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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Superior results with continuous passive motion compared to active motion after periosteal transplantation. A retrospective study of human patella cartilage defect treatment.

Fifty-seven consecutive patients (33 men and 24 women), with a mean age of 32 years (range 16-53 years), who suffered from an isolated full-thickness cartilage defect of the patella and disabling knee pain of long duration, were treated by autologous periosteal transplantation to the cartilage defect. The first 38 consecutive patients (group A) were postoperatively treated with continuous passive motion (CPM), and the next 19 consecutive patients (group B) were treated with active motion for the first 5 days postoperatively. In both groups, the initial regimens were followed by active motion, slowly progressive strength training, and slowly progressive weight bearing. In group A, after a mean follow-up of 51 months (range 33-92 months), 29 patients (76%) were graded as excellent or good, 7 patients (19%) were graded as fair, and 2 patients (5%) were graded as poor. In group B, after a mean follow-up of 21 months (range 14-28 months), 10 patients (53%) were graded as excellent or good, 6 patients (32%) were graded as fair, and 3 patients (15%) were graded as poor. Altogether, nine of the fair or poor cases (50%) were diagnosed with chondromalacia of the patella. Our results, after performing autologous periosteal transplantation in patients with full-thickness cartilage defects of the patella and disabling knee pain, are good if CPM is used postoperatively. The clinical results using active motion postoperatively are not acceptable, especially not in patients with chondromalacia of the patella.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

During aging, men lose less bone than women because they gain more periosteal bone, not because they resorb less endosteal bone.

Bone size is greater in young men than in women but the load imposed is also greater. Therefore, the load per unit area (stress) on the vertebral body is the same in men and women. Fractures are uncommon in young adulthood because volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) is normal so that the stress imposed on the bone is well below its strength in both sexes. The gender difference in bone fragility emerges during aging because the biomechanical relationship between the stress on bone and its strength changes in men and women. Periosteal apposition occurs in both genders during aging but more in men than in women so that vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA) increases more in men than women. Consequently, the stress on bone decreases more in men than women. In addition, periosteal apposition offsets endosteal bone loss more in men than in women so that net bone loss is less in men than women. Thus, the stress on the bone decreases more and the strength of the bone decreases less in men than in women. The ratio of the stress on bone to its strength can be quantitated and is below unity in young men and women. During aging this ratio increases to approach or exceed unity, the value at which fracture risk is high because the stress on bone is similar to its strength. As the stress decreases more and strength decreases less in men, the ratio increases less in men than in women so that in old age only 2-3% of men but 20% of women have this stress to strength ratio exceeding unity. Men and women with spine fractures have the same vBMD and same stress to strength ratio which is no different from unity. Fewer men than women are at risk for fracture because fewer men than women have these structural determinants of bone strength below a level at which the loads exceed the bone's ability to tolerate them.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

Comparative study of the reconstruction of articular cartilage defects with free costal perichondrial grafts and free tibial periosteal grafts: an experimental study on rabbits.

The purpose of this study was to compare the chondrogenic potential of free perichondrial with free periosteal grafts in the resurfacing of full-thickness defects of patellar articular cartilage in rabbits. We used adolescent New Zealand rabbits weighing between 2.4 and 3.6 kg. A 6-mm wide and 3-mm thick defect was created on the patellar articular surface. A total of 30 rabbits were randomly divided into a control group and two test groups. One test group received free perichondrial grafts (PC); the other received free periosteal grafts (PO). All the animals were killed 8 weeks after surgery. All the histological samples were scored from 0 to 17 according to a standard scoring system. Differences in the quality of the regenerated tissue were only found between the control and the test groups. There were no statistically significant histological differences between the grafted defects of the PC and the PO groups that there are not on any of the variables. The results of this study support that there are not significant differences in the quality of the repair tissue when using these two types of biological grafts.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Periosteal osteoblastoma: report of a case with a rare histopathologic presentation and review of the literature.

