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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Onset time for sevoflurane/nitrous oxide induction in adults is prolonged with increasing age.

Inhaled induction of anesthesia is occasionally used in adults. Using a modified vital capacity sevoflurane/nitrous oxide (N2O) inhaled induction, we evaluated the effect of increasing age on the onset time of anesthesia. Twenty patients, aged 26-65 yr, performed a vital capacity breath followed by regular tidal breathing from an anesthesia circuit primed with sevoflurane 8%/N2O/O2. The following values were recorded: time to loss of eyelash reflex (LOER); time to bispectral index < or =60 (BIS < or =60); expired fraction of sevoflurane at the time of induction, LOER and BIS < or =60. The mean times and 95% confidence intervals to LOER and BIS < or =60 were 54 s (37-70 s) and 175 s (143-207 s), respectively, and were significantly prolonged by aging (r = 0.65; P = 0.002). Times to LOER and BIS < or =60, predicted from the regression line, were 3.9 and 2 times longer in a 60-yr-old than in a 30-yr-old patient. The expired fraction of sevoflurane measured at time to LOER and BIS < or =60 decreases with increase in age. We conclude that inhaled induction with sevoflurane/N2O is dramatically prolonged with increased age.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distichiasis of the lids and lymphedema of the lower extremities: a report of ten cases.

Ten members belonging to two different families were affected by distichiasis of the lids (double row of eyelashes) and lymphedema of the lower extremities. Other less frequent congenital anomalies, such as pterygium colli and ptosis were found in some affected members. The previously reported cases were reviewed. A single pleiotropic gene with a high penetrance and a variable expressivity is responsbile for the different anomalies of this dominantly inherited syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Under-diagnosed psychiatric syndrome. I: Trichotillomania.

Trichotillomania is a chronic psychiatric condition characterised by uncontrollable, self-inflicted, hair pulling, resulting in noticeable hair loss. The hair pulling may occur anywhere on the body; with the scalp and eyelashes most commonly affected. Onset is often during childhood or early adolescence. Once presumed to be an obscure condition, the estimated lifetime prevalence is 1.5% for male and 3.4% for female college students. In very young patients, a more equal sex ratio is observed. On the whole, women show 5 to 10 times higher prevalence rates than men. Majority of the sufferers disguise their hair loss very well. Because of the secrecy and shame about their behaviour, many remain silent sufferers, and treatment is often delayed. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors currently are the pharmacological treatment of choice, although other drugs like naltrexone and antipsychotics like pimozide and haloperidol have varying responses. Behaviour therapy includes habit reversal coupled with exposure therapy and response prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Trichotillomania--case report].

This paper presents a case of trichotillomania involving the eyelids and eyebrows. This is a chronic illness that may be difficult to treat. The most common approach consists of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy combination. Trichotillomania, classified in DSM IV as an impulse control disorder is characterized by an irresistible urge to pull hair, accompanied by a build up of tension and subsequent sense of relief. The mean age of onset is 8 years for males and 12 for females. Hair is pulled from a variety of sites, most frequently from the scalp but also eyelashes, eyebrows, beard, armpit and the pubic area.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A four years old girl with phthiriasis pubis infestation.

A four years old girl had Phthirus pubis infestation in the scalp, eyelids, eyelashes, neck and shoulders. She had fever, severe itching, allergic reaction and anxiety. The girl was successfully treated with 2.5% permethrin cream. The risk of lice infestation as a community health problem was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eyelid splitting and extirpation of hair follicles using a radiosurgical technique for treatment of trichiasis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To describe a new, simple, and rapid surgical modification for the treatment of trichiasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this noncomparative, prospective, interventional case series, 12 eyelids of 8 consecutive patients suffering from acquired trichiasis were treated by splitting the eyelid margin using a radiosurgical technique and then extirpating the hair follicles. The main outcome measure was successful resolution of trichiasis without recurrence during a follow-up period of at least 1 year. RESULTS: Complete recovery of the trichiatic eyelashes at the site of the treatment occurred in 10 of the 12 eyelids treated. There were no complications during or after healing of the surgical wound during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Radiosurgery provides a simple and rapid modification of the surgical treatment for acquired trichiasis, with good functional results.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Folliculectomy: management in segmental trichiasis and distichiasis.

OBJECTIVE: To propose a new surgical technique as an alternative method for the correction of segmental trichiasis and distichiasis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An interventional case series reviewed the segmental trichiasis and distichiasis patients who were treated with folliculectomy in the Ophthalmology Department, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. The data was collected from January 1997 to December 2002. The history, clinical features and treatments were reviewed. Patients with the initial diagnosis of entropion were excluded. RESULTS: Nine segmental trichiasis and distichiasis patients (13 eyes) were reviewed. Eight eyes underwent folliculectomy and one had folliculectomy with anterior lamellar recession. The follow-up time was 1-24 months. Nine of thirteen eyes (69.2%) were successfully treated with folliculectomy or folliculectomy with anterior lamellar recession. Four eyes needed second operations due to the recurrence of the eyelashes. CONCLUSION: Folliculectomy revealed good results in trichiasis and distichiasis. It should be considered as an alternative technique because it is a simple and fast procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Distichiasis].

Distichiasis is a rare congenital or acquired eyelid anomaly in which an accessory row of eyelashes arises from the openings of meibomian glands or near them. The abnormal cilia are posterior to the normal row of cilia and may abrade the eye causing ocular irritation and corneal damage. We describe a 9-year-old Caucasian girl with bilateral and symmetric distichiasis. This condition was treated with lid splitting followed by cryotherapy to the posterior lid lamella. The technique has been used in four eyelids with congenital distichiasis, with very good results.

