Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Chorionic Villi Sampling”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Cytogenetic analysis of chorionic villi for prenatal diagnosis: an ACC collaborative study of U.K. data. Association of Clinical Cytogeneticists Working Party on Chorionic Villi in Prenatal Diagnosis.

A prospective 3-year collaborative study was undertaken in 1987 to collect cytogenetic data from diagnostic chorionic villus samples (CVS) in the U.K. in order to determine the predictive value of the chromosome abnormalities encountered. Twenty-seven laboratories contributed a total number of 7595 cases, of which 97.6 per cent were successful. Excluding single cell anomalies, a total of 480 cytogenetic abnormalities were reported, of which 137 were familial structural rearrangements and 343 were de novo problems. Non-mosaic trisomies of chromosomes 13, 18, and 21 (n = 157), non-mosaic sex chromosome abnormalities (n = 33), and triploidy (n = 6) were all confirmed in cells of fetal origin where follow-up information was available. Of the nine remaining non-mosaics including tetraploidy, trisomies of other autosomes, and extra markers, only a trisomy 16 and a case of a supernumerary marker proved genuine. Eighty-eight cases of mosaicism were reported to the study, of which only nine were confirmed as genuine: two cases involving chromosome 13, one trisomy 18, two examples of extra marker chromosomes, three 45,X, and one 47,XXX. There were no reports of false-negative findings. Presumptive maternal cell contamination was encountered in 39 cases, a detected incidence of 0.5 per cent. Four cases of presumptive 'vanishing twin' were recorded: in three of these, direct preparations showed a female karyotype, whereas culture indicated a male (with male fetuses in two cases). The fourth case was of a female fetus with male and female cells in the CVS cultures. Subtle structural chromosome abnormalities were missed in three instances. Accurate prediction of the fetal karyotype was shown to require detailed knowledge of both the nature and the distribution of abnormal cells in the extra-embryonic tissues. In many cases, this could only be made where results from direct preparations and cultured cells were available. A number of conclusions were reached from these and similar data in the literature regarding the reliability of chromosome findings in CVS.

Chorionic Villi Sampling↗
PubMed2001

Aneuploidy screening in direct chorionic villus samples by fluorescence in situ hybridisation: the use of commercial probes in a clinical setting.

The results of screening for the common aneuploidies involving chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y by florescent in-situ hybridisation (FISH) in direct preparations from 100 chorionic villus samples from pregnancies between 10 and 20 weeks' gestation are reported. Samples prepared using routine methods and analysed with commercially available probes, accurately detected 12 cases of fetal aneuploidy, all referred because of developmental abnormality. Three of the four cases where chromosome abnormality was detected in cultured villi but not by the direct fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) assay, were due to confined placental mosaicism. No chromosomal anomalies were found in the 20 low risk cases where the referral reason was a familial single gene disorder. We conclude that the FISH assay with commercial probes may act as an accurate and less labour intensive alternative to direct chromosome analysis of chorionic villus samples. In cytogenetically low risk cases its use can obtain a result within the time needed for DNA analysis and avoid the need to set up cultures.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1995

Chorionic villus sampling.

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) has the great advantage over mid-trimester amniocentesis of producing early results. Moreover, rapid analytic techniques have significantly reduced the waiting time between sampling and diagnosis, whereas progress in recombinant DNA technology and human gene mapping has led to an increase in the range of conditions it can detect. The role of CVS in twin pregnancy has been investigated and compared with amniocentesis. Although these techniques are equally safe, CVS should be considered the approach of choice because of a number of technical advantages, and in relation to selective fetal reduction in discordant twins. Confined placental mosaicism has been investigated and a list of chromosomes related to adverse pregnancy outcome has been compiled. Recent reports have substantially contributed to solving the controversy on the hypothetical relationship between limb reduction defects and CVS. Analysis of limb reduction defects among more than 130,000 cases reported to the World Health Organization CVS registry has been unable to find any relationship between sampling and fetal malformations, including limb reduction defects.

