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PubMed1983

Lymphedema.

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Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Stewart-Treves syndrome (author's transl)].

Thirteen years after a right mastectomy with axillary node dissection completed by radiotherapy, a 78-year-old woman still had lymphoedema of the homolateral upper limb. The development of an angiosarcomatous tumour on the medial surface of the right arm led to a diagnosis of Stewart-Treves syndrome, this lesion considered by some to be metastasis of carcinoma of the breast and by others as a separate clinicopathological entity close to primary cutaneous angiosarcomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Vascular neoplasms.

Vascular neoplasms in the broad sense represent a very common group of tumors or hamartomas that show great variability in gross appearance, microscopic appearance, and clinical course. Generally, neoplasms are composed of one cell type, but vascular neoplasms are collections of endothelial-lined tubes or tubules with connective tissue walls that may contain smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and nerve elements according to the specific tissues of origin. The classification of vascular neoplasms as outlined in this article attempts to delineate each tumor or hamartoma according to its histologic appearance and clinical behavior. The clinical course ranges from completely benign, self-involuting malformations such as the strawberry hemangioma to highly malignant angiosarcomas with their rapid growth and frequent metastases. Defects in the lymphatic system show gradations from simple lymphangiomas through lymphedema and lymphangiectasia, which can probably be explained by faulty embryologic development. Management of these lesions has been discussed, including brief descriptions of most of the currently accepted treatment methods for these frequently encountered clinical problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Malignant tumors as complications of lymphedema].

Malignant tumour arising in chronic congenital or acquired lymphedema is a rare medical condition. However it must be well known because of the usual severity of these highly malignant neoplasms. Stewart-Treves angiosarcoma is the most frequent tumour: it is a vascular malignant tumour, which mostly occur in post-surgical or radiotherapeutic lymphedema for breast cancer. It differs from secondary metastasis arising in lymphedema although the clinical and histological appearance is often very close. Other tumours can grow on this ground: Kaposi's sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant lymphoma, melanoma. On the pathogenic point of view, many factors converge to this tumoral occurrence: lymphatic stasis and the reorganization of the conjunctival tissue that it will entail, the local immunodeficiency, and also systemic factors as a general immunodeficiency or viral potentially oncogenic infections such as papillomavirus. In practice, the prevention of lymphedema, the regular monitoring of constituted lymphedemas, the hygienic and preventive behaviours of infections are the best arrangements to avoid this tumoral occurrence.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1977

[Stewart-Treves syndrome: post-mastectomy angiosarcoma].

A case is reported of angiosarcoma occuring in the chronic-lymphedematous right arm of a 56 year-old woman 9 years after radical mastectomy for cancer of the right breast. This is a characteristic example of Stewart-Treves syndrome (angiosarcoma in chronic lymphedema). The patient died within the year from multiple metastases. About 200 such cases are reported in the literature: the prognosis is bad, the best therapy reported being amputation of the extremity. Early diagnosis is essential through frequent checks for chronic lymphedema, which is seemingly the crucial etiologic factor in the occurrence of this angiosarcoma. Histogenesis has yet to be fully explained.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1997

Masson's intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia mimicking Stewart-Treves syndrome: report of a case.

Masson's intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, also called Masson's pseudoangiosarcoma, represents a benign vascular proliferation, presently considered as a peculiar histopathologic reaction pattern of the endothelium to diverse stimuli. Differentiation from angiosarcoma represents the main diagnostic concern. We report a case of Masson's intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia presenting in a 55-year-old woman with ipsilateral lymphedema secondary to surgery and radiation therapy for breast carcinoma. The diagnosis was intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia. This is the first description of Masson's pseudoangiosarcoma in this clinical context, to our knowledge. We believe it represents a peculiar morphologic pattern of endothelium proliferation secondary to venous stasis and thrombosis due to lymphedema.

Arm↗