Osteoblastoma is an uncommon benign bone tumor most commonly located in the vertebral column or metaphysis of a long bone. Periosteal location is rare. We report a periosteal-based osteoblastoma, arising from the proximal tibia, in a 20-year-old woman who presented with knee swelling and pain of 2-year duration. Imaging studies showed a metaphyseal surface-based lesion with patchy radiodensities. The cortico-medullary junction was intact. The lesion was totally excised. Histopathologic evaluation disclosed immature bone and osteoid deposition in a vascularized stroma, associated with numerous osteoblasts and osteoclasts rimming the bony trabeculae. Plate-like arrangements of cartilage in the margin of the neoplastic tissue were also identified. At 16 months postoperatively, the patient was well without recurrence. Although extremely unusual, the presence of cartilage does not necessarily exclude the diagnosis of osteoblastoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Bilateral metachronous periosteal tibial amyloid tumors.

Localized primary periosteal amyloid tumors are extremely rare. A case of bilateral tibial amyloid tumor is presented. A 62-year-old woman initially presented with a painful mass in the anterior aspect of the right leg. There was no evidence of underlying systemic disease, including chronic infection or malignancy. Based on the results of resistance with Congo red staining to treatment with potassium permanganate and positivity for kappa light chain, we classified this particular case as AL-type amyloidosis. The patient noticed a swelling in the opposite leg 2 years later. The second tumor was also an AL-type amyloidoma. Amyloid tumors are generally solitary. This is the first case of bilateral periosteal amyloid tumors of the AL-type occurring in the tibiae.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1996

Periosteal ganglion of the tibia.

Radiographic, computed tomographic and scintigraphic findings of a patient with separated, multilocular periosteal ganglion are reported. Multiple periosteal cystic masses with calcification in small parts of the cyst walls were demonstrated in the surface of the left tibia by plain radiograms and CT. The accumulations of technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate and pentavalent technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid were shown in the calcification in the periosteum and wall of the cyst. Needle puncture revealed that the masses were filled with jelly-like fluid. The masses were diagnosed as multiple ganglionic cysts at the periosteum of the left tibia.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Periosteal chondrosarcoma invading the medullary cavity.

We present a case of periosteal chondrosarcoma of the femur, in which a tumor invaded the medullary cavity and the lesion was clearly demonstrated only on MRI. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of an intramedullary lesion caused by periosteal chondrosarcoma demonstrated on MRI.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Psoriatic onycho-pachydermo- periostitis].

BACKGROUND: Psoriatic onycho-pachydermo-periostitis is a rare manifestation of psoriatic arthritis. It is characterized by the trias of psoriatic onychosis, tender soft tissue thickening, and osteoperiostitis of the distal phalanges in the absence of distal interphalangeal arthritis. Recommendations for the treatment of symptomatic POPP are not available. AIM OF THE STUDY: Treatment of a symptomatic 49-year old male. METHODS: Sulfasalazine 1000mg b.i.d., p.o. for 8 months followed by radiotherapy of both hands with 6x0.5 Gy. RESULTS: No clinical response was observed with either of the two treatments. CONCLUSIONS: The course of this single case does not support sulfasalazine treatment or radiotherapy in psoriatic onycho-pachydermo-periostitis.

Arthritis, Psoriatic↗
PubMed2004

Dorsal scapholunate ligament reconstruction using a periosteal flap of the iliac crest.

INTRODUCTION: To report a new technique for scapholunate ligament reconstruction, using a periosteal flap of the iliac crest. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 12 patients with static SL instability, a periosteal flap was harvested from the anterior portion of the iliac crest. Following repositioning of the carpals, the flap was fixed to the scaphoid and lunate between an incompletely osteotomised scale at the dorsal horn of the scaphoid and lunate. Pin fixation of the scapholunate (SL) and CL interval secured postoperative reduction for 8 weeks. A forearm plaster cast was worn for 12 weeks. RESULTS: Eleven patients, all male, were available for follow-up at an average of 29 months. The interval between trauma and surgery averaged 15 months. The preoperative SL angle measured 77 deg, CL angle was -10 deg, and SL gap amounted to 5.2 mm. At follow-up, SL angle was 59 deg, CL angle measured -2 deg, and SL gap was 2.1 mm. SL gap, SL angle, and CL angle improved significantly from preoperative to follow-up values. According to the clinical grading system of Green and O'Brian, 6 patients scored in the excellent and good category and 5 in the fair category. Using the radiologic grading system of Gickel and Millender, 9 patients scored as excellent and good, whereas the 2 poor results were due to failure of the technique. CONCLUSION: The technique enables reduction of the SL angle and SL gap in patients with static reducible scapholunate instability. The initial results are quite encouraging.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed2006

Effects of diclofenac on periosteal callus maturation in osteotomy healing in an animal model.

