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Results for “Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction”

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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Antibiotic therapy of acute dysentery in children with immunologic deficiency conditions].

One hundred children with acute Sonnei and flexneri dysentery were followed up with respect to the infection process and main immunity indices. In 32 children the immunity indices were physiological (group 1) and in 68 children secondary immune deficiency was observed (group 2). The children were treated with aminoglycoside antibiotics and prodigiozan and it was stated that the time of recovery in the children with immune deficiency was longer by 5.2 days as compared to that in the children without immune deficiency. In the children with immune deficiency the combined use of one of the aminoglycosides, prodigiozan and lysozyme, led to a reduction of the host immunological reactivity and recovery within the same periods as those recorded for children with the physiological immunity status. It is recommended to use the antibiotic combination with prodigiozan and lysozyme in the treatment of all the forms of dysentery in children with secondary immune deficiency.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects of nitrogen dioxide].

The aim of the paper is to review hematological and immunological effects of experimental and occupational exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The NO2 exposure diminishes erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and produces increased nitrosyl hemoglobin (NOHb) and methemoglobin (MetHb) concentrations in peripheral blood. The gas affects the activity of the membrane and glycolytic enzymes in erythrocytes. Experimental inhalation of NO2 results in an increased susceptibility to viral or bacterial infections. Moreover, the gas impairs phagocytic and bacteriocidal functions of alveolar macrophages. NO2 also causes lymphoid tissue damage reducing the thymus and spleen weight; it also diminishes specific antibody production and lymphocyte transformation in in vitro cultures with plant mitogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Indicators of iron metabolism and cellular immunity in healthy children and in those with iron deficiency anemia in relation to ecological conditions].

The authors provide statistical data attesting to the fact that during the development of iron deficiency anemia in schoolchildren, the hematological, biochemical indicators characterizing iron metabolism in the body and phagocytic activity of peripheral blood leukocytes, one of the parameters of cellular immunity, undergo noticeable changes. It has been noted that in the regions where toxic chemicals are intensely used, both children with iron deficiency and normal ones demonstrate a significant decrease of phagocytic activity of leukocytes in spite of the fact that no quantitative alterations in iron metabolism are detectable in such a case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Various indicators of nonspecific immunity in diabetic patients with acute appendicitis].

Operations for acute appendicitis were performed on 36 patients with diabetes mellitus. They were found to have the decreased peroxidase activity and phagocytic activity of neutrophils. Operative procedures on such patients fail to result in the elevated activity of nonspecific factors of defense of the organism which deteriorates processes of regeneration and causes the development of complications.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Unusual expression of IgG Fc receptors on peripheral granulocytes from patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency (CD11/CD18 deficiency).

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a hereditary disease characterized by defective expression of leukocyte adhesion glycoproteins; lymphocyte function-associated Ag-1 (CD11a/CD18), CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and p150,95 (CD11c/CD18). Granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes of patients with LAD show profoundly defective in vivo and in vitro adherence-dependent immune functions. We investigated the expression of FcR for IgG on polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and monocytes from patients with LAD, and their luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence production in response to SRBC sensitized with murine (m) IgG2a and IgG2b. Unstimulated patient PMN showed an enhanced chemiluminescence in response to mIgG2a-SRBC and an increased phagocytosis of mIgG2a-SRBC. The up-regulated functions were inhibited by monomeric human IgG in a dose-dependent manner, which was attributed to an increase in expression of FcRI on patient PMN, as shown by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibody, 32.2, specific for human FcRI. In contrast, neither the expression of FcR on the monocytes of LAD patients nor their FcR-mediated functions were different from those of controls.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[The hyper IgE syndrome. Job's syndrome].

Since 1972, 150 cases of the hyper-IgE-syndrome have been reported. The clinical manifestations are rather homogeneous with recurrent subcutaneous infections and infections in the respiratory tract, mostly with juvenile onset. Laboratory tests show minor eosinophilia and elevated immunoglobulin E-levels are always seen, partly specific to Staphylococcus aureus. Also varying decreases of polymorphonuclear leucocyte-chemotactic response are seen. There is no specific treatment of the disorder, only treatment of current infections has proved valuable. A case history is presented.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Interferon induction and granulocyte function in patients with viral meningitis.

