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Results for “Human Procreation”

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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Microscopic and biochemical fertility characteristics of semen after shockwave lithotripsy of distal ureteral calculi.

PURPOSE: To elucidate the frequency and adversity of the effects of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) on the male reproductive system. We investigated the possible alterations in the quality of semen in patients treated by SWL for pelvic ureteral stones. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The semen of 10 men was examined 1 day before and 5 and 90 days after SWL for distal ureteral stones, in accordance with the World Health Organisation guidelines. The results were compared with those from the semen samples of 10 healthy male volunteers undergoing SWL for calculi of the upper urinary tract. RESULTS: Microscopic analysis of the semen samples revealed a transient decline in sperm density (24.7%), sperm motility (10%), sperm vitality (8%), and seminal fructose (27.5%) after SWL for distal ureteral stones. A distinctly higher number of spermatozoa of pathological origin was detected after SWL in the same group. There was no trace of microscopic hemospermia before shockwave treatment, but it was detected in 90% of the patients with lower ureteral calculi after SWL. Macroscopic hemospermia was detected in two of these nine patients. No deterioration of the semen characteristics and no hemospermia was observed after treatment in the control group with upper urinary stones. CONCLUSIONS: Our investigations confirmed a transient deterioration in semen quality after SWL for distal ureteral calculi, whereas no deterioration was observed after SWL for upper ureteral stones. Impaired sperm quality values returned to normal within 12 weeks after SWL, clearly indicating a damaging effect of SWL on seminal vesicle or ejaculatory duct function. The initial procreative capacity was restored in all patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Perspectives in human reproduction.

In-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer represent only one of the rapidly emerging applied advances in reproductive medicine beginning in the late 1950s; these include 'the pill' and the IUD for contraception, and hormones for the infertile requiring gonadal stimulation by gonadotrophins, clomiphene citrate or bromocryptine, to mention but a few. But from where and when did the biological basis for these sweeping changes derive? Virtually all the recent applications grew out of imaginative basic research. Fundamental animal studies by pioneers, such as Chang, Thibault and Edwards, taught us nature's axioms for gametogenesis, fertilization, development and differentiation. Millions are now seeking voluntary manipulation of their intrinsic reproductive capabilities to gain quality of life benefits for themselves and their children. Although not universal, the popularity of such options sparked industrial investment, governmental policies and international agencies to promote development of safer, more effective drugs and devices. Increased advocacy of aggressive treatment for infertile couples was a spontaneous outgrowth of this movement. Thus, the right of individuals to procreate, even to pursue the extraordinary means required, arose from the diverse events of the nascent reproductive revolution.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed1986

Use of groin and mid-thigh flap in reconstruction of penis with penile and perineal urethra and a dorsal skin-lined socket for a removable prosthesis.

Absent or deformed genitalia give rise to profound psychological complexes. In such cases reconstruction of the phallus can help the patient return to leading a normal life. A reconstructed penis must have a normal appearance, feel, and function, which up to now has not been completely possible. Using the method described herein, the penis was reconstructed from a groin and mid-thigh flap. It has a skin-lined tube placed ventrally for urination and has a dorsal skin-lined socket for insertion of a removable prosthesis for artificial erection. Seven stages are required for reconstruction, including reconstruction of a perineal urethra. Appearance of the reconstructed organ is acceptable. The erection device is simple, stable, and not costly, and normal urination and procreation are possible. Part of this method is also applicable for loss of erection and in reconstruction of a perineal urethra only.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale III in a Norwegian sample.

Olson's Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES III) and Beavers' Self-report Family Inventory (SFI) were administered to 177 young Norwegian adults. Three questions were raised: (1) do the two-factor structure and curvilinear hypothesis of Olson's model of family functioning find support cross-culturally; (2) does curvilinearity depend on whether families of origin or procreation are described; and (3) does the data analytic technique dictate the results. In 1985, in their manual, Olson and his associates proposed the use of Distance from Center (DFC) scores to test the curvilinear hypothesis, a procedure that presupposes orthogonality between the dimensions of Cohesion and Adaptability, which was not found in several other samples nor in the present study. Using DFC scores, the curvilinear hypothesis received moderate support only when families of origin were described. A polynomic regression analysis gave clear evidence, however, of a linear relationship between the FACES dimensions and SFI Health Scores for both families of origin and families of procreation. The findings suggest that respondents do not have an implicit bipolar model of cohesion and adaptability.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Genetic counseling in the case of carrier state with reciprocal chromosome translocations].

