[Morphological changes in serous membranes of salivary glands in acute radiation sickness].
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The article deals with the diagnostics, differential diagnostics and therapy of the acute radiation syndrome at a possible war. Decisive points of view are, taking into consideration the clinical course, simplified diagnostic methods and gradually coordinated therapeutic methods when there is a widespread occurrence of injured persons. The treatment in the base with appropriate medical evacuation is the basis. The synoptic paper summarizes the newest realizations.
Dogs were exposed to X radiation at a dose of 15 Gy; part of them received a complex treatment. The morphological studies of internal organs of control dogs were made before death (on days 4 to 15 after irradiation). The treated dogs were killed 0.5-2 years following irradiation. Hemodynamics normalization was noted in 1.5-2 years in the liver, brain cortex, adrenals, insular tissue of the pancreas, and lymph nodes.
Whole-body gamma-irradiation of rats with a dose inducing bone marrow radiation syndrome caused phase organospecific changes in UMP-synthase activity. Disturbances of enzymic activity in the bone marrow and spleen well correlated with the dynamics of interphase and reproductive cell death. In brain extracts, UMP biosynthesis from orotic acid did not undergo essential changes.
The authors have shown that in the medullary, intestinal and cerebral forms of acute radiation disease pathological changes of the lymphatic microvessels manifested themselves in the form of lymphostasis at the climax of disease in the medullary form of acute radiation disease and at the climax and in the terminal period in the intestinal form. A characteristic feature of the lymphatic channel involvement in the medullary form of acute radiation disease was a large number of erythrocytes in the lumen of the lymphatic vessels at the climax of disease. No changes of the mesenteric lymphatic channel of the rats were noted in the cerebral form. On the other hand, the presence of a large number of newly formed capillaries in the young rats at the climax of disease indicate the persistence of the proliferative ability of the lymphatic microvessel endothelium and its significant radioresistance.
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