In 22 consecutive patients with acute viral meningitis we studied the ability of neutrophilic granulocytes to phagocytize yeast particles, the interferon (IFN) levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid as well as the activity of the enzyme 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase in peripheral lymphoid cells. During the acute stage of illness a decreased phagocytosis of the neutrophils was demonstrated, while the adherence of yeast particles to the cells was increased. This was accompanied by the presence of IFN in the cerebrospinal fluid and an increase in the 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase activity of peripheral lymphoid cells. About two months after onset of symptoms the synthetase activity and the phagocytic activity of granulocytes were restored to normal levels. The results of this study may indicate that the impaired neutrophil function in viral disease is influenced by increases in IFN levels in vivo.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1989

[Periodontitis associated with systemic diseases with qualitative deficiency of phagocyte function. II. Down's syndrome].

Numerous systemic syndromes with different aetiopathogenetic and clinical features are constantly accompanied by functional changes in polymorphonucleated neutrophils and, particularly, in their chemotactic properties. The function they perform, namely impeding invasion of the organism by external aggressive factors, cannot therefore be implemented. These patients are thus abnormally susceptible to infections and present a high frequency of serious periodontal disease.

Down Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Periodontitis associated with systemic diseases with qualitative deficiency of phagocyte function. III. Papillon-Lefevre syndrome].

Numerous systemic syndromes with different aetiopathogenetic and clinical features are constantly accompanied by function changes in neutrophil polymorphoanucleates and, particularly, in their chemotactic properties. The function they perform, namely impeding the invasion of the organism on the part of aggressive external factors, cannot therefore be implemented. These patients are thus abnormally susceptible to infections and present severe periodontal disease with high frequency.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Laminin promotes the oxidative burst in human neutrophils via increased chemoattractant receptor expression.

The extracellular matrix component, laminin, enhances the chemotactic responsiveness of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in vitro, and low doses of chemoattractant substances augment the expression of PMN cell surface receptors for laminin. This study determined whether laminin acts in concert with chemoattractants to activate PMN. Laminin (5 to 100 micrograms/ml) stimulated lysozyme release and superoxide production in response to the chemoattractant, FMLP by as much as 69%. These results could be explained by changes in cell surface chemoattractant receptor expression in that incubation of normal PMN with laminin (5 to 75 micrograms/ml) increased the binding of 19 nM FML[3H]P by 35 to 80%. This corresponded to as much as a 2.5-fold increase in the number of chemoattractant receptors/cells which had a lower average affinity. Laminin did not change the number or affinity of FML[3H]P receptors present on organelle-depleted PMN cytoplasts, and the laminin-induced increase in FML[3H]P receptors expressed on PMN from a patient with a specific granule deficiency was only 11 to 21% of that seen in normal PMN. These findings suggest that chemoattractants augment the expression of laminin receptors which mediate PMN attachment to basement membranes, followed by laminin-induced increases in the expression of cryptic chemoattractant receptors contained in intracellular granules, with resultant augmentation of the oxidative burst.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Chronic myelogenous leukemia simulating chronic granulomatous disease.

A 5-year illness of a child, characterized by recurrent bacterial infections and abnormal results of nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction tests, was suggestive of chronic granulomatous disease but the illness terminated in overt myeloid leukemia. During this progression studies of leukocyte structure and metabolic activity revealed abnormalities that suggested the existence of a "preleukemic" state.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Periodontitis associated with systemic diseases with qualitative deficiency of phagocyte function. I. Diabetes mellitus].

Diabetes mellitus is accompanied constantly by functional changes in polymorphonucleated neutrophils and particularly in their chemotactic properties. Their function of impeding the invasion of the organism on the part of aggressive external factors cannot therefore be implemented. These patients are, therefore abnormally susceptible to infection and, with high frequency, also present serious periodontal disease.

Diabetes Complications↗