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PubMed1979

[Comparative measurements of the ophthalmic arterial pressure using the Mikuni dynamometer and the Stepanik-arteriotonograph (author's transl)].

Comparative measurements of the ophthalmic arterial pressure have been performed in 102 eyes using the Mikuni dynamometer and the Stepanik-Arteriotonograph. There was a linear correlation between the results obtained with both methods (P less than 0.001). Ophthalmic arterial blood pressures taken with the Stepanik-Arteriotonograph (SAT) were on the average 23 mmHg higher than with the Mikuni suction cup dynamometer. The mean ophthalmic blood pressure using the SAT was 88% of the mean brachial arterial pressure, whereas it was 70% with the Mikuni instrument. Differences between duplicate readings in the same eye were higher with the SAT than with the Mikuni dynamometer (P less than 0.001). Differences between both eyes in one individual were on the average greater using the SAT than the Mikuni instrument (P less than 0.001) and suction cup dynamometry was tolerated better subjectively than ophthalmic arteriotonography. A different reference point for taking arterial blood pressure with both methods is discussed. In arteriotonography the point of pressure measurement is more central than in suction cup dynamometry, because of the different method of increasing intraocular pressure in each procedure. The pros and cons of both methods are critically discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of the optical density of the optic nerve head I: the pallor of the papilla in artificial ocular hypertension.

The pallor of the optic disc during acute raise of intraocular pressure can be shown on the negatives of orthochromatic film and is measured by a photoscanner. When raising intraocular pressure from normal values to ablut 40 mm Hg, ten young persons showed an increase in optical density from 0.28 log units +/- 0.04 SEM to 0.38 log units +/- 0.04 SEM. When raising IOP to 65 mm Hg, the optical density was 0.43 log units +/- 0.04; with 110 mm Hg the optical density was 0.44 log units +/- 0.04 SEM. Above values of 40 mm Hg IOP, the pallor does not remain constant but may also decrease in some cases. The higher the intraocular pressure, the more contradictory the response. The phenomenon may be shown on various parts of the rim simultaneously. The amount of maximum pallor is directly related to the value of optical density with normal intraocular pressure. After restoring IOP to normal values, optical density decreases again, the amount of decrease being related to initial value. The contradictory response with higher IOP may be due to autoregulation of the capillaries of the optic nerve head.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Ophthalmodynamometric assessment of the central retinal vein collapse pressure in eyes with retinal vein stasis or occlusion.

PURPOSE: Using a new Goldmann contact lens associated ophthalmodynamometric device, it was the purpose of the present study to determine the central retinal vein collapse pressure in eyes with retinal vein occlusions or retinal venous stasis. METHODS: The prospective clinical non-interventional comparative study included 19 patients with central retinal vein occlusion ( n=8), branch retinal vein occlusion (n=4), or retinal venous stasis (n=7) and 42 subjects of a control group. With topical anesthesia, a Goldmann contact lens fitted with a pressure sensor was put onto the cornea. Pressure was exerted on the globe by pressing the contact lens, and the pressure value at the time when the central retinal vein started pulsating was noted. RESULTS: Central retinal vein collapse pressure measured 103.6+/-25.4 arbitrary units (AU) in eyes with central retinal vein occlusion what was significantly higher than in the eyes with retinal venous stasis (58.1+/-37.5 AU; p=0.02) and the eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (43.8+/-25.5 AU; p=0.004). In the latter two groups, the measurements of the central retinal vein collapse pressure were significantly (p<0.001) higher than the measurements in the eyes of the control group (4.2+/-7.8 AU). CONCLUSION: As measured by a new ophthalmodynamometer with direct biomicroscopic visualization of the central retinal vessels during examination, central retinal vein collapse pressure is significantly higher in eyes with central retinal vein occlusion, followed by eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion, eyes with retinal venous stasis and, finally, normal eyes. These findings may have diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

Adult↗