The principles are presented of genetic counselling for families with carrier state of reciprocal chromosome translocations (RCT). RCTs are the risk factor for the occurrence of reproduction disturbances, such as infertility, spontaneous abortion, congenital anomalies in the offsprings, and the degree of risk depends to a large extent on which chromosome segments are in the state of imbalance in the offsprings, due to various mechanisms of abnormal meiotic segregation. The uniqueness of chromosome translocations with respect to the type of chromosomes involved in translocations, and the location of breaking sites is the reason for the necessity of construing large pedigrees for the evaluation of the degree of risk. The newest Stene and Stengel-Rutkowski model makes possible the combination of smaller pedigrees in translocation groups of the so-called single risk of imbalance and determination of the individual risk of birth of children with anomalies. A number of psychological determinants are important for the possibility of genetic investigations in the affected families, and the decision about procreation may be influenced by a number of determinants other than the result of genetic counsel.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1991

Intrafamilial sexual abuse: family-of-origin and family-of-procreation characteristics of female adult victims.

We examined connections between incest victims' family-of-origin and family-of-procreation characteristics in a sample of 40 American women who were in treatment for childhood or adolescent experiences of victimization. Retrospective data on their families-of-origin were collected along with their perceptions of current relationships with family members in the three-generational system. Results showed a close association between family-of-origin and family-of-procreation characteristics, especially in the areas of intergenerational intimacy, intergenerational fusion/individuation, and personal authority. A number of significant correlations were also found between subjects' past and present relationships with family-of-origin members and the dimensions of moral and religious orientation, achievement, and intellectual and cultural orientation, conflict, and control in their family-of-procreation. Some aspects of individual adjustment, including alienation, emotional discomfort, and defensiveness, were strongly related to various family-of-origin and family-of-procreation characteristics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Pregnancy after zygote intra-fallopian transfer using spermatozoa from a patient with Kallmann's syndrome.

A successful zygote intra-Fallopian transfer has been performed using spermatozoa from a patient with Kallmann's syndrome. Spermatogenesis was induced by hormonal treatment but even so, semen quality remained slightly impaired and no pregnancy occurred over 4 years, despite ovulation induction in the patient's spouse. Finally she conceived after assisted procreation by in-vitro fertilization and delivered a healthy baby.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of fallopian tube function after microsurgical treatment].

Authors have presented long-term results of microsurgical treatment of female infertility. Operations of the abdominal ostium were successful in 28% (home taken baby), what is similar to the results presented in the literature. Poor outcome of the other types of the microsurgical operations was analysed. Comparison of the microsurgery with the different methods of the assisted medical procreation was performed (e.g. IVF-ET and GIFT), showing the advantages of the latest.

Fallopian Tubes↗
PubMed1995

[Triplet pregnancy after intracytoplasmic sperm injections].

Morphology of the spermatozoa is one of the major criteria in severe male subfertility. We report on a case of severe Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia in which a triplet pregnancy could be achieved after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). After treatment with GnRH-analogues/HMG/HCG seven oocytes of metaphase II could be retrieved and injected. Three of them fertilised and were transferred as four-cell stage embryos after two days. Seven weeks later an intact triplet pregnancy could be detected by ultrasonography. The severe sperm defects in this case were evaluated with the technique of electron microscopy. Ultramorphology of spermatozoa appears to have an important predictive value for fertilisation and pregnancy in classical IVF. Its value for the assisted procreation techniques such as ICSI remains to be investigated.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Boys' envy of mother and the consequences of this narcissistic mortification.

From the many threads that form the matrix of male psycho-sexual development, this paper considers and examines only the narcissistic injury caused by the boy's realization that he will never attain mother's femaleness and procreative capacity. Although both boys and girls envy and covet mother's powerful bounty, there is a fundamental experiential difference between the sexes in that the girl can take comfort in her knowledge that, being like mother, she will mature to attain mother's female attributes. The boy, however, when he learns and acknowledges that he is different from mother, must recognize that his wish to attain mother's procreativity is doomed to fail. This fact evokes in him a painful narcissistic mortification that, usually inadequately repressed, may have lifelong consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Love promotes health.

Love has consequences for health and well-being. Engaging in joyful activities such as love may activate areas in the brain responsible for emotion, attention, motivation and memory (i.e., limbic structures), and it may further serve to control the autonomic nervous system, i.e., stress reduction. This specific CNS activity pattern appears to exert protective effects, even on the brain itself. Moreover, anxiolytic effects of pleasurable experiences may occur by promotion of an inhibitory tone in specific areas of the brain. Thus, love and pleasure clearly are capable of stimulating health, well-being and (re)productivity: This wonderful biological instrument makes procreation and maintenance of organisms and their species a deeply rewarding and pleasurable experience, thus ensuring survival, health, and perpetuation.

Health Promotion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gestational trophoblastic disease. Clinical course and results of treatment].

Out of 472 patients with gestational trophoblastic disease directed to the Institute of Oncology in Warsaw in the period 1.4.1977-1.4.1987, 145 (30.7%) have been qualified for treatment. Lasting cure was obtained in all of 105 patients with the disease restricted to the uterus, in 13 of 14 (92.8%) with metastatic disease with favourable prognosis and in 20 out of 25 (80.0%) with metastatic disease with poor prognosis. In 102 patients treated exclusively chemically the procreative ability has been preserved, 33 of these women gave birth to a total of 44 healthy children.

Adolescent↗