Child↗
PubMed2004

[Symptomatic and asymptomatic infections of Demodex spp. in eye lashes of patients of different age groups].

Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis were looked for on eyelashes sampled from 481 people, aged 3 through 96. The persons studied were divided into 9 age groups. Magnitude of the infection symptoms was assessed based on macroscopic changes of eye-lid edges and on interviews with patients. An increase of the prevalence of infection and intensification of the symptoms were observed to coincide with the age increase of the persons studied. No significant differences were demonstrated between the infection frequencies of women and men. Symptoms of ocular demodecosis were more frequent only in women of group III (aged 21-30) and group V (41-50) (p < 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Distichiasis-lymphedema syndrome and the Turner phenotype.

Two unrelated females with the syndrome of distichiasis-lymphedema are presented. In both families, the autosomal dominant nature of the syndrome was evident, with multiple affected males and females. In the prepubertal period this disease may be confused with Turner or Noonan syndromes. Genetic counseling is important for this is a very crippling disease and an erroneous diagnosis of future sterility may be given to affected females. Ptosis, pterygium colli, lymphedema, cleft palate and a low posterior hairline can confuse the phenotype. A history of corneal irritation, photophobia and a need to self-pluck eyelashes may be the clue to the diagnosis. Close follow-up for associated complications, counseling and support to these families may be our contributions as clinicians in ameliorating the burden this disease brings.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of inhalation induction with isoflurane or halothane in children.

Thirty-six children (mean age 2.4 years) premedicated with oral chloral hydrate 70 mg kg-1 and atropine 0.03 mg kg-1 were anaesthetized with either 3.75% isoflurane or 2.5% halothane in 70% nitrous oxide in oxygen. The eyelash reflex disappeared in 39 +/- 7 s (mean +/- SD) with isoflurane and in 56 +/- 16 s with halothane (P less than 0.001). Tachypnoea was seen with both anaesthetics. Coughing, breath holding, stridorous breathing and respiratory depression were seen during isoflurane but not during halothane induction (P less than 0.01). In nine of 20 children anaesthetized with isoflurane, the ventilation had to be assisted before intubation. Endotracheal intubation was possible in 224 +/- 35 s with isoflurane and in 281 +/- 64 s with halothane (P less than 0.01). Intubating conditions were satisfactory in 80% of the children anaesthetized with either volatile agent. Cardiovascular responses to endotracheal intubation were minimal with both anaesthetics. No cardiac dysrhythmias were noted. Heart rate was higher during isoflurane than during halothane induction. Diastolic arterial pressure was lower during isoflurane than during halothane induction immediately and 5 min after intubation.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Eye cosmetics.

Eye cosmetics are useful to highlight and emphasize the eyes. Currently available eye cosmetics include eye shadows, eye shadow setting creams, under-eye concealers, eye-liners, mascaras, artificial eyelashes, and eyebrow pencils. Special care must be taken when patients with sensitive skin or contact lens wearers select eye cosmetics. Eye cosmetics may also be the cause of either irritant or allergic contact dermatitis, which are two causes of the upper-eyelid dermatitis syndrome.

Contact Lenses↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of upper eyelid entropion. Lid split surgery and fibrin sealing of free skin transplants.

The repair of severe upper eyelid entropion with trichiasis was reported early in ophthalmological literature; a historical review of the main operative techniques is provided. The aim of treatment is to bring the eyelashes away from the lid margin. Recent procedures use an upward transposition of the anterior lamella, which is performed by a lid split technique. The free anterior tarsal surface must be covered by a free, autologous skin graft or mucous-membrane graft to stabilize the free lid margin and to prevent the tarsal plate from shrinking. A fibrin-sealing method is used for the fixation of the graft on the tarsus, thus making sutures unnecessary. The anterior tarsal surface is covered by the fibrin-glued transplant, which prevents the posterior lamella from shrinking and does not allow the lashes to descend to the lid margin again. The results of using this new method on seven patients are presented.

Entropion↗
PubMed1987

[Facial hair in the context of biology].

The subject of the variation in facial hair has been somewhat neglected but lies somewhere between dermatology, anthropology and anatomy. Eyelashes, eyebrows, beards, and nose and ear hair show marked ethnic variation. A particular role is played by the variety of kinds of ear hair in Indian and Sinhalese populations.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed1986

Argon laser treatment of trichiasis.

This paper presents the application of argon laser in the treatment of trichiasis. The technique involves the destruction of the follicles of the abnormal cilia. A beam of 50- to 200-micron spot size, 0.1- to 0.2 second time, and 1,000 to 1,200 mW power is used under local anesthesia. This method proved safe, convenient, precise, and effective in 11 cases. The technique is most suitable when a few fine cilia are involved, but repeated treatment may be required for more and thicker eyelashes. The follow-up period in this study varied from a minimum of four months to a maximum of nine months.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Ectoparasitic infestation of the lashes.

Phthirus pubis, commonly known as the crab louse, has as its habitat the pubic and inguinal regions of the body. Transfer between hosts is most commonly a result of sexual contact. On occasion, Phthirus pubis will leave its usual seat of predilection and infest other hair-bearing body parts. When infestation of the eyelashes occurs, it is known as phthiriasis palpebrarum. The case presented is an example of phthiriasis palpebrarum in a young female, apparently contracted as a result of transfer from the genital region of an affected male by hand contact.

Adolescent↗