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Blood parasites of amphibians from Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.

Two hundred forty-six amphibians from Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China, were examined for blood parasites between April and June 1990. Six trypanosome species were found, 2 of which were not identified because of poor material. Trypanosoma rotatorium (sensu Mayer, 1843) was found in Rana limnocharis and Rana nigromaculata. Trypanosoma chattoni and a T. rotatorium-like species were found in Bufo gargarizans. A sphaeromastigote similar to Trypanosoma tsunezomiyatai was seen in R. limnocharis. The relationship of this parasite to T. chattoni is unclear. Dactylosoma ranarum, Lankesterella minima, and Aegyptianella bacterifera were identified in ranids. Frog erythrocytic virus (FEV) was found in 2 ranids and a bufonid. Differences in shape of FEV and its assumed effect on the host-cell nucleus suggest that different kinds of viruses may be involved.

Amphibians↗

Besnoitia sp. (Protozoa:Toxoplasmatinae) from Akodon montensis (Rodentia:Cricetidae) in Santa Catarina State, Brazil.

Tissue cysts of Besnoitia sp. were found in muscles and several organs from a naturally infected Akodon montensis captured in the rural area of the municipality of Timbó, Santa Catarina State, in southern Brazil. Indirect fluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays carried out with sera from mice chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii and Besnoitia sp. showed, as expected, a stronger reaction against homologous than heterologous antigens. No cross-protection was observed in mice immunized with T. gondii when challenged with Besnoitia sp. This is the first description of a natural infection of A. montensis by parasites of the genus Besnoitia sp. in Brazil.

Animals↗

Temperature modulation of the response of Ig-positive cells to Goussia carpelli (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) infections in carp, Cyprinus Carpio L.

The influence of temperature on the kinetics of immunoglobulin-positive (Ig+) leukocytes in cell suspensions prepared from the pronephros and the intestine of common carp Cyprinus carpio during the development of Goussia carpelli, a gut-dwelling coccidian parasite, was examined. The development of the parasite was temperature dependent. At 20 C, oocysts were formed 2-3 wk postexposure (PB), at 15 C for 3-4 wk PE, and at 12 C for 5-6 wk PE. At all 3 temperatures, changes of relative numbers of Ig+ cells were observed in cell suspensions. During merogony and gamogony, the proportion of Ig+ cells increased, peaked during oocyst formation of the parasite, and then remained elevated. Serum collected from infected carp 8-20 days PE contained immunoglobulins binding to G. carpelli merozoites. The development of the parasite and the increase of Ig+ cells in intestine and pronephros of infected carp were temperature dependent. The peak level of Ig+ cells appeared not to be influenced by temperature. These findings indicate that even at low temperatures local and systemic immune responses are induced in carp with enteritic parasite infection.

Animals↗

Antigenic similarity between Hammondia hammondi and Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites.

Hammondia hammondi is an obligate heteroxenous intestinal coccidian of cats, sharing many characteristics with Toxoplasma gondii. The tachyzoite stage antigens of T. gondii and H. hammondi were studied by immunofluorescence assays (IFA) and western blotting (WB) techniques to demonstrate antigenic similarities. Five monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), anti-T. gondii antigens, P22, P23, P30, P35, and P43, and mice polyclonal anti-H. hammondi serum were investigated. Antigens of H. hammondi were recognized by anti-P30 MAb both in IFA and in WB and by anti-P22 and anti-P35 MAbs only in IFA. Polyclonal anti-H. hammondi serum revealed many common antigens between the 2 parasites (30, 32, 35, 66, and 90 kDa). The differences of host parasite relationship between these 2 coccidians lead us to suggest that many of these antigens with similar molecular weights are not the same, but homologous, molecules or that they are not the only factors involved in these differences.

Animals↗