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Basal cell carcinomas arising in tattoos have been reported previously in four patients. We present the fifth reported case of a basal cell carcinoma arising in a tattoo that was at a site not frequently exposed to ultraviolet radiation and briefly review malignancy in tattoos.
A case of Inoculation Leprosy following tattooing in a soldier is being reported. Escape of infection in one tattoo and occurrence of disease in another when tattooing was done simultaneously, is of interest. Possible mechanism for such occurrence is discussed.
A granulomatous reaction developed in the red part of a professionally executed tattoo. The reaction appeared a few weeks after tattooing. A patch test for mercuric bichloride proved negative. The localization to the red part of the tattoo implies a specific reaction to an unknown antigen, and that the reaction may denote a localized delayed hypersensitivity.
The desire to remove one's tattooes in prison surroundings is unanimously recognized as a positive sign of maturity and rehabilitation. A case of attempted tattoo removal serves to draw attention to some aspects of the motives which underlie such behaviour in order to determine a correct forecast of the real possibilities of the prisoner's recovery. The behavioural and psychological analysis of the case under study confirms the predictive value of the act in that it was coupled with a real request for help on the part of the subject regarding his personal wants and needs. Tattoo removal carried out surgically is concluded to be a useful therapeutic operation with the aim of safeguarding the mental health and rehabilitation of the prisoner.
Both literary and arachaeological evidence indicates that, up to now, ancient tattoos can be traced with certainty in painting only among Thracians. A comparison with modern tattoos reveals differences of motivation and motifs, whereas localization, technique, and removal show similarities. The illustrations demonstrate some tattoos typical for Thracians on Greek vases.
The replacement of tattoos by pedicle flaps demands a special ability and artistic skillfulness in order to avoid scars with the contours of the tattoo. The excision and the following cover with split-thickness-grafts should make the outlines of the tattoo invisible.
In the February issue, the authors identified tattooing as an adolescent at-risk behavior, summarizing adverse purchase and possession factors as well as potential health threats of blood-borne disease. This information stems from a study of adolescents in five suburban high schools and one large urban school district in Texas. Promoting self-identity seems to be the key motivation for the tattooing. Investigating specific risk-taking behaviors of adolescents is important in order to create applicable health-promotion strategies. This article summarizes the development of a health education brochure, which was created on the basis of a review of the literature, an analysis of data, and field testing of the product. The purpose of the health information is to emphasize potential risks, pose definite questions and actions to minimize the risks, and encourage reconsideration or postponement of tattoo decisions.
Are tattoos on adolescents only gang-related? Not according to this study with 105 tattooed adolescents; 69% were high school students with A or B grades. Of the other 537 teenagers who participated in this study in five suburban high schools and one large urban school district, over a third are considering tattooing. Understanding rationale and risks, as well as concerns if they later request laser therapy removal, is important for dermatology nurses.
Tattoos are distinctive, potentially important acquired identifying features that last for the life of the bearer, and persist into the postmortem period. However, the accumulation of decompositional pigments in the skin and subcutaneum will obscure tattoo designs. By treating the area with 3% hydrogen peroxide, the dark red-black decomposition products are temporarily removed, allowing underlying tattoos to be located, and photographed for identification purposes.
Several benign and malignant lesions have occurred in tattoos, including verrucae, granulomas, allergic reactions, basal cell carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas. In addition, seven documented cases of malignant melanoma occurring in tattoos have been reported in the English literature. We describe another patient with malignant melanoma in a tattoo.
A case is reported in which the presence of a decorative tattoo resulted in pain and termination of an MRI study. The ferromagnetic nature of the tattoo and iron oxide tattoo pigments is demonstrated. The pathophysiology of tattoo/MRI interaction is discussed, as is an approach to the prevention and treatment of this complication.
Precise knowledge of a lesion's location in the colon is infrequently required. Occasionally, however, this information can be of critical clinical importance. A variety of endoscopic and radiologic techniques have been described to localize an area or site within the colon. Tissue staining or tattooing is the most reliable endoscopic method of colon lesion localization, and India ink provides a long-lasting and probably permanent tattoo of the site. Endoscopic clips are less reliable and remain cumbersome to use. Electronic imaging is an intriguing approach but remains experimental. Sites and lesions also can be identified by barium radiography or fluoroscopy, but these techniques involve added expenses and are not as reliable as tattooing with India ink.
Traumatic tattoos result from accidental deposition of pigmented particles in the dermis. Battery-operated devices should be added to the list of situations in which traumatic tattoos may arise. In this case, an iron-containing tattoo was removed by Mohs' micrographic surgery with an acceptable cosmetic result.
A common tattoo occurring in the mouth is caused by the insertion of amalgam filling material into the soft tissues. Fifteen amalgam tattoos were examined. Amalgam or its derivatives were found within macrophages, fibroblasts and multinuclear giant cells. Fine particles were found associated with: the basement-membranes of mucosal epithelium, of striped muscle fibres, and of muscle cells of blood vessels; collagen; elastic tissue; and the connective tissue of nerves. Amalgam consists mainly of mercury, silver and tin. The analytical results suggest that corrosion occurs and that mercury and some tin are lost from the tattoos, leaving silver and tin in macrophages and giant cells, and silver in fibroblasts and in the above-mentioned extracellular sites.
Injuries and tattooing caused by gunpowder explosions may lead to permanent cosmetic disfigurement when they are not treated properly. One must distinguish between early and late treatment and recognize that early correct treatment prevents the development of many problems for both the doctor and the patient. It is essential to emphasize the importance of adequate dermabrasion of the tattooing, preferably within the first 6 h after injury or at the absolute maximum 72 h. When the injury is too old or the tattoos are too deep the minipunch technique has worked well.
Exposure of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos and adult males to sublethal concentrations of two commonly used fungicides, Acrobat MZ and Tattoo C, had varying effects on development and adult male behavior. During embryolarval assays, medaka exposed to Acrobat exhibited decreased heart rates throughout embryonic development and were smaller at hatching than controls. Differences in hatching size were not apparent with Tattoo although some decrease in heart rate was observed at higher concentrations. Tail lesions and abnormal spinal development was a problem common to embryos exposed to Acrobat. Neither time to hatch nor early growth was affected by exposure to either fungicide. Adult males that had been exposed to high concentrations of Acrobat or Tattoo over a 28-day period were less likely to approach females during behavioral trials. The absence of other behavioral effects, particularly those related to reproductive performance, may have been due to females being sexually unreceptive during behavioral trials. No other behavioral modifications were apparent for adult males exposed to either fungicide. Information about developmental and behavioral responses to sublethal concentrations of pesticides is important for establishing environmental guidelines concerning their use.
Inadequate primary skin cleansing for dirt-ingrained skin abrasions can result in disfiguring traumatic tattoos. We present nine cases of traumatic tattoos treated with the Nd YAG laser. In six cases the pigmentation was completely cleared and in three cases minimal pigmentation remained. The Nd YAG laser offers effective late treatment of traumatic tattoos with many advantages over conventional destructive treatment modalities. The best treatment is still immediate debridement and cleaning.
The amalgam tattoo can often result in an unsightly cosmetic appearance, especially in the maxillary anterior region. The predominant treatment for an amalgam tattoo is the free gingival graft, which also results in a poor cosmetic appearance. The authors would like to review the pathogenesis of the amalgam tattoo and present a new technique that leads to a pleasing cosmetic result.