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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Diseases of the internal organs in patients with bone and joint tuberculosis].

By the sanatorium data, tuberculosis of bones and joints was shown to be more frequent in older persons. The treatment and rehabilitation of the patients were complicated by concomitant diseases. There was a certain relationship between the concomitant diseases and localization and severity of the tuberculosis process. Cardiovascular affections were the most frequent concomitant diseases. High therapeutic efficacy was defined by combined measures and sufficiently long-term treatment in specialized sanatoria.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Uncertainty of determining mode of death in medicolegal material without autopsy--a systematic autopsy study.

Systematic autopsy was performed in 807 medicolegal deaths where the police had not requested autopsy. In all cases both the cause of death and the mode of death had been reported at the medicolegal external examination. The autopsy revealed differences in the mode of death in about 4% of all cases. This was due in particular to the problems associated with distinguishing presumed natural deaths from accidents and suicide. The cases of "concealed" suicide were found in particular among the higher age groups. However, no characteristic relationship was found between the proportion of differing modes of death and the age groups. All cases of homicide were recognized at the medicolegal external examination. Malignant disease that had not been diagnosed previously was found in about 4% of the cases, the reason being the large proportion of elderly subjects in the material. Syphilitic aortitis that had not been previously diagnosed was demonstrated in about 1% of all cases, and pulmonary tuberculosis that had not been previously diagnosed was demonstrated in 0.7% of the cases. The conclusion is that the results provide no support for replacing the medicolegal autopsy by medicolegal external examination alone, but rather suggest that the proportion of medicolegal autopsies should be increased.

Accidents↗
PubMed1977

[Coronary embolism in the medico-legal autopsy material (author's transl)].

The author discusses the problem of diagnosis and evaluation of coronary embolism (CL). He presents four cases of his own observation, including histological examinations and a review of the pertinent literature. The following facts are necessary to make the diagnosis of CE: 1. An embolus consisting of foreign elements like tumor-cells, suture material or similar things. 2. Dilatation of the arterial lumen where the embolus is found. 3. No adherence between the embolus and the arterial wall. 4. Normal consistence of the arterial wall. 5. Knowledge of the source of the embolus. 6. Histomorphological conformity of the source of the embolus and the embolus itself. The mechanisms of flow and the interrelation between trauma and CE which are often difficult to judge in forensic medicine are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Human immunodeficiency virus and infected aneurysm of the abdominal aorta: report of three cases.

Three patients who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus underwent surgery for infected aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Fever and abdominal pain were the principal presenting clinical features. None of the patients had any opportunistic infections or endocarditis. In two cases, a ruptured aneurysm was demonstrated radiographically. In the remaining case, sonograms were diagnostic. The organisms responsible were salmonella, Hemophilus influenzae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In two cases, the infectious origin was evidenced by bacteriologic examination of the aortic wall, which revealed the presence of Salmonella enteritidis and Koch's bacillus. Although Hemophilus influenzae was not found in the aortic wall of the remaining case, the infectious origin of the aneurysm was established because preoperative blood cultures were positive for this pathogen, and pathohistologic examination of the specimen showed destruction associated with leukocyte infiltration of the aneurysmal wall. An in situ prosthetic graft replacement protected by omentum was performed in all three cases. Antibiotic therapy was continued for several weeks. All patients are well with follow-up ranging from 10 to 21 months. Infectious aneurysm associated with human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity results in bacterial infestation of an atheromatous aorta. Infected phenomena are promoted by cellular immunodeficiency. Surgery was justified in these cases because of the immediate threat of rupture.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1978

Pericardial calcification in childhood.

Calcific constrictive pericarditis (CCP) in a three-year-old child with symptoms of cardiac compression was confirmed by cardiac catheterization and angiography. Histologic examination of the pericardial tissue removed at operation revealed a tuberculous etiology. Though unusual in the pediatric age group, constrictive pericarditis (CP) may occur in children, most often as a complication of tuberculosis. Pericardial calcification may also develop in children with CP, though this too is rare. The diagnosis of CCP can be established by cardiac catheterization and angiography. Pericardiectomy is the definitive treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Surgical treatment of a tuberculous thoracoabdominal aneurysm.

We report a case of tuberculous thoracoabdominal aneurysm successfully treated by surgery. Computerized tomography was diagnostic for location and etiology. The therapeutic plan included antituberculosis drug therapy started before surgery, direct PTFE prosthetic replacement and omentoplasty. A survey of other reports dealing with tuberculous abdominal or thoracic aorta involvement shows that their frequency, as that of tuberculosis in general, is diminishing.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1997

[Isolated tuberculosis of the heart: a clinical and echocardiography follow-up].

A case of isolated right ventricular myocardial tuberculoma with pericardial effusion is presented. The diagnosis of myocardial tuberculoma was initially suggested by echocardiography and later by magnetic resonance imaging. The diagnosis of cardiac tuberculosis was confirmed by demonstration of tubercle bacilli in the pericardial fluid. This is a very rare condition which is usually diagnosed only by necropsy. Myocardial tuberculoma should figure on the list of intraparietal masses visualized at echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Tuberculous infection of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta: case report and literature review.

We report here a case of infrarenal aortic disruption and aortoduodenal fistula secondary to tuberculous aortitis in a 77-year-old man. From a review of experience with operative management of tuberculous infection of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta reported in the English-language literature, including the current report, we found that operative repair was attempted in 26 patients with tuberculous aortitis of the abdominal (n = 16), thoracic (n = 8), and thoracoabdominal (n = 2) aorta. Six patients had emergent operations for massive hemoptysis (n = 2), aortoduodenal fistula (n = 2), or abdominal rupture (n = 2), with an associated 30-day mortality of 50%. Elective or semi-elective repair was undertaken in 20 patients, of whom 19 (95%) survived for at least 30 days. On the basis of limited experience with this rare entity, in situ graft replacement is an appropriate treatment of tuberculous aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta.

Aged↗