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PubMedDate not supplied

[Fatalities in alcoholic intoxication in the aged].

In 1989, the blood-alcohol-concentration of 1545 elderly persons with an age of at least 60 years, who died suddenly or not of natural causes, was determined at the Institute for Legal Medicine in Hamburg. 238 autopsies were performed. In a total of 143, in 55 subjects of the autopsy series, a blood-alcohol-concentration over 0.05% was found. With growing age the number of positive blood-alcohol-analyses decreased. Twenty-two of the autopsied persons (40%) did not die of natural causes; among them were 11 accidents. Alcohol played a significant role in the fatal course of 8 cases; 15 subjects included in the autopsy series (27.3%) had been alcoholics. Preexisting cardiovascular and respiratory disease was diagnosed in most cases of natural death. The causal connection of alcohol, disease, and cause of death in the elderly is discussed.

Accidents↗
PubMed1995

The relationship between alcohol intoxication, injury severity and Glasgow Coma Score in assault patients.

To assess the effect of alcohol intoxication on injury severity and head injury assessment, blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) were related to the severity of injuries (Injury Severity Score and Assault Trauma Score) and Glasgow Coma Scores (GCS) in 242 consecutive victims of weekend, night-time assault, none of whom had head injuries. No correlation was found between degree of intoxication and severity of injury. There was a highly significant correlation between BAC and GCS. However, high BACs (greater than 240 mg/100 ml) were associated with only a 2-3 point reduction in GCS. The median BAC in patients with a normal GCS was 115 mg/100 ml. Neurological assessments need to take account of the highly variable, depressive effects of alcohol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Changes in the psychological defence system as a function of alcohol intoxication in men.

Social drinking young men participated in an experiment exploring whether acute alcohol intoxication affects the characteristics of the psychological defence structure. It was found that a moderate alcohol dose (1.0 ml of 100% alcohol/kg body weight) increased the overall level of defence activity compared to a sober Control group and as measured by the Defence Mechanism Test. This increase was mainly due to a significant increase in the defence mechanism Isolation. Gender differences in this respect and the implications of this shift in the defence structure for the understanding of intoxicated behavior and motives for drinking were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamics of redistribution of blood serum lipoproteins in patients with alcoholism during alcohol intoxication and its abolition].

In the patients with alcoholism at intoxication and different periods of alcohol abolition the blood serum lipoproteins were investigated by a method of gradient gel-electrophoresis using the computer program for qualitative definition. It was found out that change of the total sum of all lipoprotein fractions was approximated to parabolic dependence with maximum in the 3rd day after alcohol abolition. Under intoxication disturbances the individual apoB-containing fractions were minimal as compared with the control, while at the initial stages of alcohol abolition their redistribution was noticed as reflecting the growth of the processes of cholesterol transportation from liver to peripheral tissues. The 14th day after alcohol abolition was characterized by tendency to normalization of these disturbances, but at the 30th day of soberness a recurrence growing the changes of apoA-containing lipoproteins transformation was observed. In the patients under intoxication period and first 3 days after alcohol abolition a significant increase of quantity of all the apoA-containing lipoprotein populations took place which was restored completely in remission. On the base of both the own results and data from literature sources we suppose that these changes are the results of direct influence of ethanol and but they are not a pathogenic indication of a chronic alcoholism.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The osmolar gap and the diagnosis of severe alcohol intoxication].

The calculated osmolar gap is a useful diagnostic tool in clinical toxicology whenever toxicologic screens are not available. In a case of severe intoxication with ethyl alcohol there was deep coma and a calculated osmolar gap of 208 mOsm, consistent with an ethanol plasma level of 958 mg/dl. The diagnosis of severe ethanol intoxication was confirmed later. Serial calculations of the osmolar gap served to assess the clinical course.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed2002

Effects of Puerariae radix on cell proliferation and nitric oxide synthase expression in dentate gyrus of alcohol-intoxicated Sprague-Dawley rats.

Traditionally, Puerariae radix had been used for the treatment of alcohol-related problems. In this study, effects of Puerariae radix on cell proliferation and nitric oxide synthase expression in the dentate gyrus of alcohol-intoxicated Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated via 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry. Alcohol administration was shown to inhibit the numbers of both BrdU-positive and NADPH-d-positive cells, while Puerariae radix treatment was shown to increase those numbers. It is possible that nitric oxide, which might play an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, is a major target of the toxic effects of alcohol.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Accidents in the workplace caused by alcohol intoxication].

Fatal accidents in the workplace can be caused by work conditions, aggravation of a chronic disease or alcohol intoxication. The purpose of this paper was to show the influence of ethyl alcohol on accidents in the workplace with regard to the occupation and age of the examined individuals. A group of victims whose deaths resulted from other external factors (suicide, poisoning by non alcoholic agents, etc.) was separated and not included. Statistical analysis of the autopsies carried out in the Forensic Medicine Department, Silesian University of Medicine, Katowice in the years 1992-2001 showed that accidents in the workplace amounted to 4-6% of the total number of deaths in the space of a year with alcohol (ethanol) being the causative factor in 3-15%.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1986

Pathological intoxication and alcohol idiosyncratic intoxication--Part II: Legal aspects.

The law does not generally allow alcohol intoxication as a defense in a criminal matter. Among the exceptions may be pathological intoxication, or PI, or its current psychiatric correlate, alcohol idiosyncratic intoxication (AII). Because of the lack of specificity in the medical concept and the varying approaches by different authors, careful analysis and adherence to current standards are necessary. Relevant laws, particularly that of the model penal code, are reviewed, as are three cases which demonstrate the issues involved. Actual testimony is presented to illustrate possible misuse or inappropriate use of the concept.

Adult↗