Ca) and C(P) and C(Mg); and between C(P) and C(Mg). Fractional excretion (FE) of Na, K, Cl, Ca, P, and Mg did not vary significantly among the four 6-hour periods. Fractional excretion of Na, Ca, and Mg (P less than 0.01) and K and P (P less than 0.05) varied significantly within individuals among the 6-hour periods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of ammoniation of endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay on serum prolactin concentration and rectal temperature in beef cattle.

A group of 48 crossbred steers (approx 250 kg each) were used to determine the effects of various diets and treatments on serum prolactin concentrations and rectal temperatures. The steers were randomly assigned to groups fed the following: (1) endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay; (2) ammoniated endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay; (3) endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay plus 1 g of thiabendazole (TBZ)/9.1 kg of body weight at 7-day intervals; (4) ammoniated endophyte fungus-infested fescue hay plus 1 g of TBZ/9.1 kg at 7-day intervals; (5) ground Bermuda grass hay; and (6) endophyte-fungus-free fescue hay. Blood samples for prolactin determinations and rectal temperatures were obtained biweekly beginning on week 3 and continuing through week 9. A significant correlation (P less than 0.05) between low prolactin concentrations and high rectal temperatures in cattle eating endophyte-infested fescue hay was determined; however, as the prolactin concentrations approached normal (control animal) concentrations, this relationship between serum prolactin and rectal temperatures was not observed. Two antifungal agents used in this experiment (thiabendazole and ammonia) appeared to have different effects on the variables measured. Thiabendazole had no significant effect on prolactin concentrations or rectal temperatures of cattle ingesting endophyte-infested fescue hay, whereas ammoniation of this hay induced significantly higher (P less than 0.05) prolactin concentrations and lower rectal temperatures than in steers receiving only endophyte-infested fescue hay. Therefore, ammonia may be valuable not only as an aid in determining the cause of the fescue problem but also as a practical solution to some of the fescue-related economic problems in the cattle industry. Also, prolactin concentrations may be valuable in diagnosing fescue-related problems.

Acremonium↗
PubMed1990

Toxicity tests of soil contaminated by recycling of scrap plastics.

The present investigation studied the toxicity of soil contaminated by untreated discharge from a factory that recycles used plastics. The nearby agricultural areas and freshwater fish ponds were polluted with high concentrations of Cu, Ni, and Mn. Water extracts from the contaminated soil retarded root growth of Brassica chinensis (Chinese white cabbage) and Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) where their seeds were obtained commercially. The contaminated populations of C. dactylon, Panicum repen (panic grass), and Imperata cylindrica (wooly grass) were able to withstand higher concentrations of Cu, Ni, and Mn, especially C. dactylon, when compared with their uncontaminated counterparts.

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMed1990

Attractiveness of selected oviposition substrates for gravid Culex tarsalis and Culex quinquefasciatus in California.

Eight potential oviposition attractants were evaluated for gravid Culex tarsalis and Cx. quinquefasciatus under insectary, outdoor cage and field conditions. With the possible exception of a steer manure infusion under insectary conditions, none of the media consistently attracted large numbers of gravid Cx. tarsalis females. Reiter medium, steer manure infusion, cattle feces and Bermuda sod were attractive to gravid Cx. quinquefasciatus. Catch size at CDC gravid traps and oviposition traps were sensitive to the number of competitive oviposition sites and trap placement.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibodies specific for human IgE and their clinical applications.

By applying the hybridoma technique, two mouse anti-human Immunoglobulin E (IgE) monoclonal antibodies, designated as E17-58 and E20-62, were generated and characterized. E17-58 was a murine IgG2b with an affinity constant of 4 x 10(8)l/mole. E20-62 was a murine IgG1 with an affinity constant of 1 x 10(8) l/mole. These two antibodies recognized different antigenic determinants specific to the IgE molecule. They were used in combination to quantify the total serum IgE level of forty-nine persons. Data obtained correlated highly with that obtained by using the Pharmacia PRIST Kit (r = 0.91). E17-58 was also used to detect the anti-Aspergillus specific IgE of twenty-one atopic patients by a radioimmunosorbent test. The positive rate detected correlated very well with the skin test (p less than 0.05). In addition, in the Western blot system, these monoclonal antibodies were capable of identifying IgE binding components of crude allergen extracts. Extracts from pollens of Bermuda grass were evaluated, and a new major allergenic component with a molecular weight of 40 kd was identified.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Retroviruses in the Caribbean.

Transmission of HIV in many Caribbean countries has followed the pattern of initial predominance among homosexual and bisexual males, with the infection subsequently spreading into the heterosexual community. However, on Saint Lucia the epidemic began among heterosexual contacts of Saint Lucian laborers from Florida; in Bermuda 58% of AIDS cases have been in intravenous drug abusers; and in the Bahamas 59% of the AIDS patients have been heterosexuals and 19% children infected via the perinatal route. Seroprevalence of the human T-lymphotropic virus, type 1 (HTLV-I), whose modes of transmission resemble those of HIV, has been found to range from 2.3% in Trinidad and Tobago to 5.4% in Jamaica. In a study of HIV and HTLV-1 infection patterns in homosexual males in Trinidad and Tobago, the cohort was too small for confirmation that coinfection with these two viruses hastened progression in AIDS, but further investigation is warranted.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Association of blood cholesterol with occurrence of fat necrosis in cows and tall fescue summer toxicosis in steers.

