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Results for “Sexual Development”

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PubMed1985

Dynamics of physiological changes in bovine myofibers during growth and sexual development.

Semitendinosus (ST) muscle samples were excised from 8 intact and 8 castrate male animals (Bos taurus) when they reached age end-points of 8, 12, 16, and 20 months. All three principal myofiber phenotypes (IC, IIA, IIB) increased in size with increasing age, with the IIA (fast-white) fibers usually larger than the other two types. Only at 16 and 20 months were the type II myofibers from intact males consistently larger than that from castrates. The amount of IIA fibers always exceeded that of the other two phenotypes at every age. Myofiber characteristics were more highly correlated with animal age than with either total body weight or total muscle mass. An ontogenetic scheme is proposed to illustrate the dynamic interrelationships of the three ST myofiber phenotypes.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2006

Modification of sexual development and carotene production by acetate and other small carboxylic acids in Blakeslea trispora and Phycomyces blakesleeanus.

In Phycomyces blakesleeanus and Blakeslea trispora (order Mucorales, class Zygomycetes), sexual interaction on solid substrates leads to zygospore development and to increased carotene production (sexual carotenogenesis). Addition of small quantities of acetate, propionate, lactate, or leucine to mated cultures on minimal medium stimulated zygospore production and inhibited sexual carotenogenesis in both Phycomyces and Blakeslea. In Blakeslea, the threshold acetate concentration was <1 mmol/liter for both effects, and the concentrations that had one-half of the maximal effect were <2 mmol/liter for carotenogenesis and >7 mmol/liter for zygosporogenesis. The effects on Phycomyces were similar, but the concentrations of acetate had to be multiplied by ca. 3 to obtain the same results. Inhibition of sexual carotenogenesis by acetate occurred normally in Phycomyces mutants that cannot use acetate as a carbon source and in mutants whose dormant spores cannot be activated by acetate. Small carboxylic acids may be signals that, independent of their ability to trigger spore germination in Phycomyces, modify metabolism and development during the sexual cycle of Phycomyces and Blakeslea, uncoupling two processes that were thought to be linked and mediated by a common mechanism.

Acetates↗
PubMed2001

Molecular aspects of sexual development and reproduction in nematodes and schistosomes.

In contrast to the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, surprisingly little is known about the molecular aspects of reproduction in parasitic helminths. Investigations into such aspects would provide an improved understanding of the fundamentals of sexual differentiation, development, maturation and behaviour, as well as sex-specific genes and their expression. Such knowledge could lead to new means of parasite control by interfering with or disrupting one or more of these processes, which is particularly important given the emerging problems with genetic resistance in parasitic nematodes against anthelmintic drugs. This chapter brings together some relevant information on the sexual biology of C. elegans, summarizes studies of gender-specific expression in selected parasitic helminths of socio-economic significance, describes advanced molecular techniques for the analysis of gender-specific genes, and indicates the prospects for genomic research on reproductive processes and the implications thereof for controlling parasitic helminths.

Amino Acid Sequence↗