INTRODUCTION: Potential adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on bone metabolism and fracture healing are contradictive to their wide application in post-traumatic treatment. Our objective was to investigate changes to periosteal callus formation with respect to NSAID and central analgesic drug application. Our hypothesis was that callus formation is delayed in animals treated with the non-specific NSAID diclofenac. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The left tibia of forty male Wistar rats were osteotomized, stabilized with a Kirschner wire, and randomized into four groups of ten animals. Group 1 received a placebo, group 2 received the central analgesic tramadol (20 mg/kg per day) throughout the study, and groups 3 and 4 were treated with sodium diclofenac (5 mg/kg per day). Group 3 received diclofenac for seven days, followed by placebo until sacrifice (short-term), while group 4 animals received diclofenac for the full period (long-term). Animals were sacrificed 21 days after osteotomy. RESULTS: Under light microscopy, all osteotomies healed successfully and independently of the drug treatment. Histomorphometry revealed delayed callus maturation in long-term diclofenac treated animals, with significantly higher amounts of cartilage and less bone, particularly in the outermost region of periosteal callus. Short-term NSAID and tramadol application did not significantly alter callus differentiation. CONCLUSION: Callus maturation in vivo was impaired after long-term application of diclofenac which corresponds to the in vitro findings of a dose-dependent effect of NSAIDs on osteoblast proliferation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2007

Carnitine: a therapeutic option for childhood psoriatic onycho-pachydermo-periostitis (POPP).

Psoriatic onycho-pachydermo-periostitis (POPP)is a rare subset of psoriatic arthritis, characterized by onychopathy, painful thickening of the periungual soft tissues, and radiological features consisting of an exuberant periosteal reaction of the terminal phalanx. The POPP treatment is debated, and side effect risk of therapies may not be offset by their benefits. We report on a successful treatment with carnitine in a 15-year old boy suffering from POPP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Periosteal chondroma of the rib: report of two cases.

We report two cases of periosteal chondroma of the rib, an extremely rare entity. The first case involved a 5-year-old boy who was admitted with pain and swelling around his left fifth rib. Surgery was performed in May 1999, and an 8 x 6 x 5 mm tumor was resected with the fifth rib. The second case involved a 39-year-old man with a 2-month history of cough who was referred to our department after a coin lesion had been detected on a chest roentgenogram. Physical examination on admission did not reveal any pain or tenderness. The rib tumor was resected along with the fourth rib by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and minithoracotomy in February 2000. The tumor was well encapsulated and consisted of an elastic hard mass measuring 22 x 15 x 13 mm. Both patients had an uneventful postoperative course and have remained well with no evidence of recurrence. Our review of the literature revealed only six previously documented cases of periosteal chondroma of the rib.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Periosteal osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible.

Periosteal osteosarcoma, a variant of juxtacortical osteosarcoma, is seldom seen in the jaws. The clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features of a rare mandibular periosteal osteosarcoma presenting as a deep mass in the area of the parotid are reported. The clinicopathologic features that distinguish this lesion from the more common parosteal osteosarcoma are also discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Periosteal chondroma of the cervical spine: one more cause of neural foramen enlargement.

A case of cervical periosteal chondroma presenting with an enlarged neural foramen is described. Review of the literature showed that cervical chondromas are rare but that their characteristic clinical and computed tomographic findings aid in their diagnosis. The computed tomographic findings of two previously reported cases of cervical periosteal chondroma resembled those of the present case. On computed tomographic scanning, an iso-or high-density mass containing stippled calcifications and originating in a posterior cervical neural arch was observed in all three cases. Extensive spinal canal and extradural involvement was observed in five of the seven reported cases, including the one reported here.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Periosteal osteosarcoma of the maxilla: a case report and review of literature.

