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PubMed2006

Low-loss negative-index metamaterial at telecommunication wavelengths.

We fabricate and characterize a low-loss silver-based negative-index metamaterial based on the design of a recent theoretical proposal. Comparing the measured transmittance and reflectance spectra with theory reveals good agreement. We retrieve a real part of the refractive index of Re(n)= -2 around 1.5 microm wavelength. The maximum of the ratio of the real to the imaginary part of the refractive index is about three at a spectral position where Re(n)= -1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the best figure of merit reported for any negative-index photonic metamaterial to date.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1978

Telecommunication performance of persons with hearing handicap in relation to speech reception threshold.

This study is concerned with the ability of hearing-impaired persons to perceive speech via the telephone and in particular with the possible benefit gained by the use of different kinds of auxiliary equipment (receiver amplifier, extra watch receiver, hearing aid in telemagnetic or microphone position, so-called combined amplifier, and combinations of these). In 203 hard-of-hearing subjects, grouped according to the speech reception threshold (SRT) of the better ear, the efficiency of the devices under test was investigated at two different line attenuations, one representing a good telephone connection and one representing a rather poor connection. It is concluded that persons with a slight hearing impairment (SRT:0--25 dB in the better ear) are able to use the telephone without special devices. The same applies to the majority of those with moderate hearing impairment (SRT:30--45 dB). For persons having a more severe hearing loss, a telephone with a receiving amplifier, or the individual hearing aid combined with the ordinary telephone set, can largely compensate for difficulties experienced when using the telephone. To complete the experiments, the audibility of a number of telephone bells was assessed. The bell in the standard set had low audibility for all the investigated groups of persons. Some of the other sound sources offered somewhat less difficulty.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Transmitting deaf sign language over the telecommunications network.

An experimental investigation is reported into the use of moving cartoon images for two-way communication by the deaf. The images are derived by special signal-processing operations on the output of a conventional television camera, according to a new theory of perceptually important human features. Calculations show that, using facsimile-type coding and digital modems, the images are capable of transmission over the Public Switched Telephone Network; in enhanced form (with more resolution and optional voice accompaniment) they could be carried on the emerging Integrated Services Digital Network or transmitted over teletext.

Communication Devices for People with Disabilities↗
PubMed2001

Assessing elderly patients with congestive heart failure via in-home interactive telecommunication.

The efficacy of telemedicine technology was tested for equivalence of nursing assessment with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) home care patients (N = 28). The equivalence of nurses' physical assessment findings was estimated using an innovative two-way, telemedicine audiovisual system. Nurses were randomly assigned to a method of client assessment: on-site (real time) or telemedicine (monitor time). Each assessment was performed within 10 minutes of each other. Assessment variables compared were auscultation of lung sounds, heart sounds, rate and rhythm, blood pressure, weight, edema, respiratory effort, and client's face, lip, and nail color. Eighteen physiological parameters were analyzed, using either the Wilcoxon signed ranks test or the McNemar test. Results indicate few significant differences between the assessments of the real time and monitor time nurses. The monitor nurse was more likely to claim abnormality than the real nurse was when assessing the color of nails (p = .048). The real nurse picked up ankle edema (p = .024), pedal edema (p = .099), and inspiratory wheeze (p = .01) more frequently than did the monitor nurse. Kappa coefficients to determine the extent of agreement between nurse's assessments were significant. Nurses' comments were favorable, but they recommended altering the interview to elicit symptoms not easily observed by the monitor nurse such as diaphoresis. Exit interviews of the elderly patients revealed a favorable reaction to using the telemedicine monitor, citing a quick connection to a nurse and response to their concerns and questions. Both nurses and patients reported the need to have real nurse home visits along with telemedicine visits.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A nursing application of telecommunications. Measurement of satisfaction for patients and providers.

Consumer and provider satisfaction is key to the continued use and expansion of telehealth technology. This pilot study compared satisfaction of providers and patients with wound consultations done in person with those done via real-time interactive video technology. Eleven telehealth consultations with a nurse expert were immediately followed by an in-person consultation with a second nurse expert. Satisfaction questionnaires were administered to patients, referring nurses, and the consultant nurse expert following both the in-person consultation and the telehealth consultation. The referring nurses (100%) were satisfied with both the telehealth and in-person consultations, noting the ability to provide better care for their patients. The patients (55%) were "very satisfied" with the telehealth consultations versus 40% satisfied with the in-person consultations. Difficulty in hearing for the patients was equal in both groups, which resulted in changes in the consultation process. The patients' difficulty in seeing the telehealth consultant was addressed through larger screens and strategic positioning to provide easier viewing for the patient and providers. The telehealth nurse consultant was satisfied overall but had some difficulty communicating. This pilot study helped provide useful information for both the telehealth and in-person consultations.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Innovations in anesthesia pre-screening through data systems and telecommunications.

In summary, the anesthesia pre-screening concept along with the supporting computer systems allow for fingertip nursing informatics, data collection, and retrievability, providing the continuity of care so emphasized in health care today. Departmental efficiency is maximized in both processing and communicating the patient information for the caregivers through the up-to-the-minute accuracy and safety built into the data system. At this point in APS implementation, the scope of cost-savings has yet to be fully identified, yet the perception is that it is quite substantial. At the same time, recent research results confirm our hypothesis that the personal touch provided by APS phone screening and individual case management has improved patient safety, convenience, and satisfaction along with overall effectiveness. Since the CAPS system will grow in scope and complexity over the next few years, the system will be migrated to a clientserver configuration. Although "client-server" may be an overused term, its potential for improved data accessibility, integrity, and raw processing throughput is great once the field solidifies in this area. The addition of graphical user interfaces and natural language facilities will further enhance the ease of use of the system. In the near term, an on-line version of the Physician's Desk Reference will be added for use during patient calls. This computerized version offers speed as well as a more comprehensive searching ability as opposed to its tree-based cousin.

Anesthesia Department, Hospital↗
PubMed1976

[Industrial hygienic complex examinations of places of employment of elderly workers in telecommunication technics].

Authors examinated conditions on 76 places of employment of elderly women by means of a screening methode, an estimated findings in comparison to design standards under consideration of special aspects of aged workers. In regard of work organization, physic strain, demands to sense organs and the exposition of environment factors conditions were acceptable. Imperfections in plase dimensions, lighing and laps organization induced 139 detailled straffs. Directions of the examinated enterprise till now many things improved in conformity with this study.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

Healthy talk: a telecommunication model for health promotion.

The growth of managed care has led to a greater emphasis on health promotion--disease prevention (HP/DP) as a primary component of health care delivery. New technology is simplifying the HP/DP process. One agency used a disease management monitoring system to track clients' general health status.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

Application and feasibility of video telecommunications in home healthcare.

The Capital Area Consortium on Aging and Disability (CACAD) of Albany, NY, partnered with NYNEX and the James A. Eddy Memorial Geriatric Center ("The Eddy"), a non-profit provider of services to the aged and disabled, to conduct a trial to investigate the use of video conferencing as a platform for providing health care services to the home. The trial, which took place from June to September of 1994 at The Eddy in Troy, New York had three goals: Determine what quality of video is needed to provide 2-way communication for home care applications. Develop a list of potential applications that could be supported by video communications. Identify "ease of use" and ergonomic issues associated with a video link for home health.

Aged↗