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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Glucagon as an adjuvant to infusion cholecysto-cholangiography].

The effect of glucagon on the results of intravenous cholangio-cholecystography (IVC) was studied in a randomised trial on 246 patients. The injection of 1 mg. glucagon increased the speed of contrast excretion from the liver. This led to a significantly quicker demonstration of the gallbladder, with a tendency to more rapid filling of the biliary ducts. In patients with hyperbilirubinaemia there were somewhat fewer negative cholangiograms and significantly fewer negative cholecystograms. Considering the patients as a whole, the use of glucagon has the advantage of reducing the time taken for the examination and of a reduction of negative IVCs. Since glucagon has practically no side effects, our experience suggests that it can be recommended as an adjuvant to IVC. Improvements in IVCs are particularly significant since they are now only used for special indications.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1982

[A method for the investigation of cholegraphic contrast media. Experiments using isolated perfused rat livers (author's transl)].

Isolated perfused rat livers were used for investigating possible interactions between two simultaneously injected contrast media, and which technique, using parenteral application of cholegraphic media, is optimal. The results show that excretion of a parenteral contrast medium is reduced by giving an oral contrast medium at the same time. Simultaneous administration of two different contrast media therefore does not result in improved diagnostic information. The effect depends on the dose, and a sufficiently long interval should be observed between giving an oral and a parenteral contrast medium. A comparison of excretion values following injection of a bolus and prolonged infusion shows higher biliary contrast concentration and increased excretion after a single injection. Comparing only the period after the infusion, no difference was found between these two methods of administration. The single injection offers pharmacokinetic advantages, but an infusion is better tolerated and has fewer side effects. A rapid infusion of 10 to 15 minutes is therefore recommended as the optimal means of administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Histamine release and endothelial leakage from an intravascular contrast medium.

The endothelial injury produced by meglumine iodamide was studied in the rat aorta. A mixture of blood and contrast medium was more toxic to the endothelium than the pure contrast agent. This difference disappeared after premedication with antihistamine, which did not affect the injury produced by the pure contrast agent. Meglumine iodamide appears to cause a release of histamine from blood but not from the aortic endothelium nor from surrounding tissues in amounts demonstrable by this method. Leucocytes are a source of histamine after intravascular contrast medium administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

MR and CT cholangiography in evaluation of the biliary tract.

OBJECTIVE: To compare MR and CT cholangiography (MRC and CTC) in evaluating the anatomy of the extrahepatic biliary tract and the pathology related to the gallbladder. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-three patients underwent MRC and CTC with a biliary contrast medium for investigation of biliary disease. 3D displays of both were also obtained. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was performed in 17 patients, and the pathology of all 23 was evaluated. RESULTS: Overall, the image quality was higher with CTC than with MRC (4.7 vs 3.9, p < 0.05). The cystic duct was demonstrated better by CTC than MRC (p < 0.05). Multiplanar reformation (MPR) and source images provided additional information to that obtained from 3D MRC and CTC images. Gallstones were revealed in 6 patients by CTC and in 5 of these 6 by MRC. In 2 patients with cholecystitis, CTC demonstrated gallbladder wall thickening but MRC did not. In 3 patients with adenomyomatosis. MRC demonstrated Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses (RAS) while CTC demonstrated focal gallbladder wall thickening in all 3 and RAS in 1 of them. CONCLUSION: Both MRC and CTC provided anatomical and pathological information about the biliary system. With both techniques, however, either MPR or source images proved necessary in addition for evaluating the biliary system anatomy and pathology. The gallbladder wall was depicted clearly in source CTC, but MRC is recommended for the evaluation of adenomyomatosis because it depicts RAS clearly.

Adult↗