Juxtacortical osteosarcomas, including periosteal and parosteal subtypes, are uncommon neoplasms of the jaws. In long bones, the biologic behavior of the periosteal variant is reported to be more aggressive than the parosteal tumor. Juxtacortical osteosarcoma of the jaws appears to have a slightly more favorable prognosis than in long bones, although a larger series of cases needs to be evaluated before a definitive conclusion concerning the behavior of juxtacortical osteosarcoma of the jaws can be made.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

A factor synthesized by rabbit periosteal fibroblasts stimulates bone resorption and collagenase production by connective tissue cells in vitro.

Unstimulated monolayer cultures of confluent rabbit periosteal fibroblasts synthesize a factor that stimulates bone resorption in vitro. Furthermore it stimulates rabbit chondrocytes and mouse osteoblasts to synthesize collagenase. The factor has no effect on dead bone in culture, and its activity on live bone is mediated principally by osteoclasts, since it is 75% inhibited by salmon calcitonin. Characterization of the factor by gel filtration and isoelectric focusing indicates an Mr in the range 15000-25000 and a pI corresponding to approx. pH 4.7. These biological and physiochemical properties are similar to those reported for a factor released by peripheral blood monocytes. However, whereas human monocyte factor in both the crude and partially-purified state exhibits interleukin-1 activity, crude and fractionated periosteal fibroblast-conditioned medium does not. This is the first report of a conditioned medium containing a molecule like the monocyte-factor which appears to have no interleukin 1 activity. The factor may be synthesized by a wide range of cell types, and could have an important role in mediating connective tissue degradation during both physiological and pathological resorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Quantitative measurements of periosteal and cortical-endosteal bone formation and resorption in the midshaft of male rat femur.

Morphologic and modeling parameters have been studied in the femoral diaphysis of male rats between 60 days and 840 days of age. The modeling rates were measured by use of a vital labeling technique with calcein. The mathematical bone model that was developed for the midshaft of female rats was used also for male rats. The two ellipses, defined by four time-dependent functions of the radii, and one drift function that describes the movement of the whole diaphysis in the transverse direction have been adapted to the new data sets obtained for male rats. With increasing age the apposition(MF), forming(BF), and resorbing(BR) rates decrease continuously from 5.4 mm/year(MF), 960%/year(BF), and 540%/year(BR) at age 60 days to 0.038 mm/year(MF), 8.4%/year(BF), and 6.3%/year(BR) at age 850 days, whereas the endosteal and periosteal diameters increase. Between age 60 days and 550 days, formation rate, resorption rate, apposition rate, and the growth rate of the bone volume and body weight are greater in male than in female rats, but after this age they are comparable. The average cumulative radiation dose near bone surfaces after contamination with alpha-emitting bone surface-seeking radionuclides is greater in the diaphysis of female rats than in the corresponding male rats. In young animals it is greater initially on the cortical-endosteal surfaces, but after age 250 days the dose on the periosteal surface becomes predominant.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Flurbiprofen-induced stimulation of periosteal bone formation and inhibition of bone resorption in older rats.

The skeletal effects of flurbiprofen (Fb), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was studied by histomorphometry in 9-month-old retired female breeder, Sprague-Dawley rats. Flurbiprofen was given subcutaneously at 0, 0.2, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg/d for 21 days. Flurbiprofen had no effect on longitudinal growth, but stimulated radial growth (+200%) over controls. In the tibial shaft, Fb stimulated the mineral apposition rate (+25%), mineral bone formation rate (+100%), and periosteal labeling length (+64%) at the 2.5 and 5.0 mg Fb/kg dose levels, and had no effect on marrow cavity size compared to controls. However, these changes were insufficient to increase cortical bone mass. In the proximal tibial metaphysis, Fb suppressed osteoclasts/mm2 of metaphyseal tissue (-47%), osteoclasts/mm of bone surface (-46%), and the osteoclast/osteoblast ratio (-50%), increased the calcified cartilage core population (+100%), and had no effect on osteoblast numbers at all dose levels. There was an insignificant increase in metaphyseal cancellous bone mass. The current study leads to the conclusion that flurbiprofen-stimulated periosteal bone growth was due to direct stimulation of osteoblast recruitment and activity independent of longitudinal bone growth. Further, it confirms early findings in young rats that flurbiprofen induced depressed bone resorption without lowering bone formation. However, because of insufficient treatment time, the older rat did not accumulate bone as the young rats did.

Age Factors↗