Chorionic Villi Sampling↗
PubMed1998

Beta-glucuronidase deficiency as cause of recurrent hydrops fetalis: the first early prenatal diagnosis by chorionic villus sampling.

We describe a patient with recurrent non-immune hydrops fetalis diagnosed as mucopolysaccharidosis type VII. This rare autosomal recessive disorder is caused by a beta-glucuronidase deficiency. Chorionic villus sampling was performed in the 11th week of the subsequent pregnancy and beta-glucuronidase deficiency in chorionic villi indicated that the fetus was affected. After termination in the 12th week, signs of early hydrops fetalis were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Improved method for study of chromosomes of chorionic villus samples.

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) offers rapid prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal disorders. We evaluated four methods for chromosomal analysis of chorionic villi (three based on direct preparations and one on long-term culture) in order to define a method which would provide good quality metaphases in sufficient numbers. The direct culturing method using synchronisation and dissociation with dispase was as good as long-term culturing. The optimal period of gestation for study was 10-12 wk.

Chorionic Villi Sampling↗
PubMed1989

Direct preparations from chorionic villi--relationship between villous morphology and mitotic index.

It has been postulated that chorionic villi with abundant sprouts have a higher mitotic index and are therefore preferable for obtaining direct chromosome preparations from chorionic villus samples. This theory was tested by correlating villous morphology with mitotic index. Surprisingly, no statistically significant relationship was found. Choice of culture medium, however, was found to be important, with serum-free RPMI yielding a higher mitotic index than 40 per cent FCS in MEM. We conclude that villous morphology, as assessed in this study, is not a major factor in determining the success of direct chromosome preparations.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed2006

Prenatal diagnosis of free sialic acid storage disorders (SASD).

Free sialic acid storage disorders, Salla disease (SD) and Infantile sialic acid storage disease (ISSD), are lysosomal storage diseases due to impaired function of a sialic acid transporter, sialin, at the lysosomal membrane. Several mutations of the sialin gene, SLC17A5, are known, leading either to the severe neonatal/infantile disease or to the milder, adult-type developmental disorder, Salla disease. Free sialic acid accumulation in lysosomes causes increased tissue concentration and consequently elevated urinary excretion. Prenatal diagnosis of SASD is possible either by determination of free sialic acid concentration or by mutation analysis of the SLC17A5 gene in fetal specimen, in chorionic villus biopsy particularly. Both techniques have been successfully applied in several cases, sialic acid assay more often in ISSD cases but mutation analysis preferentially in SD. Sialic acid assay of amniotic fluid supernatant or cultured amniotic fluid cells may give erroneous results and should not be used for prenatal diagnosis of these disorders. The present comments are mainly based on our experience of prenatal diagnosis of SD in Finnish families. A founder mutation in SLC17A5 gene, 115C-> T, represents 95% of the disease alleles in the Finnish SD patients, which provides a unique possibility to apply mutation analysis. Therefore, molecular studies have successfully been used in 17 families since the identification of the gene and the characterization of the SD mutations. Earlier, eight prenatal studies were performed by measuring the free sialic acid concentration in chorionic villus samples.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia B with more advanced techniques.

We used the PCR to amplify three polymorphic regions of Factor IX gene on 35 Italian families: DdeI intron 1, Mn1I exon f, and the polymorphism HhaI located 8 kb at the 3' end of FIX gene. We analyzed the Mn1I and HhaI markers on DGGE and DdeI polymorphism on agarose gel. We reached an informativity of 78% and we found one mutation at codon 145 (exon f) during the screening for Mn1I polymorphism. Furthermore, we performed 16 prenatal diagnoses on chorionic villus samples; five were female and 11 male. Four were uninformative three healthy and one affected male fetus were recognized by PCR techniques, two healthy and one affected fetus by Southern analysis. In three pregnant women examined for the first time during pregnancy, the PCR technique allowed us to perform a rapid diagnosis of noncarrier status, avoiding the fetal sampling procedures.

Base Sequence↗