Factors associated with fat necrosis in cows and tall-fescue summer toxicosis in steers were studied. In the cow study, fescue pastures were fertilized, using 3 rates of N: high N (703 to 483 kg and 0 kg of N/ha/year from broiler litter in 1972 to 1974 and 1975, respectively), moderate N, and low N (224 and 74 kg of N/ha/yr from NH4NO3, 1972 to 1975, respectively). Bermuda grass pastures were fertilized at 2 rates of N: moderate N and low N (280 and 20 kg of N/ha/year from NH4NO3, 1972 to 1975, respectively). Fat necrosis developed only in cows grazing tall fescue, with an occurrence of 60%, 8%, and 3% for high-N, moderate-N, and low-N pastures, respectively. Cows grazing the high-N fescue, and to some extent those grazing the moderate-N fescue, had clinical signs of summer fescue toxicosis. Plasma cholesterol concentrations were lowest in cattle grazing the high-N fescue, averaging 114 mg/dl, followed by 134 and 127 mg/dl in cattle grazing the moderate-N and low-N fescue, respectively. In the steer grazing study, 24 paddocks of 0.49 ha each were seeded with tall-fescue lines G1-307 or G1-306 or with tall-fescue cultivars, KY-31 or Kenhy. All paddocks were fertilized with 170 kg of N/ha/year. Serum cholesterol concentrations were lower in steers grazing on G1-307 than in steers grazing on G1-306 or cultivars. Serum total lipids followed a similar trend, with a positive correlation (r = 0.49) between cholesterol and total lipids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

Eukaryotic DNA diverges at a long and complex pyrimidine.purine tract that can adopt altered conformations.

A domain exhibiting major sequence divergences among three cloned repeat units of a complex satellite DNA of the Bermuda land crab contains a repetitive polypyrimidine.polypurine segment consisting of a long C.G tract embedded between runs of CCT.AGG and CGCAC.GTGCG and their variations. The domain adopts at least two types of altered conformations that are markedly affected by pH and negative superhelical density; only one is sensitive to ionic strength. Supercoil-dependent distortions in helical structure are most pronounced at points of interruption in compositional bias in this domain and a similar although less extensive, divergent domain nearby. Since the domain is the site of major sequence divergences among individual satellite repeat units, the altered conformations may be involved in site-specific recombination between repeat units, either those arranged in tandem or those scattered throughout the genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of Cassia obtusifolia (sicklepod) seed consumption in Holstein calves.

Fifteen Holstein bull calves weighing 135-160 kg (300-350 lb) were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 5 animals each. Each calf was individually fed free choice Bermuda grass hay and 3.63 kg (8 lb) of a commercial 14% crude protein ration/day. Group 1 (control) received no Cassia obtusifolia seed, group 2 (low exposure) received 0.45 kg (1 lb) of C obtusifolia seed (12.5% of ration and approximately 0.27% of body weight) and group 3 (high exposure) received 1.81 kg (4 lb) C obtusifolia seed (50% of ration and approximately 1.19% of body weight) from day 0-9, and then received 1.36 kg (3 lb) (37.5% of ration and 0.89% of body weight) from day 10-24. The effects of low and high C obtusifolia seed contamination were intermittent feed refusal, diarrhea, and decreased weight gain. Average daily weight gains (ADG) for the control, low exposure and high exposure groups, were 0.76, 0.53, 0.31 kg/day, respectively. The ADG of the control calves was significantly greater than the ADG of the high exposure calves (p less than 0.0001) and the low exposure calves (p less than 0.0059). The ADG of the low exposure calves was significantly greater than the ADG of the high exposure calves (p less than 0.0209). No change was observed in serum aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase activity, and histologic examination showed no evidence of muscle necrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of morantel sustained-release bolus in control of gastrointestinal nematodes of weaned calves during the autumn-winter grazing season.

A 168-day study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of morantel tartrate sustained-release bolus (MSRB) in controlling gastrointestinal parasitism in weaned calves during autumn-winter grazing in the temperature climate of southern United States. Sixty-two weanling Angus heifers were used to assess treatment differences. Six sentinel heifers were necropsied to assess pretrial gastrointestinal worm counts. The remaining 56 heifers were assigned to 4 groups of 14 heifers each and were placed on four 4.86-hectare dormant Bermuda grass pastures (1 group/pasture) that had been no-till interseeded with cereal rye in early October. Heifers in 2 groups were given 1 MSRB in early November; the other 2 groups served as nonmedicated controls. Three heifers (principals) from each of the 4 groups were necropsied on posttreatment days 57, 112, and 168 (end of study) for total worm recovery. Eight 5-month-old tracer steers, raised worm-free from birth, grazed the 4 pastures (2/pastures) for the first 21 days of the study and then were kept in drylot for 21 days before being necropsied. Level of larval contamination of pastures grazed by control and MSRB-treated heifers were comparable, because the mean number of nematodes recovered from tracer steers grazing the control and MSRB pastures were 47,449 and 53,835, respectively. At 28 days after treatment, MSRB-treated heifers had lower (P less than 0.05) mean egg counts/g of feces than did control heifers (280 vs 13).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

RAST-specific IgE in Nigerian asthmatic patients.

This first study of the pattern of allergen-specific IgE in Nigerian asthmatic patients in Zaria shows a significant percentage with specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronnyssinus, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass). Total serum IgE varied in both urban and rural asthmatics with a pattern of low and high levels in all groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Perennial rhinitis in Saudi Arabia. A prospective study.

One hundred consecutive patients with perennial rhinitis were examined clinically and by means of a test battery of laboratory investigations in order to clarify the pathogenesis of the disease, and the clinical value of various tests in the assessment of the patients. In 54% of the cases allergy was proven. The most common allergen was Bermuda grass which is found widely distributed in the Eastern Province. In 46% of the cases, allergy could not be demonstrated. Twelve percent had eosinophilic rhinitis. In this study, investigations of blood eosinophils and IgE were found to be of value in the assessment of patients with perennial rhinitis. The possible connection between pollen allergy and perennial rhinitis in Saudi Arabia is discussed.

Adolescent↗