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Seqalert--a daily sequence alertness server for the EMBL and SWISSPROT databases.

MOTIVATION: The aims were to: enable users to deposit complex search profiles against the sequence databases; interface to an independent Sequence Retrieval System (SRS) server through the network to perform these searches on a daily basis through the last day's updates of these databases; mail users the reformatted search results, enabling local usage when loaded by a WWW browser. RESULTS: The deposition of one to many search profiles by the user leads to a daily search of the EMBL and SWISSPROT databases. The search profile is restricted to entries that were deposited during the last 24 h by using the SRS query manager to combine search sets. If the search is successful, the resulting html page is modified from relative URLs to absolute ones, enabling local usage by loading from disk. The results are sent to the user by e-mail.

Algorithms↗

Internet as clinical information system: application development using the World Wide Web.

Clinical computing application development at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center has been limited by the lack of a flexible programming environment that supports multiple client user platforms. The World Wide Web offers a potential solution, with its multifunction servers, multiplatform clients, and use of standard protocols for displaying information. The authors are now using the Web, coupled with their own local clinical data server and vocabulary server, to carry out rapid prototype development of clinical information systems. They have developed one such prototype system that can be run on most popular computing platforms from anywhere on the Internet. The Web paradigm allows easy integration of clinical information with other local and Internet-based information sources. The Web also simplifies many aspects of application design; for example, it includes facilities for the use of encryption to meet the authors' security and confidentiality requirements. The prototype currently runs on only the Web server in the Department of Medical Informatics at Columbia University, but it could be run on other Web servers that access the authors' clinical data and vocabulary servers. It could also be adapted to access clinical information from other systems with similar server capabilities. This approach may be adaptable for use in developing institution-independent standards for data and application sharing.

Computer Communication Networks↗

A telemedicine system for enabling teaching activities.

In order to improve the distance teaching of minimally invasive surgery techniques, an integrated system has been developed. It comprises a telecommunications system, a server, a workstation, some medical peripherals and several computer applications developed in the Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre. The latest peripherals, such as robotized teleoperating systems for telesurgery and virtual reality peripherals, have been added. The visualization of the zone to be treated, along with the teacher's explanations, enables the student to understand the procedures of the operation much better.

Computer Communication Networks↗

[Experience of Aozora Medical Clinic in EMInet].

We present here the EMInet (Electronic Medical Information network), a closed information network established by the City government and the Medical Association in Matsudo City, Chiba, Japan. In this network, medical information is shared by multiple certified medical facilities under the informed consent of the patients. The medical record is written only by the physician in charge of the patient and reserved in the server computer. The medical record cannot be rewritten or modified by anyone except the physician in charge of the patient. Other medical professionals can only have access to the record. In the emergency room of certified hospitals, a physician can open the patient's record by using the IC card carried by the patient.

Computer Communication Networks↗

Multimedia communications networks. Patient care through interactive point-of-care testing.

This decade will see a historical convergence of technologic and socioeconomic events that will merge interactive multimedia communications with longitudinal participatory health care systems. Diagnostic testing will extend from the home to the most sophisticated acute care settings. Point-of-care testing networks will resemble modern electrical utility power grids with workload distributed to optimize test turnaround time and economic effectiveness. Throughout the network, clinical and managerial information will be accessible as needed at all points of use. The networks will become "physician extenders" by allowing broad interactive geographic and mobile accessibility to clinical information in a context that maintains patient confidentiality and data security.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗

Intranet and HTML at a major university hospital--experiences from Munich.

Intranet-technology is the application of Internet-Tools in local networks. With this technique electronic information systems for large hospitals can be realized very easily. This technology has been in routine use in 'Klinikum Grosshadern' for more than one year on over 50 wards and more than 200 computers. The following clinical application areas are described: drug information, nursing information, electronic literature retrieval systems, multimedia teaching und laboratory information systems.

Computer Communication Networks↗

CPMCnet: an integrated information and internet resource.

The Network and Computer Systems department of the Health Sciences Library developed CPMCnet, an UNIX-based information and Internet server at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center. The project linked Gopher and World-Wide Web protocols as well as clients into an integrated application, providing the advantages of both. Development and use of CPMCnet has opened new channels of communication among information providers and end-users.

Academic Medical Centers↗

The PartnerWeb Project: a component-based approach to enterprise-wide information integration and dissemination.

A component-based health information resource, delivered on an intranet and the Internet, utilizing World Wide Web (WWW) technology, has been built to meet the needs of a large integrated delivery network (IDN). Called PartnerWeb, this resource is intended to provide a variety of health care and reference information to both practitioners and consumers/patients. The initial target audience has been providers. Content management for the numerous departments, divisions, and other organizational entities within the IDN is accomplished by a distributed authoring and editing environment. Structured entry using a set of form tools into databases facilitates consistency of information presentation, while empowering designated authors and editors in the various entities to be responsible for their own materials, but not requiring them to be technically skilled. Each form tool manages an encapsulated component. The output of each component can be a dynamically generated display on WWW platforms, or an appropriate interface to other presentation environments. The PartnerWeb project lays the foundation for both an internal and external communication infrastructure for the enterprise that can facilitate information dissemination.

Computer Communication Networks↗

Recent developments of care information systems in Germany.

The authors describe recent developments in the German health care system. A taking stock of the current state of hospital information system implementations in Germany leads to the conclusion that up to now no integrated hospital information system can be found, but that the awareness for the necessity of such a system is growing. Anticipated challenges and risks of care information systems are examined on grounds of an exemplification by the German care information system PIK (Pflegedienst im Krankenhaus--Nursing service in hospital). With regard to the shift from functional to holistic nursing in Germany it is argued that the consequences of the implementation of a care information system are intertwined closely with the nursing model.

Computer Communication Networks↗